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Author: Csorba, C. Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251386498 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
Following up on previous reports prepared for the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and acknowledging FAO’s long tradition of technical work on the management of microorganisms and invertebrates in food and agriculture, the present paper responds to the need for a detailed assessment of the state of art in the conservation and sustainable use of soil microorganisms and invertebrates. It focuses on microorganisms and invertebrates contributing to nutrient cycling and the removal of contaminants from soils. The study is based on an extensive literature review and summarizes current views on the taxonomy, conservation, use and exchange of soil microorganisms and invertebrates, highlighting knowledge gaps, needs and challenges. In order to encompass the views of a wide range of stakeholders on knowledge gaps and critical issues related to the conservation and sustainable use of these organisms, the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) circulated an invitation to complete an open online survey to several hundred researchers, institutions and organizations worldwide. Twenty-seven responses were received and evaluated. AIT also organized an online expert workshop entitled Status and Trends of Conservation of Soil Microorganisms and Invertebrates, with Emphasis on Bioremediation and Nutrient Cycling Organisms. Twenty-six international experts participated in three parallel sessions: (i) nutrient cycling in soil; (ii) bioremediation in food and agriculture systems; and (iii) conservation of microorganisms and invertebrates, practices, policies and needs. The issues raised in the survey responses and at the workshop were taken into account in the drafting of the study.
Author: Csorba, C. Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251386498 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
Following up on previous reports prepared for the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and acknowledging FAO’s long tradition of technical work on the management of microorganisms and invertebrates in food and agriculture, the present paper responds to the need for a detailed assessment of the state of art in the conservation and sustainable use of soil microorganisms and invertebrates. It focuses on microorganisms and invertebrates contributing to nutrient cycling and the removal of contaminants from soils. The study is based on an extensive literature review and summarizes current views on the taxonomy, conservation, use and exchange of soil microorganisms and invertebrates, highlighting knowledge gaps, needs and challenges. In order to encompass the views of a wide range of stakeholders on knowledge gaps and critical issues related to the conservation and sustainable use of these organisms, the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) circulated an invitation to complete an open online survey to several hundred researchers, institutions and organizations worldwide. Twenty-seven responses were received and evaluated. AIT also organized an online expert workshop entitled Status and Trends of Conservation of Soil Microorganisms and Invertebrates, with Emphasis on Bioremediation and Nutrient Cycling Organisms. Twenty-six international experts participated in three parallel sessions: (i) nutrient cycling in soil; (ii) bioremediation in food and agriculture systems; and (iii) conservation of microorganisms and invertebrates, practices, policies and needs. The issues raised in the survey responses and at the workshop were taken into account in the drafting of the study.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251383979 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
The Flexible Voluntary Contribution (FVC) 2022 annual progress report captures the key achievements of the FVC, both in terms of its role as a pooled fund for non-earmarked and softly earmarked contributions from resource partners and the implementation of development initiatives through FVC subprogrammes. The report provides a comprehensive understanding of the FVC's role within the Organization, the contribution of FVC-funded work to the achievements of FAO's four betters and their respective Programme Priority Areas (PPAs), and the future direction of the FVC based on experiences in 2022. The report comprises six sections: (1) Introduction, (2) Achievements of the FVC as a fund, (3) Achievements of FVC programmes (the four betters), (4) Key FVC principles, (5) Challenges and lessons learned, and (6) Conclusions and future actions.
Author: Nobuhiro Kaneko Publisher: Springer ISBN: 4431548041 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 287
Book Description
We are not free from environmental risks that accompany the development of human societies. Modern economic development has accelerated environmental pollution, caused loss of natural habitats, and modified landscapes. These environmental changes have impacted natural systems: water and heat circulation, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity. These changes in natural systems degrade ecosystem services and subsequently increase environmental risks for humans. Environmental risks, therefore, are not only human health risks by pollution, climatic anomalies and natural disasters, but also degradation of ecosystem services on which most people are relying for their lives. We cannot entirely eliminate the risks, because it is not possible to attain zero impact on the environment, but we need to find a mechanism that minimizes environmental risks for human sustainably. This is the idea of the interdisciplinary framework of “environmental risk management” theory, which advocates harmony between economic development and environmental conservation. Based on this theory, the Sustainable Living with Environmental Risk (SLER) programme, adopted by the Japanese Ministry of Education (MEXT) as one of its strategic programmes, has been training graduate students at the Yokohama National University, Japan, from 2009 to 2013 to become future environmental leaders who will take the initiative in reducing the level of environmental risks and in protecting natural resources in the developing nations of Asia and Africa. This book provides students and teachers of this new academic field with a comprehensive coverage of case studies of environmental risks and their practical management technologies not only in Japan but also in developing nations in Asia and Africa.
Author: Terry Gentry Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323851401 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 744
Book Description
Written by leading experts in their respective fields, Principles and Applications of Soil Microbiology 3e, provides a comprehensive, balanced introduction to soil microbiology, and captures the rapid advances in the field such as recent discoveries regarding habitats and organisms, microbially mediated transformations, and applied environmental topics. Carefully edited for ease of reading, it aids users by providing an excellent multi-authored reference, the type of book that is continually used in the field. Background information is provided in the first part of the book for ease of comprehension. The following chapters then describe such fundamental topics as soil environment and microbial processes, microbial groups and their interactions, and thoroughly addresses critical nutrient cycles and important environmental and agricultural applications. An excellent textbook and desk reference, Principles and Applications of Soil Microbiology, 3e, provides readers with broad, foundational coverage of the vast array of microorganisms that live in soil and the major biogeochemical processes they control. Soil scientists, environmental scientists, and others, including soil health and conservation specialists, will find this material invaluable for understanding the amazingly diverse world of soil microbiology, managing agricultural and environmental systems, and formulating environmental policy. Includes discussion of major microbial methods, embedded within topical chapters Includes information boxes and case studies throughout the text to illustrate major concepts and connect fundamental knowledge with potential applications Study questions at the end of each chapter allow readers to evaluate their understanding of the materials
Author: David C. Coleman Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780873719193 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
Soil Biota, Nutrient Cycling and Farming Systems is a timely reference volume that explores the relationship between soil biota and environmental and agricultural practices. It addresses topics such as agroecosystems structure and function, cycling of nutrients and soil contamination, use of soil invertebrates as soil bioindicators, application of organic matter to soil, and impact of high-input agriculture to sustainable agriculture. The book will be important for anyone studying sustainable agriculture, agroecology, soil interacting processes, crop science, environmental contamination, and landscape ecology.
Author: Ashok Kumar Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811391173 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
Microbial enzymes play a vital role in maintaining soil health and removing pollutants from contaminated land. Soil microflora is closely associated with maintaining soil fertility, and the use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers and other volatile sprays in agriculture threatens the health ofthe microbial population in the soil. Every single particle of healthy soil contains millions of bacteria, which interact with the nutrients available, sustaining the nutrient cycle and making this microflora an essential component of life on earth. How do microbes help in the nutrient cycle? Either by intracellular digestion of macromolecules and converting these into smaller units in their metabolic pathways, or by secreting enzymes into the extracellular environment to facilitate the conversion of complex macromolecules into micro-molecules that can be easily absorbed by other living species. To meet demands for energy and food for the growing global population, it is important to protect agricultural land from contamination and maintain its productivity. Heavy metal ions from contaminated land canenter crops, fish or aquatic organismsvia contaminated water, and theseare then taken up by the human body, where they can accumulate and alter the normal microflora. The microbiological component of the soil is ahighly complex system and is still not fully understood. How do microbes survive in the changing physicochemical environment of soil?. This book helps readers understand the mechanism, various routes of microbialsoil remediation, the interactionsof different genera, and how microbial enzymes support the sustainable restoration of healthy soil.
Author: Junaid Ahmad Malik Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000570274 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 351
Book Description
This 4-volume set focuses on the use of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation to clean up pollutants in soil, such as pesticides, petroleum hydrocarbons, metals, and chlorinated solvents, which reduce the soil's fertility and renders it unfit for plant growth. Volume 2: Microbial Approaches and Recent Trends focuses on new and emerging techniques and approaches to address soil pollution. These include the use of rhizobacteria, archaea, cyanobacteria, and microalgae as biofertilizers and for soil bioremediation efforts. New technologies for assessment of soil bioremediation are explored also. The chapters provide in-depth coverage of the mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages of the technologies used and highlight the use of different microbial enzymes that are used in the process of bioremediation and phytoremediation to clean up different pollutants without causing damage to the natural environment. Other volumes in the 4-volume set: • Volume 1: Fundamental Aspects and Contaminated Sites • Volume 3: Inventive Techniques, Research Methods, and Case Studies • Volume 4: Degradation of Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Together, these four volumes provide in-depth coverage of the mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages of the bioremediation and phytoremediation technologies for safe and sustainable soil management. The diverse topics help to arm biologists, agricultural engineers, environmental and soil scientists and chemists with the information and tools they need to address soil toxins that are a dangerous risk to plants, wildlife, humans and, of course, the soil itself.
Author: Dhananjaya Pratap Singh Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9813290846 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 491
Book Description
Microbial communities and their multi-functionalities play a crucial role in the management of soil and plant health, and thus help in managing agro-ecology, the environment and agriculture. Microorganisms are key players in N-fixation, nutrient acquisition, carbon sequestration, plant growth promotion, pathogen suppression, induced systemic resistance and tolerance against stresses, and these parameters are used as indicators of improved crop productivity and sustainable soil health. Beneficial belowground microbial interactions in the rhizosphere help plants combat abiotic challenges in the unfavourable environmental conditions of native soils. These microorganisms and their products offer potential solutions for agriculture in problematic areas since they are able to degrade xenobiotic compounds, pesticides and toxic chemicals and help remediate heavy metals in the rhizosphere and so make deteriorated soils suitable for crop production. This book compiles the latest research on the role of microbes in the rhizosphere and agro-ecology, covering interaction mechanisms, microbe-mediated crop production, plant and soil health management, food and nutrition, nutrient recycling, land reclamation, clean water systems, agro-waste management, biodegradation, bioremediation, biomass and bioenergy, sanitation and rural livelihood security. It is a comprehensive reference resource for agricultural activists, policymakers, environmentalists and advisors working for governments, non-governmental organizations and industries, helping them update their knowledge of this important, but often neglected, research area.
Author: Ram Chandra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780367226008 Category : Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
Microbes are the predominant form of life on the planet due to their broad range of adaptation and versatile nutritional behavior. The ability of some microbes to inhabit hostile environment incompatible with most forms of life means that their habitat defines the extent of the biosphere and delineates the barrier between the biosphere and geosphere. The direct and indirect role of microbes that include bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, viruses, mycoplasma, and protozoans are very much important in development of modern human society for food, drugs, textiles, agriculture, and environment. Furthermore, microorganisms and their enzyme system are responsible for the degradation of various organic matters. Microbes for Sustainable Development and Bioremediation emphasizes the role of microbes for sustainable development of ecosystem. Environmental microbiology role in biogeochemical cycle and bioremediation of environmental waste is major theme, which comprises the following aspects: Bacterial phytoextraction mechanism of heavy metals by native hyperaccumulator plants from complex waste-contaminated site for eco-restoration Role of microbial enzyme for eco-friendly recycling of industrial waste Field-scale remediation of crude oil-contaminated desert soil and treatment technology Microbial technology for metal recovery from e-waste printed circuit board Impact of genomic data on sustainability of ecosystem Methane monooxygenases: their regulations and applications Role of microbes in environmental sustainability and food preservation This book will be directly beneficial to researchers and classroom students, in areas of biotechnology, environmental microbiology, molecular biology, and environmental engineering with specialized collection of cutting-edge knowledge.
Author: Csorba, C.
Author: Csorba, C.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Nobuhiro Kaneko
Author: Terry Gentry
Author: David C. Coleman
Author: Ashok Kumar
Author: Junaid Ahmad Malik
Author: Dhananjaya Pratap Singh
Author: Harold P. Collins
Author: Ram Chandra