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Author: Jonathan G. McGrath Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
This dissertation describes the use of spherical core/shell type micro- and nanoparticles as building blocks for the fabrication of colloidal crystals. The polymer component used in all of the projects that are described herein is poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAm). The polymeric identity of particles composed of this soft, hydrogel material, which is also thermoresponsive, contributes to the self-assembly of such particles to form ordered structures. Chapter 2 examines a characterization technique using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to investigate the structure of particles that possess a core/shell topology. Chapters 4-6 investigate strategies to impart both hard (dense core) and soft (flexible shell) properties to the particles by using styrene as the main component in a copolymer synthesis with pNIPAm (pS- co-NIPAm particles). The resulting crystal assemblies, which could be formed by simple drying procedures, were demonstrated to be robust and their application as processable, photonic inks is also investigated. Chapter 7 examines the ability to crosslink these crystals together by simple heating methods to produce robust films, and the optical properties of these crystal films could be tuned by simple rehydration. Chapters 3 and 5 examine the synthesis and self-assembly strategies of core/shell particles using the properties of pNIPAm shell layers that have been added to different types of core particles (silver or pS-co-NIPAm) for the purposes of fabricating colloidal crystals using thermal annealing procedures. Chapter 8 explores the use of silver particles as tracers for the characterization of colloidal crystals composed of thermally annealed colloidal crystals composed of pNIPAm hydrogel particles.
Author: Jonathan G. McGrath Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
This dissertation describes the use of spherical core/shell type micro- and nanoparticles as building blocks for the fabrication of colloidal crystals. The polymer component used in all of the projects that are described herein is poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAm). The polymeric identity of particles composed of this soft, hydrogel material, which is also thermoresponsive, contributes to the self-assembly of such particles to form ordered structures. Chapter 2 examines a characterization technique using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to investigate the structure of particles that possess a core/shell topology. Chapters 4-6 investigate strategies to impart both hard (dense core) and soft (flexible shell) properties to the particles by using styrene as the main component in a copolymer synthesis with pNIPAm (pS- co-NIPAm particles). The resulting crystal assemblies, which could be formed by simple drying procedures, were demonstrated to be robust and their application as processable, photonic inks is also investigated. Chapter 7 examines the ability to crosslink these crystals together by simple heating methods to produce robust films, and the optical properties of these crystal films could be tuned by simple rehydration. Chapters 3 and 5 examine the synthesis and self-assembly strategies of core/shell particles using the properties of pNIPAm shell layers that have been added to different types of core particles (silver or pS-co-NIPAm) for the purposes of fabricating colloidal crystals using thermal annealing procedures. Chapter 8 explores the use of silver particles as tracers for the characterization of colloidal crystals composed of thermally annealed colloidal crystals composed of pNIPAm hydrogel particles.
Author: L. Andrew Lyon Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527646442 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 633
Book Description
The book provides experienced as well as young researchers with a topical view of the vibrant field of soft nanotechnology. In addition to elucidating the underlying concepts and principles that drive continued innovation, major parts of each chapter are devoted to detailed discussions of potential and already realized applications of micro- and nanogel- based materials. Examples of the diverse areas impacted by these materials are biocompatible coatings for implants, films for controlled drug release, self-healing soft materials and responsive hydrogels that react to varying pH conditions, temperature or light.
Author: Jorge L. Chávez Benavides Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
These studies suggested that the sequestered probes could interact with each other producing a dynamic quenching of the donor. Finally, we covalently attached another hydrophobic fluorescent probe to the particles to study the level of interaction with the solvent, observing that the probe preferred to react in the interior pores of the particles to reduce interaction with the polar media.
Author: Martin Hoffmann Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin ISBN: 9783832526818 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Anisotropic colloids differ from isotropic particles as they may combine a non-spherical shape with a heterogeneous composition or surface chemistry. These versatile colloids have moved into the focus of various research groups in the fields of chemistry and physics. Hence, preparation pathways for novel model systems and their characterization are challenging aspects in fundamental research and material science. In the first part of this work, the author describes the synthesis and characterization of two colloidal systems with dumbbell-shaped core-shell morphology. The core consists of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene). As a special feature, the attached shell layer promotes the change of the particle size and the aspect ratio by simply changing the ionic strength or temperature. Depolarized dynamic light scattering (DDLS) was used to investigate how these stimuli affect the translational and the rotational diffusion in the highly diluted state. The hydrodynamics of the particles could be well described with stick-boundary conditions by using analytical expressions for a double sphere, prolate ellipsoid and cylinder or the shell model, respectively. Electron and scanning force microscopy were applied to image the particle morphology in real space. The second part is devoted to the hydrodynamics of monodisperse, submicron-sized colloidal clusters, which consist of one to four spherical building blocks. The author demonstrates that the shell model is an excellent tool to identify the rotational relaxations which are accessible by DDLS.
Author: Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789853338 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
The sol-gel method is a powerful route of synthesis used worldwide. It produces bulk, nano- and mesostructured sol-gel materials, which can encapsulate metallic and magnetic nanoparticles, non-linear azochromophores, perovskites, organic dyes, biological molecules, etc.. This can have interesting applications for catalysis, photocatalysis; drug delivery for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as cancer, Parkinson's and Azheimer's. In this book, valuable contributions related to novel materials synthesized by the sol-gel route are provided. The effect of the sol-gel method to synthesize these materials with potential properties is described, and how the variation of the parameters during the synthesis influences their design and allows to adjust their properties according to the desired application is discussed.
Author: Luis M. Liz-Marzán Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306481081 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 506
Book Description
Organized nanoassemblies of inorganic nanoparticles and organic molecules are building blocks of nanodevices, whether they are designed to perform molecular level computing, sense the environment or improve the catalytic properties of a material. The key to creation of these hybrid nanostructures lies in understanding the chemistry at a fundamental level. This book serves as a reference book for researchers by providing fundamental understanding of many nanoscopic materials.
Author: Vijay B. Pawade Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0128240636 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 461
Book Description
Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications provides the basic and fundamental properties of nanoscale compound semiconductors and their role in modern technological products. The book discusses all important properties of this important category of materials such as their optical properties, size-dependent properties, and tunable properties. Key methods are reviewed, including synthesis techniques and characterization strategies. The role of compound semiconductors in the advancement of energy efficient optoelectronics and solar cell devices is also discussed. The book also touches on the photocatalytic property of the materials by doping with graphene oxides--an emerging and new pathway. - Covers all relevant types of nanoscale compound semiconductors for optoelectronics, including their synthesis, properties and applications - Provides historical context and review of emerging trends in semiconductor technology, particularly emphasizing advances in non-toxic semiconductor materials for green technologies - Reviews emerging applications of nanoscale compound semiconductor-based devices in optoelectronics, energy and environmental sustainability
Author: Satish Prakash Nayak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Colloids Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This thesis is geared towards using hydrogel nanoparticles in various biotechnological applications. The polymer that was used in making these nanoparticles was poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), which is a thermoresponsive polymer. These particles were used in making fast responsive polymer films, which can be used in optics. It was observed that the rate of deswelling increased as the concentration of the nanoparticles in the film was increased. These particles were also used in making photoresponsive materials. In this case a photoresponsive dye (malachite green) was conjugated to these nanoparticles and in presence of light of appropriate wavelength the particles undergo a phase transition. A core/shell construct was synthesized where the core was composed of degradable cross-links and the shell of composed of non-degradable cross-links. The degradable cross-linker had vicinal diols, which can be cleaved by sodium periodate. Hence after degrading the core, hollow particles were obtained. Zwitterionic particles were made by incorporating a cationic and anionic comonomer. These microgels go from a positively charged state to zwitterionic to negatively charged state on increasing the pH. One of the important potential applications for these microgels is drug delivery. Microgels were used for targeting cancer cells. Folic acid was used as the targeting ligand. The microgels were conjugated with folic acid and were able to target cells that overexpress folate receptors. In one other application core/shell microgels were made which exhibit pore-size dependent permeation of proteins.
Author: Jonathan G. McGrath
Author: Jonathan G. McGrath
Author: L. Andrew Lyon
Author: Jorge L. Chávez Benavides
Author: James A. Schwarz
Author: Martin Hoffmann
Author: Mark Douglas Edmundson
Author: Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar
Author: Luis M. Liz-Marzán
Author: Vijay B. Pawade
Author: Satish Prakash Nayak