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Author: Andrew Welsh Publisher: ISBN: 9781904752691 Category : Surgical wound infections Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
Infections that occur in the wound created by an invasive surgical procedure are generally referred to as surgical site infections (SSIs). SSIs are one of the most important causes of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). A prevalence survey undertaken in 2006 suggested that approximately 8% of patients in hospital in the UK have an HCAI. SSIs accounted for 14% of these infections and nearly 5% of patients who had undergone a surgical procedure were found to have developed an SSI. However, prevalence studies tend to underestimate SSI because many of these infections occur after the patient has been discharged from hospital. SSIs are associated with considerable morbidity and it has been reported that over one-third of postoperative deaths are related, at least in part, to SSI. However, it is important to recognise that SSIs can range from a relatively trivial wound discharge with no other complications to a life-threatening condition. Other clinical outcomes of SSIs include poor scars that are cosmetically unacceptable, such as those that are spreading, hypertrophic or keloid, persistent pain and itching, restriction of movement, particularly when over joints, and a significant impact on emotional wellbeing. SSI can double the length of time a patient stays in hospital and thereby increase the costs of health care. Additional costs attributable to SSI of between £814 and £6626 have been reported depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the infection. The main additional costs are related to re-operation, extra nursing care and interventions, and drug treatment costs. The indirect costs, due to loss of productivity, patient dissatisfaction and litigation, and reduced quality of life, have been studied less extensively.
Author: Andrew Welsh Publisher: ISBN: 9781904752691 Category : Surgical wound infections Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
Infections that occur in the wound created by an invasive surgical procedure are generally referred to as surgical site infections (SSIs). SSIs are one of the most important causes of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). A prevalence survey undertaken in 2006 suggested that approximately 8% of patients in hospital in the UK have an HCAI. SSIs accounted for 14% of these infections and nearly 5% of patients who had undergone a surgical procedure were found to have developed an SSI. However, prevalence studies tend to underestimate SSI because many of these infections occur after the patient has been discharged from hospital. SSIs are associated with considerable morbidity and it has been reported that over one-third of postoperative deaths are related, at least in part, to SSI. However, it is important to recognise that SSIs can range from a relatively trivial wound discharge with no other complications to a life-threatening condition. Other clinical outcomes of SSIs include poor scars that are cosmetically unacceptable, such as those that are spreading, hypertrophic or keloid, persistent pain and itching, restriction of movement, particularly when over joints, and a significant impact on emotional wellbeing. SSI can double the length of time a patient stays in hospital and thereby increase the costs of health care. Additional costs attributable to SSI of between £814 and £6626 have been reported depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the infection. The main additional costs are related to re-operation, extra nursing care and interventions, and drug treatment costs. The indirect costs, due to loss of productivity, patient dissatisfaction and litigation, and reduced quality of life, have been studied less extensively.
Author: Jaime Arias, Maria-Angeles Aller and Jose-Ignacio Arias Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers ISBN: 1608057852 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
This monograph offers the reader an integrated point-of-view about the inflammatory response related to injury, infections and tumors. This integration is based on the hypothesis that the multiple pathophysiological mechanisms making up inflammation represent the re-expression of ontogenic mechanisms during early embryo development as well as the recapitulation of ancestral phylogenetic mechanisms. The relevance of the anti-inflammatory treatments is also highlighted with respect to polytraumatic patients, advances in stem cell research, embryology and the wound healing mechanism. Readers of this book will have the chance of gaining a unique perspective about of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the multiple inflammatory conditions. This integrative concept about inflammation can be applied in biological investigation, as well as in clinical research and translational medicine.
Author: D. Neil Granger Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1615041656 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 99
Book Description
The microcirculation is highly responsive to, and a vital participant in, the inflammatory response. All segments of the microvasculature (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) exhibit characteristic phenotypic changes during inflammation that appear to be directed toward enhancing the delivery of inflammatory cells to the injured/infected tissue, isolating the region from healthy tissue and the systemic circulation, and setting the stage for tissue repair and regeneration. The best characterized responses of the microcirculation to inflammation include impaired vasomotor function, reduced capillary perfusion, adhesion of leukocytes and platelets, activation of the coagulation cascade, and enhanced thrombosis, increased vascular permeability, and an increase in the rate of proliferation of blood and lymphatic vessels. A variety of cells that normally circulate in blood (leukocytes, platelets) or reside within the vessel wall (endothelial cells, pericytes) or in the perivascular space (mast cells, macrophages) are activated in response to inflammation. The activation products and chemical mediators released from these cells act through different well-characterized signaling pathways to induce the phenotypic changes in microvessel function that accompany inflammation. Drugs that target a specific microvascular response to inflammation, such as leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion or angiogenesis, have shown promise in both the preclinical and clinical studies of inflammatory disease. Future research efforts in this area will likely identify new avenues for therapeutic intervention in inflammation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Historical Perspectives / Anatomical Considerations / Impaired Vasomotor Responses / Capillary Perfusion / Angiogenesis / Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Adhesion / Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions / Coagulation and Thrombosis / Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction / Epilogue / References
Author: Urs Munzinger Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642188168 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
Primary knee arthroplasty (PKA) has a long history and modern mobile bearing knee implants are successfully implanted worldwide since 1977. Primary Knee Arthroplasty focuses on basic science, personal surgical experiences, clinical, functional and radiographic outcomes of PKA, with special focus on challenging knees such as severe varus and valgus deformities with associated bone defects, fixed flexion deformities, soft tissue contractures, and arthrodesed knees. Patella treatment with or without resurfacing is addressed in great detail. Early criterion-based rehabilitation and the patient’s return to participating in sports are discussed as is the management of prosthetic or surgery related complications. Lavishly illustrated to complement the text, Primary Knee Arthroplasty is a ‘must-have’ for all practicing knee replacement surgeons, orthopedic surgeons in training, orthopedic nurses, and physiotherapists with a special interest in knee arthroplasty. Tips and tricks provided by experienced knee surgeons are indispensable for daily clinical practice.
Author: Trisha Peel Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319652508 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
This book outlines the most updated clinical guidelines that are vital for the prevention infections and care of patients with joint infections following a replacement surgery, one of the highest volume medical interventions globally. Sections address the diagnosis, management approaches and prevention of prosthetic joint infections. Written by experts in the field, this text provides a brief overview of the literature and current recommendations in each of the specified areas. Given the rapidly evolving state-of-play in this clinical area, this compendium grows increasingly important to clinicians in their management decisions. Prosthetic Joint Infections is a valuable resource for infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, surgeons, and orthopedic specialists who may work with patients with prosthetic joint infections.
Author: Robert Fitridge Publisher: University of Adelaide Press ISBN: 1922064009 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 589
Book Description
New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.
Author: Edmo Atique Gabriel Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447144295 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 433
Book Description
In recent years, The impact of the inflammatory response in cardiovascular surgery has been a focus of much attention within the field of cardiac surgery. Despite that, scientific research on the topic is still lacking in the health science literature. To develop the bank of information available to all involved in the field, the Editors of this book have assembled a group of leading experts to investigate the most current and exciting topics related to inflammation and cardiovascular surgery. As such Inflammatory Response in Cardiovascular Surgery is vital reading for all involved in the management of cardiovascular surgical patients, such as cardiovascular and transplant surgeons, anesthesiologists, intensive care physicians, cardiovascular and vascular fellows, and researchers.
Author: Andrew Welsh
Author: Andrew Welsh
Author: Jaime Arias, Maria-Angeles Aller and Jose-Ignacio Arias
Author: John Thomson (M.D.)
Author: D. Neil Granger
Author: Urs Munzinger
Author: Trisha Peel
Author: Robert Fitridge
Author: George T. Morgan
Author: John Scott (Surgeon to the London Ophthalmic Infirmary.)
Author: Edmo Atique Gabriel