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Author: José Manuel Cordero Hernández Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 145
Book Description
Over the last decade, the synthesis methods of colloidal nanocrystals have advanced at an astonishing rate, producing particles that are chemically stable, monodisperse, and, in the case of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), immensely bright. Inorganic nanocrystals linked to functional organic or biological molecules have recently emerged as a new class of nanomaterials for generating highly efficient devices, and sensing agents for a broad range of advanced applications. A key step in the synthesis of these constructs involves transforming the chemistry of the surface from that generated by the nanocrystals synthesis conditions (high boiling-point and hydrophobic solvent environment) to one possessesing the appropriate functional groups for derivatization and that is compatible with the intended final application. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of organic ligands that modify the surface in that manner. The first ligand exhibits a norbornene functional group and binds strongly to the surface of colloidal nanocrystallites during particle synthesis, eliminating the need for ligand exchange and enabling large-scale production of high quality derivatizable nanomaterials. This ligand is compatible with state-of-the-art synthesis methods of a large variety of semiconductor nanocrystallites, including PbS, CdSe/CdS, and InAs/CdSe/CdS core/shell nanoparticles. Applications that make use of the norbornene click-chemistry functionality will be presented, along with efforts to preserve the high quantum yield and colloidal stability in water. We also introduce a bidentate carboxylate-based ligand as part of an effort to enhance the quality of QDs through the chelate effect. This ligands enhances the PLQY at high temperature, as a result of surface-related trap state passivation. Finally, we describe the synthesis of a new functional group for generating derivatizable-QDs that can be easily copolymerized with the polyimidazole ligand (PIL), and that is reactive with tetrazine and, upon thermal activation, with thiols to form stable bioconjugates.
Author: José Manuel Cordero Hernández Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 145
Book Description
Over the last decade, the synthesis methods of colloidal nanocrystals have advanced at an astonishing rate, producing particles that are chemically stable, monodisperse, and, in the case of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), immensely bright. Inorganic nanocrystals linked to functional organic or biological molecules have recently emerged as a new class of nanomaterials for generating highly efficient devices, and sensing agents for a broad range of advanced applications. A key step in the synthesis of these constructs involves transforming the chemistry of the surface from that generated by the nanocrystals synthesis conditions (high boiling-point and hydrophobic solvent environment) to one possessesing the appropriate functional groups for derivatization and that is compatible with the intended final application. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of organic ligands that modify the surface in that manner. The first ligand exhibits a norbornene functional group and binds strongly to the surface of colloidal nanocrystallites during particle synthesis, eliminating the need for ligand exchange and enabling large-scale production of high quality derivatizable nanomaterials. This ligand is compatible with state-of-the-art synthesis methods of a large variety of semiconductor nanocrystallites, including PbS, CdSe/CdS, and InAs/CdSe/CdS core/shell nanoparticles. Applications that make use of the norbornene click-chemistry functionality will be presented, along with efforts to preserve the high quantum yield and colloidal stability in water. We also introduce a bidentate carboxylate-based ligand as part of an effort to enhance the quality of QDs through the chelate effect. This ligands enhances the PLQY at high temperature, as a result of surface-related trap state passivation. Finally, we describe the synthesis of a new functional group for generating derivatizable-QDs that can be easily copolymerized with the polyimidazole ligand (PIL), and that is reactive with tetrazine and, upon thermal activation, with thiols to form stable bioconjugates.
Author: C.N.R. Rao Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540687521 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
This is the most comprehensive book on nanocrystals on the market. It is an up-to-date monograph on an important aspect of nanoscience and technology. It opens with an elegant introduction including a brief historical account. Emphasis is then given to diverse synthetic methods, both chemical and physical, in addition to modern hybrid methods. Tables providing information at a glance, cartoons and schematic diagrams, make the monograph appealing to read.
Author: Nan Ma Publisher: ISBN: 9780494526040 Category : Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
Semiconductor nanocrystals are used widely as biological labels and components of optoelectronic devices. The spectral tunability and stability of these materials makes them ideal building blocks and probes. This thesis describes work on a class of semiconductor nanocrystals with properties controlled by the structure and sequence of nucleic acids. Controlling nanocrystal properties using rationally designed nucleic acids structures and sequences presents a new means to engineer inorganic structures with desired properties, and provides a means to produce biofunctionalized imaging labels in a single step. The materials produced using this approach have favorable characteristics, including bright emission, high stability, and straightforward synthetic manipulation.The properties of semiconductor nanocrystals are known to be strongly dependent on the ligand used during synthesis that serves to passivate the surface. We endeavored to use a class of ligands that would have intrinsic self-assembly properties and inherent biocompatibility. We therefore tested nucleic acids including DNA and RNA molecules as ligands for cadmium and lead-based nanocrystals formation. Nucleic acids molecules passivate on semiconductor nanocrystal surface through their nucleobase functionalities as well as the phosphate backbone. Among the four natural mononucleotides, guanine is the most effective nucleotide for semiconductor nanocrystals formation. Semiconductor nanocrystals synthesized with different DNA homopolymer sequences possess distinct luminescence intensities. A general approach is being developed to systematically control semiconductor nanocrystals luminescence using rationally designed DNA sequences. In addition, the effect of nucleic acids structure on CdS semiconductor nanocrystals properties is elucidated using transfer RNA molecules as a ligand system, and differences in size and morphology were observed for the semiconductor nanocrystals synthesized with different RNA structures.DNA-passivated semiconductor nanocrystals exhibit low cytotoxicity and high stability in biological media and thus are superior for bioimaging applications. Given the molecular recognition properties of DNA and RNA aptamers with other biomolecules such as proteins or cell surface receptors, we were inspired to use a bi-functional DNA template to generate biofunctionalized semiconductor nanocrystals in a simple one-pot process. This novel strategy is realized by the design of a chimeric DNA template with a phosphorothioate domain for semiconductor nanocrystals passivation and a phosphate domain (aptamer) for biomolecule recognition. CdTe semiconductor nanocrystals synthesized with the chimeric DNA template possess high specificities towards the cognate DNA, protein, and cancer cell targets.
Author: Shayne Cox Gad Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470249021 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1352
Book Description
A clear, straightforward resource to guide you through preclinical drug development Following this book's step-by-step guidance, you can successfully initiate and complete critical phases of preclinical drug development. The book serves as a basic, comprehensive reference to prioritizing and optimizing leads, dose formulation, ADME, pharmacokinetics, modeling, and regulations. This authoritative, easy-to-use resource covers all the issues that need to be considered and provides detailed instructions for current methods and techniques. Each chapter is written by one or more leading experts in the field. These authors, representing the many disciplines involved in preclinical toxicology screening and testing, give you the tools needed to apply an effective multidisciplinary approach. The editor has carefully reviewed all the chapters to ensure that each one is thorough, accurate, and clear. Among the key topics covered are: * Modeling and informatics in drug design * Bioanalytical chemistry * Absorption of drugs after oral administration * Transporter interactions in the ADME pathway of drugs * Metabolism kinetics * Mechanisms and consequences of drug-drug interactions Each chapter offers a full exploration of problems that may be encountered and their solutions. The authors also set forth the limitations of various methods and techniques used in determining the safety and efficacy of a drug during the preclinical stage. This publication should be readily accessible to all pharmaceutical scientists involved in preclinical testing, enabling them to perform and document preclinical safety tests to meet all FDA requirements before clinical trials may begin.
Author: Dieter M. Gruen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 424
Book Description
Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) is one of the important members of the triad of nanostructured carbons, which includes fullerenes and nanotubes. UNCD with characteristic sizes of primary particles less than 10 nm occurs in two forms: as a dispersed powder made by detonation techniques and as a chemical vapor deposited film. This book for the first time combines results of research pursued by the two communities of scientists, which up to now, have been working rather independently and largely unaware of the vast synergistic relationships existing between them. It is particularly noteworthy that much of the Russian work on disperse UNCD is available here in English for the first time. The outstanding experts in the two fields are represented in this volume discussing the basic theoretical concepts underlying the synthesis and characterization of these nanomaterials and describing progress that has been made in several areas of applications such as nanocomposites, selective adsorbents, colloidal suspensions, microabrasives, lubricants, quantum dots, cold-cathodes for UNCD particles and MEMS, biosensors, electrochemical, and nerve prostheses, high temperature, highly rectifying diodes, FET’s, thermoelectrics for UNCD films. This Proceedings volume will be of interest to a wide audience of scientists and engineers and serve as an introduction to an important and rapidly evolving field of nanoscience and nanomaterials; as a text for a special topics graduate course; or as a starting point for those interested in the development of new approaches to problems that have hitherto defied solution for lack of suitable materials.
Author: Stephen Neidle Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1847555292 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 317
Book Description
Guanine rich DNA has been known for decades to form unusual structures, although their biological relevance was little understood. Recent advances have demonstrated that quadruplex structures can play a role in gene expression and provide opportunities for a new class of anticancer therapeutics. A number of quadruplex-specific proteins have also been discovered. Quadruplex Nucleic Acids discusses all aspects of the fundamentals of quadruplex structures, including their structure in solution and the crystalline state, the kinetics of quadruplex folding, and the role of cations in structure and stability. The biology of quadruplexes and G-rich genomic regions and G-quartets in supramolecular chemistry and nanoscience are also considered. Surveying the current state of knowledge, and with contributions from leading experts, this is the first comprehensive review of this rapidly growing area. Quadruplex Nucleic Acids is ideal for researchers interested in areas related to chemistry, chemical biology, medicinal chemistry, molecular pharmacology, and structural and molecular biology.
Author: Helena Dodziuk Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527608443 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 507
Book Description
Offering comprehensive and up-to-date know-how in one compact book, an experienced editor and top authors cover every aspect of these important molecules from molecular recognition to cyclodextrins as enzyme models. Chapters include reactivity and chemistry, chromatography, X-ray, NMR plus other physicochemical methods, as well as model calculations, rotaxane and catenane structures, and applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The book also discusses other applications such as in the cosmetics, toiletries, textile and wrapping industries, agrochemistry, electrochemical sensors, and devices. A must for everyone working with these substances.
Author: Michael Malkoch Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1788011325 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
An overview of the latest advances in the synthesis, characterization and applications of dendrimers and other complex dendritic architectures.
Author: Taan S. ElAli Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000180050 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
The subject of Discrete Signals and Systems is broad and deserves a single book devoted to it. The objective of this textbook is to present all the required material that an undergraduate student will need to master this subject matter and the use of MATLAB. This book is primarily intended for electrical and computer engineering students, and especially for use by juniors or seniors in these undergraduate engineering disciplines. It can also be very useful to practicing engineers. It is detailed, broad, based on mathematical basic principles, focused, and it also contains many solved problems using analytical tools as well as MATLAB. The book is ideal for a one-semester course in the area of discrete linear systems or digital signal processing, where the instructor can cover all chapters with ease. Numerous examples are presented within each chapter to illustrate each concept when and where it is presented. Most of the worked-out examples are first solved analytically and then solved using MATLAB in a clear and understandable fashion.
Author: José Manuel Cordero Hernández
Author: José Manuel Cordero Hernández
Author: C.N.R. Rao
Author: Nan Ma
Author: Shayne Cox Gad
Author: Vladimir Lesnyak
Author: Dieter M. Gruen
Author: Stephen Neidle
Author: Helena Dodziuk
Author: Michael Malkoch
Author: Taan S. ElAli