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Author: Erick Salvador Vasquez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Nanoparticles Languages : en Pages : 238
Book Description
Nanoparticle-based technologies are an emerging field with the promise to impact a wide range of application areas. However, that potential is somewhat married to a host of research questions that remain to be answered. This work explores the surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles in a controlled fashion to produce hybrid nanoparticle (metal/polymer) systems with different morphologies, understand in-situ behavior of stimuli-responsive polymers grafted to a substrate, and obtain better computational methods for particle-tracking and -deposition. Nanoparticle surface modification was performed using ATRP, obtaining homo-, block-co-, and 'two-faced/biphasic' polymer structures on the nanoparticle surfaces. Biphasic Janus nanoparticles (JPs) were formed using a magnetic nanoparticle core and an innovative technique combining non-covalent solid protection with sequential controlled radical polymerization to form the two surface-grafted polymer phases. Surface-confined polymerizations were conducted using pH- and thermo-responsive materials. Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and a series of (aminoalkyl) methacrylate polymers were used as pH responsive polymers. Additionally, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) was selected as the thermo-responsive material for this study. In-situ characterization techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ellipsometry, were used to evaluate the thermo- and pH-responsiveness of these stimuli responsive materials. A new general-oscillator (GENOSC) model was used to determine swelling ratio, thickness, and optical constant changes in the polymer brush as pH was changed in-situ. AFM was used to study morphological changes due to changes in pH and temperature. Nanoparticle temperature responsiveness was investigated using DLS. A related effort involved the use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods to track (micron-sized) particles in certain geometries, including a human lung morphology. Predicted particle transport and deposition was compared to Lagrangian computational approaches and available experimental data. The Eulerian particle phase modeling method developed resulted in the accurate prediction of both near-wall particle tracking and wall deposition. This Eulerian-Eulerian model is a new tool that has potential for particle tracking in physiological morphologies. This combination of experimental and computational research has led to new nano- and micro-particle surface modification methods and particle transport modeling.
Author: Erick Salvador Vasquez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Nanoparticles Languages : en Pages : 238
Book Description
Nanoparticle-based technologies are an emerging field with the promise to impact a wide range of application areas. However, that potential is somewhat married to a host of research questions that remain to be answered. This work explores the surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles in a controlled fashion to produce hybrid nanoparticle (metal/polymer) systems with different morphologies, understand in-situ behavior of stimuli-responsive polymers grafted to a substrate, and obtain better computational methods for particle-tracking and -deposition. Nanoparticle surface modification was performed using ATRP, obtaining homo-, block-co-, and 'two-faced/biphasic' polymer structures on the nanoparticle surfaces. Biphasic Janus nanoparticles (JPs) were formed using a magnetic nanoparticle core and an innovative technique combining non-covalent solid protection with sequential controlled radical polymerization to form the two surface-grafted polymer phases. Surface-confined polymerizations were conducted using pH- and thermo-responsive materials. Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and a series of (aminoalkyl) methacrylate polymers were used as pH responsive polymers. Additionally, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) was selected as the thermo-responsive material for this study. In-situ characterization techniques, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ellipsometry, were used to evaluate the thermo- and pH-responsiveness of these stimuli responsive materials. A new general-oscillator (GENOSC) model was used to determine swelling ratio, thickness, and optical constant changes in the polymer brush as pH was changed in-situ. AFM was used to study morphological changes due to changes in pH and temperature. Nanoparticle temperature responsiveness was investigated using DLS. A related effort involved the use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods to track (micron-sized) particles in certain geometries, including a human lung morphology. Predicted particle transport and deposition was compared to Lagrangian computational approaches and available experimental data. The Eulerian particle phase modeling method developed resulted in the accurate prediction of both near-wall particle tracking and wall deposition. This Eulerian-Eulerian model is a new tool that has potential for particle tracking in physiological morphologies. This combination of experimental and computational research has led to new nano- and micro-particle surface modification methods and particle transport modeling.
Author: Melanie Bergmann Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319165100 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 456
Book Description
This book describes how man-made litter, primarily plastic, has spread into the remotest parts of the oceans and covers all aspects of this pollution problem from the impacts on wildlife and human health to socio-economic and political issues. Marine litter is a prime threat to marine wildlife, habitats and food webs worldwide. The book illustrates how advanced technologies from deep-sea research, microbiology and mathematic modelling as well as classic beach litter counts by volunteers contributed to the broad awareness of marine litter as a problem of global significance. The authors summarise more than five decades of marine litter research, which receives growing attention after the recent discovery of great oceanic garbage patches and the ubiquity of microscopic plastic particles in marine organisms and habitats. In 16 chapters, authors from all over the world have created a universal view on the diverse field of marine litter pollution, the biological impacts, dedicated research activities, and the various national and international legislative efforts to combat this environmental problem. They recommend future research directions necessary for a comprehensive understanding of this environmental issue and the development of efficient management strategies. This book addresses scientists, and it provides a solid knowledge base for policy makers, NGOs, and the broader public.
Author: T. J. Aitchison Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9781118412725 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
The first book to discuss surface functionalization of nanomaterials, Surface Modification of Nano-Sized Materials for Advanced Applications provides an overview of the current advances in surface modified nano-sized materials, including preparation, synthesis, and applications of these modern day materials. The authors provide materials chemists and scientists, polymer scientists, physical and surface chemists, chemical engineers, and medicinal chemists with a timely overview of surface-modified nanofillers and nano-sized materials in the preparation of composite and hybrid materials. The text also describes the unique properties that nanofillers, nano-sized materials, and composite materials exhibit.
Author: Satya Bir Singh Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000400697 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
This new volume offers a state-of-the-art report on various recent scientific developments in the theory of engineering materials. It addresses the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures.Focusing on practical applications and industry needs, and supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background, the volume provides an overview of approaches that have been developed for designing nanostructured materials. It also covers several aspects of the simulation and design of nanomaterials, analyzed by a selected group of active researchers in the field. The volume also looks at how the advancement of computational tools have enabled nanoscopic prediction of physical and chemical properties and how they can be used to simulate and analyze nanostructures.Materials Modeling for Macro to Micro/Nano Scale Systems is addressed to a wide readership and will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference source for professionals including engineers, applied mathematicians, and others working on different application of nanomaterials in engineering.
Author: Suman Chakraborty Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466501987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 359
Book Description
The advancements in micro- and nano-fabrication techniques, especially in the last couple of decades, have led research communities, over the world, to invest unprecedented levels of attention on the science and technology of micro- and nano-scale devices and the concerned applications. With an intense focus on micro- and nanotechnology from a flui
Author: Niki Kringos Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9789400768772 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The micro- and nano-modification of infrastructure materials and the associated multi-scale characterization and simulation has the potential to open up whole new uses and classes of materials, with wide-ranging implications for society. The use of multi-scale characterization and simulation brings the ability to target changes at the very small scale that predictably effect the bulk behavior of the material and thus allowing for the optimization of material behavior and performance. The International RILEM Symposium on Multi-Scale Modeling and Characterization of Infrastructure Materials (Stockholm, June 10-12, 2013) brought together key researchers from around the world to present their findings and ongoing research in this field in a focused environment with extended discussion times. From asphalt to concrete, from chemistry to mechanics, from nano- to macro-scale: the collection of topics covered by the Symposium represents the width and depth of the currently ongoing efforts of developing more sustainable infrastructure materials. Researchers, practitioners, undergraduates and graduate students engaged in infrastructure materials or multi-scale characterization and modeling efforts can use this book as a comprehensive reference, to learn about the currently ongoing research efforts in this field or as an inspiration for new research ideas to enhance the long-term performance of infrastructure materials from a fundamental perspective. The Symposium was held under the auspices of the RILEM Technical Committee on Nanotechnology-Based Bituminous Materials 231-NBM and the Transport Research Board (TRB) Technical Committee on Characteristics of Asphalt Materials AFK20.
Author: Fuqian Yang Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387787011 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
Nanoscale and nanostructured materials have exhibited different physical properties from the corresponding macroscopic coarse-grained materials due to the size confinement. As a result, there is a need for new techniques to probe the mechanical behavior of advanced materials on the small scales. Micro and Nano Mechanical Testing of Materials and Devices presents the latest advances in the techniques of mechanical testing on the micro- and nanoscales, which are necessary for characterizing the mechanical properties of low-dimensional materials and structures. Written by a group of internationally recognized authors, this book covers topics such as: Techniques for micro- and nano- mechanical characterization; Size effects in the indentation plasticity; Characterization of low-dimensional structure including nanobelts and nanotubes; Characterization of smart materials, including piezoelectric materials and shape memory alloys; Analysis and modeling of the deformation of carbon-nanotubes. Micro and Nano Mechanical Testing of Materials and Devices is a valuable resource for engineers and researchers working in the area of mechanical characterization of advanced materials.
Author: Joao B. Sousa Publisher: William Andrew ISBN: 0323461247 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
Transport Phenomena in Micro- and Nanoscale Functional Materials and Devices offers a pragmatic view on transport phenomena for micro- and nanoscale materials and devices, both as a research tool and as a means to implant new functions in materials. Chapters emphasize transport properties (TP) as a research tool at the micro/nano level and give an experimental view on underlying techniques. The relevance of TP is highlighted through the interplay between a micro/nanocarrier's characteristics and media characteristics: long/short-range order and disorder excitations, couplings, and in energy conversions. Later sections contain case studies on the role of transport properties in functional nanomaterials. This includes transport in thin films and nanostructures, from nanogranular films, to graphene and 2D semiconductors and spintronics, and from read heads, MRAMs and sensors, to nano-oscillators and energy conversion, from figures of merit, micro-coolers and micro-heaters, to spincaloritronics. - Presents a pragmatic description of electrical transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials and devices from an experimental viewpoint - Provides an in-depth overview of the experimental techniques available to measure transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials - Features case studies to illustrate how each technique works - Highlights emerging areas of interest in micro- and nanomaterial transport phenomena, including spintronics
Author: Vikas Mittal Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527334564 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 243
Book Description
A review of the various methodologies for the surface treatment of different types of inorganic spherical and fibrous fillers, describing ball milling, cationic polymerization, vapor phase grafting, plasma treatment and UV irradiation in detail. In addition, the book connects the resulting composite properties to the modified filler surface properties, thus allowing for a purposeful, application-oriented composite design.
Author: Angel Yanguas-Gil Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319246720 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 135
Book Description
This book will address the application of gas phase thin film methods, including techniques such as evaporation, sputtering, CVD, and ALD to the synthesis of materials on nanostructured and high aspect-ratio high surface area materials. We have chosen to introduce these topics and the different application fields from a chronological perspective: we start with the early concepts of step coverage and later conformality in semiconductor manufacturing, and how later on the range of application branched out to include others such as energy storage, catalysis, and more broadly nanomaterials synthesis. The book will describe the ballistic and continuum descriptions of gas transport on nanostructured materials and then will move on to incorporate the impact of precursor-surface interaction. We will finally conclude approaching the subjects of feature shape evolution and the connection between nano and reactor scales and will briefly present different advanced algorithms that can be used to effectively compute particle transport, in some cases borrowing from other disciplines such as radiative heat transfer. The book gathers in a single place information scattered over thirty years of scientific research, including the most recent results in the field of Atomic Layer Deposition. Besides a mathematical description of the fundamentals of thin film growth in nanostructured materials, it includes analytic expressions and plots that can be used to predict the growth using gas phase synthesis methods in a number of ideal approximations. The focus on the fundamental aspects over particular processes will broaden the appeal and the shelf lifetime of this book. The reader of this book will gain a thorough understanding on the coating of high surface area and nanostructured materials using gas phase thin film deposition methods, including the limitations of each technique. Those coming from the theoretical side will gain the knowledge required to model the growth process, while those readers more interested in the process development will gain the theoretical understanding will be useful for process optimization.
Author: Erick Salvador Vasquez
Author: Erick Salvador Vasquez
Author: Melanie Bergmann
Author: T. J. Aitchison
Author: Satya Bir Singh
Author: Suman Chakraborty
Author: Niki Kringos
Author: Fuqian Yang
Author: Joao B. Sousa
Author: Vikas Mittal
Author: Angel Yanguas-Gil