Author: Allen E. Buchanan Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521311960 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
This book is the most comprehensive treatment available of one of the most urgent problems in bioethics: decision-making for incompetents.
Author: Ben A. Rich Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306468492 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
The pervasive influence of law on medical practice and clinical bioethics is often noted with a combination of exasperation and lamentation. Physicians and non-physician bioethicists, generally speaking, consider the willingness of courts, legislatures, and regulatory agencies to insinuate themselves into clinical practice and medical research to be a distinctly negative aspect of contemporary American society. They are quick to point out that their colleagues in other Western developed nations are not similarly afflicted, and that the situation which obtains elsewhere is highly preferable to the legalization and purported over-regulation of medicine that has taken place in the United States during the last fifty years. In this book I offer a decidedly different perspective. It is, admittedly, not entirely without personal and professional bias. Prior to becoming a fu- time academic, teaching bioethics in the setting of an academic medical center, I was, for nearly 20 years, an attorney specializing in health law. Even after earning a doctorate in philosophy, I was frequently considered to be the “resident lawyer” on the bioethics faculty, much more frequently looked to for my insights on the law than my perspective as one who had formally studied moral philosophy and applied ethics. I note this not out ofa sense of frustration or disappointment, but as confirmation that even among physicians and n- physician bioethicists, there is widespread recognition that the law does have important contributions to make in assessing the practice ofmedicine and the conduct of medical research.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309303133 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 470
Book Description
For patients and their loved ones, no care decisions are more profound than those made near the end of life. Unfortunately, the experience of dying in the United States is often characterized by fragmented care, inadequate treatment of distressing symptoms, frequent transitions among care settings, and enormous care responsibilities for families. According to this report, the current health care system of rendering more intensive services than are necessary and desired by patients, and the lack of coordination among programs increases risks to patients and creates avoidable burdens on them and their families. Dying in America is a study of the current state of health care for persons of all ages who are nearing the end of life. Death is not a strictly medical event. Ideally, health care for those nearing the end of life harmonizes with social, psychological, and spiritual support. All people with advanced illnesses who may be approaching the end of life are entitled to access to high-quality, compassionate, evidence-based care, consistent with their wishes. Dying in America evaluates strategies to integrate care into a person- and family-centered, team-based framework, and makes recommendations to create a system that coordinates care and supports and respects the choices of patients and their families. The findings and recommendations of this report will address the needs of patients and their families and assist policy makers, clinicians and their educational and credentialing bodies, leaders of health care delivery and financing organizations, researchers, public and private funders, religious and community leaders, advocates of better care, journalists, and the public to provide the best care possible for people nearing the end of life.
Author: Angela Georgia Catic Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319440845 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
This book is designed to present an overview of common geriatrics ethical issues that arise during patient care and research activities. Each chapter includes a case example and practical learning pearls that are useful in day-to-day patient care. Coverage includes a brief overview of geriatric epidemiology, highlighting the high rates of dementia, use of surrogate decisions makers at the end-of-life, relocation from home to long-term care facilities, and low health literacy in the geriatrics population. Sections are devoted to issues around capacity, surrogate decision making, end-of-life care, hemodialysis in the elderly, and futility as well as challenges presented by independence questions, such as dementia care, driving, feeding, and intimacy in nursing homes. The text also addresses questions around recognizing, reporting, and treating elder abuse and self-neglect, ethics related to research and technology in the geriatric population, and the use of e-mail, Facebook, and open notes. Written by experts in the field, Ethical Considerations and Challenges in Geriatrics is a valuable tool for trainees at a variety of levels including medical students, residents, and fellows. In addition, it provides practical guidance and a useful reference for practicing geriatricians, primary care physicians, geriatric nurses, social workers, nursing home workers, hospice care employees, and all medical health professionals working with the elderly.
Author: Barbara Birriel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the process of surrogate decision-making during critical illness. The specific aims of the study were to describe the process of surrogate decision-making for critically ill adult patients, including surrogate decision-makers cognitive and moral decision-making processes and to develop a model explaining the process. Background: Critically ill patients are often unable to make independent decisions about their health care, requiring a family member to serve as surrogate decision-maker. Decisions made by surrogates affect not only their individual situations, but have implications for the health care system and society as a whole. The majority of work on surrogate decision-making has been related to chronic or slow progressing illness but little is known about the experiences of surrogate decision-makers during critical illness. Methods: A prospective qualitative approach was used based in grounded theory. The setting included four intensive care units (ICUs) in a large university medical center. The sample consisted of 19 surrogate decision-makers (as identified on patient record) of critically ill patients in the acute phase of critical illness who were unable to make independent health care decisions. Participants were interviewed on enrollment and 14 days later, or at the time the patient for whom they were making decisions was transferred from the ICU if sooner than 14 days. The interviews explored participants cognitive and moral decision-making processes. An interview guide framed the interviews, though participants were encouraged to speak freely. Data analysis was completed per the tenets of grounded theory, beginning with the first interview and concluding when data saturation was achieved.Results: A model of the Process of Surrogate Decision-Making in Critical Illness was developed, grounded in the data, to explain the process of surrogate decision-making in the context of acute critical illness. Four major themes emerged from the data and are included in the model: Understanding the Patients Values and Preferences, Acquiring Health Care Knowledge, Considering Family Perspectives, and Recognizing Personal Values. The overarching theme that explains the connections between the themes is Integration. Conclusions: The findings of this study bring a new perspective to surrogate decision-making during critical illness, intertwining the cognitive and moral processes. Through integration of the four identified themes, the surrogate decision-maker reaches decisions based on a broader understanding of the factors involved. Nurses are well positioned to assist surrogates through this process during the critical illness of a family member. The model of the Process of Surrogate Decision-Making in Critical Illness forms a basis for education of nurses and other healthcare providers and the development of intervention studies to optimize the results of the surrogate decision-making process.
Author: Vassyl A. Lonchyna Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030846253 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 743
Book Description
This book provides a detailed guide to the ethical considerations involved when making decisions in surgery. Chapters feature a uniform format, which feature a case that represents a real-life problem, discussion of the medical indications of that issue, the latest available medical solutions, and related ethical considerations. In some cases, more in-depth debate is provided on why a particular decision should or should not be made based-upon ethical principles. Information boxes containing key statements and relevant data in clear easy-to-digest tables facilitates the reader in being able to assimilate the most important points covered in each chapter. Difficult Decisions in Surgical Ethics: An Evidence-Based Approach is a thorough review of ethical considerations in a range of surgical scenarios encompassing both adult and pediatric topics, training surgical residents, ethical care during a pandemic, critical care, palliative care, sensitivity to religious and ethnic mores, clinical research, and innovation. It is intended to be a vital resource for practicing and trainee surgeons seeking a comprehensive up-to-date resource on ethical topics in surgical practice. The work is part of the Difficult Decisions in Surgery series covering a range of surgical specialties.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309448093 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 367
Book Description
Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.
Author: Jean-Louis Vincent Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783540922759 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 998
Book Description
The Yearbook compiles the most recent developments in experimental and clinical research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine. It is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine.
Author: Catherine Robichaux, PhD, RN, CCRN, CNS Publisher: Springer Publishing Company ISBN: 0826126383 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
This is a unique, innovative professional nursing ethics textbook designed specifically for all practicing nurses and to meet the educational needs of all nursing students, including RN to BSN and RN to MSN students. Written by experts in the field, it discusses ethical concepts relevant to the registered nurse who has practiced for several years but is learning higher level concepts and applications. This text addresses different areas of professional practice and is rich with case studies illustrating the need for ethical competence and decision making. The book fulfills the necessary criteria for the AACN Essentials for Baccalaureate Education and the QSEN and IOM competencies. It also integrates relevant provisions and statements from the revised Code for Nurses (ANA, 2015). Clear and concise, the text relates content to the nurse's current practice and introduces a framework for the development of ethical competence, from recognition of an ethical situation to implementation of a justifiable action. A decision-making model that includes elements of care and virtue ethics is also included. Essential communication and conflict skills are addressed, in addition to the role of the ethics committee and ethics consultation. The book discusses common ethical issues likely to be encountered, how to recognize and address moral distress, and ethical practice as it relates to research, quality, and safety. Case studies that incorporate evidence-informed research provide the opportunity to develop ethical skills and apply decisionmaking principles. Relevant QSEN competencies and provisions and statements from the ANA's revised Code for Nurses (2015) are featured in each chapter. Interactive exercises and questions and PowerPoints provide further opportunity for critical thinking. KEY FEATURES: Addresses the specific needs of practicing nurses and students in the RN to BSN and RN to MSN courses Fulfills AACN Essentials, IOM competencies, and QSEN KSAs Integrates relevant provisions and statements from the revised Code for Nurses (ANA, 2015) Builds upon previous practice experience Discusses ethical competence in a variety of practice environments Includes case studies to apply ethical competencies
Author: Allen E. Buchanan
Author: 
Author: Ben A. Rich
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Angela Georgia Catic
Author: Barbara Birriel
Author: Vassyl A. Lonchyna
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Jean-Louis Vincent
Author: Catherine Robichaux, PhD, RN, CCRN, CNS