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Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems

Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems PDF Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241564052
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
When working with countries to measure and compare health systems functioning, it is important to strike a good balance between avoiding blueprints that do not allow for country contexts and specificities while also encouraging a degree of standardization that enables comparisons within and between countries as well as over time. Standardized indicators allow comparisons between countries and can help mutual learning, including the identification of bottlenecks and the sharing of lessons learned. This handbook does not attempt to cover all components of the health system or deal with the various monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Instead, it is structured around the WHO framework that describes health systems in terms of six core components or "building blocks": service delivery, health workforce, health information systems, medical products, vaccines and technologies, financing and leadership/governance. The selection of indicators was guided by the need to detect change and show progress in health systems strengthening. Indicators relate to both the level and distribution of inputs and outputs. While the focus is on low- and middle-income countries, experiences from high-income countries are also used to guide the development of measurement systems. Each section has proposed core indicators that all countries are encouraged to collect, plus a wider set of indicators that users can choose or modify as needed. It is anticipated that the core indicators will enable the production of country "dashboards" that contain the instruments by which health systems trends can be regularly monitored and compared. Countries should integrate new indicators with existing indicators of their health sector and statistical strategies and plans. Health systems monitoring should also be seen in the context of the indicators' impact on access to priority health services and their contribution to reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The handbook is divided into six sections, each of which covers one health system component or building block and is set out along the following lines: -introduction to the component and related indicators; -description of possible sources of information and available measurement strategies; -proposed "core indicators", supplemented, where necessary, by additional indicators that may be used depending on the country health system attributes and needs.

Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems

Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems PDF Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241564052
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
When working with countries to measure and compare health systems functioning, it is important to strike a good balance between avoiding blueprints that do not allow for country contexts and specificities while also encouraging a degree of standardization that enables comparisons within and between countries as well as over time. Standardized indicators allow comparisons between countries and can help mutual learning, including the identification of bottlenecks and the sharing of lessons learned. This handbook does not attempt to cover all components of the health system or deal with the various monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Instead, it is structured around the WHO framework that describes health systems in terms of six core components or "building blocks": service delivery, health workforce, health information systems, medical products, vaccines and technologies, financing and leadership/governance. The selection of indicators was guided by the need to detect change and show progress in health systems strengthening. Indicators relate to both the level and distribution of inputs and outputs. While the focus is on low- and middle-income countries, experiences from high-income countries are also used to guide the development of measurement systems. Each section has proposed core indicators that all countries are encouraged to collect, plus a wider set of indicators that users can choose or modify as needed. It is anticipated that the core indicators will enable the production of country "dashboards" that contain the instruments by which health systems trends can be regularly monitored and compared. Countries should integrate new indicators with existing indicators of their health sector and statistical strategies and plans. Health systems monitoring should also be seen in the context of the indicators' impact on access to priority health services and their contribution to reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The handbook is divided into six sections, each of which covers one health system component or building block and is set out along the following lines: -introduction to the component and related indicators; -description of possible sources of information and available measurement strategies; -proposed "core indicators", supplemented, where necessary, by additional indicators that may be used depending on the country health system attributes and needs.

Taiwan’s COVID-19 Experience

Taiwan’s COVID-19 Experience PDF Author: Ming-Cheng M. Lo
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040085679
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319

Book Description
This book explores and develops the ongoing conversation about how Taiwan navigated through the COVID-19 pandemic. Emphasizing the themes of governance and governmentality, it moves the foci of the discussion from COVID policies to the social and political orders undergirding the statecraft of pandemic management. Furthermore, it analyzes how the pandemic fostered a historical moment at which new forms of governance and governmentality were beginning to take root. It also situates Taiwan’s precarious nationhood in its global context, thereby challenging a prevalent methodological nationalism – the assumption that the nation is a natural unit of analysis whose borders are more or less unquestioned – and contributing to decolonizing Western theories with perspectives from the Global South. Presenting rich original materials on the legal and public debates, individual reflections, and grassroots campaigns during COVID, this book will be essential reading for students and scholars of Taiwan's governance and social health policy, as well as medical anthropology and sociology.

New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan

New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780478359077
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186

Book Description
The New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan: A framework for action sets out the all-of-government measures to be taken to prepare for and respond to an influenza pandemic. It replaces the New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Action Plan 2006. Pandemics by their nature are unpredictable in terms of timing, severity and the population groups that are most affected. This version of the New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan establishes a framework for action that can readily be adopted and applied to any pandemic, irrespective of the nature of the virus and its severity.

News from Germany

News from Germany PDF Author: Heidi J. S. Tworek
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 067498840X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 345

Book Description
Winner of the Barclay Book Prize, German Studies Association Winner of the Gomory Prize in Business History, American Historical Association and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Winner of the Fraenkel Prize, Wiener Library for the Study of Holocaust and Genocide Honorable Mention, European Studies Book Award, Council for European Studies To control information is to control the world. This innovative history reveals how, across two devastating wars, Germany attempted to build a powerful communication empire—and how the Nazis manipulated the news to rise to dominance in Europe and further their global agenda. Information warfare may seem like a new feature of our contemporary digital world. But it was just as crucial a century ago, when the great powers competed to control and expand their empires. In News from Germany, Heidi Tworek uncovers how Germans fought to regulate information at home and used the innovation of wireless technology to magnify their power abroad. Tworek reveals how for nearly fifty years, across three different political regimes, Germany tried to control world communications—and nearly succeeded. From the turn of the twentieth century, German political and business elites worried that their British and French rivals dominated global news networks. Many Germans even blamed foreign media for Germany’s defeat in World War I. The key to the British and French advantage was their news agencies—companies whose power over the content and distribution of news was arguably greater than that wielded by Google or Facebook today. Communications networks became a crucial battleground for interwar domestic democracy and international influence everywhere from Latin America to East Asia. Imperial leaders, and their Weimar and Nazi successors, nurtured wireless technology to make news from Germany a major source of information across the globe. The Nazi mastery of global propaganda by the 1930s was built on decades of Germany’s obsession with the news. News from Germany is not a story about Germany alone. It reveals how news became a form of international power and how communications changed the course of history.

The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox

The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox PDF Author: Yves Tiberghien
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108968473
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 92

Book Description
The Covid-19 pandemic triggered the first global public health emergency since 1918, the greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression, and the greatest geopolitical tensions in decades. Global governance mechanisms failed. Yet, East Asian countries (with caveats) managed to control Covid-19 better than most other countries and to increase their cooperation toward economic integration, despite their position on the security frontline. What explains this East Asian Covid paradox in a region devoid of strong regional institutions? This Element argues that high levels of institutional preparation, social cohesion, and global strategic reinforcement in a context of situational convergence explain the results. It relies on high-level interviews and case studies across the region.

Economics in the Age of COVID-19

Economics in the Age of COVID-19 PDF Author: Joshua Gans
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262362791
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 135

Book Description
A guide to the pandemic economy: essential reading about the long-term implications of our current crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed a firehose of information (much of it wrong) and an avalanche of opinions (many of them ill-founded). Most of us are so distracted by the everyday awfulness that we don't see the broader issues in play. In this book, economist Joshua Gans steps back from the short-term chaos to take a clear and systematic look at how economic choices are being made in response to COVID-19. He shows that containing the virus and pausing the economy—without letting businesses fail and people lose their jobs—are the necessary first steps.

Difficult Choices

Difficult Choices PDF Author: Richard C. Bush
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 081573834X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 431

Book Description
" How Taiwan can overcome internal stresses and the threat from China Taiwan was a poster child for the “third wave” of global democratization in the 1980s. It was the first Chinese society to make the transition todemocracy, and it did so gradually and peacefully. But Taiwan today faces a host of internal issues, starting with the aging of society and the resulting intergenerational conflicts over spending priorities. China's long-term threat to incorporate the island on terms similar to those used for Hong Kong exacerbates the island's home-grown problems. Taiwan remains heavily dependent on the United States for its security, but it must use its own resources to cope with Beijing's constant intimidation and pressure. How Taiwan responds to the internal and external challenges it faces—and what the United States and other outside powers do to help—will determine whether it is able to stand its ground against China's ambitions. The book explores the broad range of issues and policy choices Taiwan confronts and offers suggestions both for what Taiwan can do to help itself and what the United States should do to improve Taiwan's chances of success. "

The Pandemic

The Pandemic PDF Author: Vinayak Chaturvedi
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781952636172
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186

Book Description
This collection of essays provides analyses of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia. It includes interpretations by leading scholars in anthropology, food studies, history, media studies, political science, and visual studies, who examine the political, social, economic, and cultural impact of COVID-19 in China, India, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and beyond.

Public Health Asia During Covid-19 Panhb

Public Health Asia During Covid-19 Panhb PDF Author: Schneider VEERE
Publisher: Social Studies in Asian Medicine
ISBN: 9789463720977
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 224

Book Description
Every nation in Asia has dealt with COVID-19 differently and with varying levels of success in the absence of clear and effective leadership from the WHO. As a result, the WHO's role in Asia as a global health organization is coming under increasing pressure. As its credibility is slowly being eroded by public displays of incompetence and negligence, it has also become an arena of contestation. Moreover, while the pandemic continues to undermine the future of global health governance as a whole, the highly interdependent economies in Asia have exposed the speed with which pandemics can spread, as intensive regional travel and business connections have caused every area in the region to be hit hard. The migrant labor necessary to sustain globalized economies has been strained and the security of international workers is now more precarious than ever, as millions have been left stranded, seen their entry blocked, or have limited access to health services. This volume provides an accessible framework for the understanding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia, with a specific emphasis on global governance in health and labor.

The Great Exodus from China

The Great Exodus from China PDF Author: Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108478123
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 331

Book Description
Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang examines the human exodus from China to Taiwan in 1949, focusing on trauma, memory, and identity.