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Author: Visham Appadoo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The work described in this thesis focuses on (i) the development of materials and approaches for the surface-mediated gene delivery using DNA-containing polyelectrolyte films, and (ii) the design of covalently-bonded hydrolytically degradable assemblies fabricated using PVDMA-based polymers. The work in the first section was built upon several past reports from our group on the design of thin films for delivery of DNA in vitro and in vivo, on a wide range of timescales. These materials have the potential to be useful in therapeutic contexts and as tools in biomedical research. Specifically, the work reported here investigates polyelectrolyte multilayers fabricated using layer-by-layer assembly processes driven by intermolecular interactions. The first section describes the design and characterization of thin films that release plasmid DNA linearly over a period of 2-3 months in solution. At the other extreme of timescales, we sought to develop materials that could release DNA into solution or transfer DNA to soft hydrogel surfaces and soft animal tissue at short sub-minute durations. Rapid film disruption was induced by layers of poly(acrylic acid), a weak polyelectrolyte, when the pH was changed. Design principles for rapid contact transfer of DNA to soft surfaces were developed for films fabricated using degradable and non-degradable polyamines. We also designed and characterized an alternate platform for contact transfer that relied on rapidly erodible, sacrificial hydrogen-bonded multilayers to 'release' the DNA-containing films to solution or to a secondary surface. In each case, selected coatings were fabricated on the surfaces of inflatable balloon catheters and investigated in vivo using rat and pig animal models. The second section was focused on novel covalently crosslinked soft material assemblies (films, gels, and capsules) that were hydrolytically degradable in aqueous environments. Azlactone-based covalently crosslinked soft materials were designed to be hydrolytically degradable through the cleavage of ester or acetal linkages. The materials could also be modified post-fabrication using different primary amines, in ways that could be used to tune their physicochemical properties.
Author: Visham Appadoo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The work described in this thesis focuses on (i) the development of materials and approaches for the surface-mediated gene delivery using DNA-containing polyelectrolyte films, and (ii) the design of covalently-bonded hydrolytically degradable assemblies fabricated using PVDMA-based polymers. The work in the first section was built upon several past reports from our group on the design of thin films for delivery of DNA in vitro and in vivo, on a wide range of timescales. These materials have the potential to be useful in therapeutic contexts and as tools in biomedical research. Specifically, the work reported here investigates polyelectrolyte multilayers fabricated using layer-by-layer assembly processes driven by intermolecular interactions. The first section describes the design and characterization of thin films that release plasmid DNA linearly over a period of 2-3 months in solution. At the other extreme of timescales, we sought to develop materials that could release DNA into solution or transfer DNA to soft hydrogel surfaces and soft animal tissue at short sub-minute durations. Rapid film disruption was induced by layers of poly(acrylic acid), a weak polyelectrolyte, when the pH was changed. Design principles for rapid contact transfer of DNA to soft surfaces were developed for films fabricated using degradable and non-degradable polyamines. We also designed and characterized an alternate platform for contact transfer that relied on rapidly erodible, sacrificial hydrogen-bonded multilayers to 'release' the DNA-containing films to solution or to a secondary surface. In each case, selected coatings were fabricated on the surfaces of inflatable balloon catheters and investigated in vivo using rat and pig animal models. The second section was focused on novel covalently crosslinked soft material assemblies (films, gels, and capsules) that were hydrolytically degradable in aqueous environments. Azlactone-based covalently crosslinked soft materials were designed to be hydrolytically degradable through the cleavage of ester or acetal linkages. The materials could also be modified post-fabrication using different primary amines, in ways that could be used to tune their physicochemical properties.
Author: Catherine Picart Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527335897 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 595
Book Description
The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique is a versatile approach for preparing nanoscale multimaterial films: the fabrication of multicomposite films by the LbL procedure allows the combination of literally hundreds of different materials with nanometer thickness in a single device to obtain novel or superior performance. In the last 15 years the LbL technique has seen considerable developments and has now reached a point where it is beginning to find applications in bioengineering and biomedical engineering. The book gives a thorough overview of applications of the LbL technique in the context of bioengineering and biomedical engineering where the last years have witnessed tremendous progress. The first part familiarizes the reader with the specifics of cell-film interactions that need to be taken into account for successful application of the LbL method in biological environments. The second part focuses on LbL-derived small drug delivery systems and antibacterial agents, and the third part covers nano- and microcapsules as drug carriers and biosensors. The fourth and last part focuses on larger-scale biomedical applications of the LbL method such as engineered tissues and implant coatings.
Author: Yan Yu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
The work described in this thesis is focused on the design of DNA-containing, polymerbased thin films that provide spatial and temporal control over the release and contact transfer of transcriptionally active DNA from surfaces. These materials are of both fundamental interest and potential practical utility in the areas of biomedicine and biotechnology. Specifically, the work reported here investigates polymer-based films (or 'polyelectrolyte multilayers') fabricated using layer-by-layer assembly processes driven by ionic interactions between positively charged polymers and negatively charged DNA, leading to thin 'multilayers'. When designed appropriately, these multilayers can be induced to erode, disintegrate, or delaminate from the surfaces on which they are fabricated to release or transfer DNA or DNA/polymer aggregates to surrounding environments (to degrees that can be varied or tuned by manipulating structural features of the component polymers or varying assembly protocols and film architectures). The multilayers described here were designed using two different approaches. The first approach involved the fabrication of DNA-containing multilayers using a model hydrolytically degradable polyamine to promote film disassembly and transfer in physiologically relevant environments. The potential of these coatings to promote the local contact transfer of DNA to arterial tissue and promote the expression of a potential therapeutic gene in vivo was investigated using inflatable catheter balloons coated with these degradable multilayers and a rat model of arterial injury. The second approach was focused on the design and characterization of multilayers that promote the rapid release or contact transfer of DNA when exposed to physiologically relevant media or pressed into contact with tissue or other soft materials. That work focused on the incorporation of the weak polyelectrolyte poly(acrylic acid) into the structures of multilayers to affect rapid and tunable changes in ionic interactions and, thereby, rapid destabilization or delamination upon exposure to media of physiological pH. The ability of these quick-release coatings to promote the rapid release and contact-transfer of DNA in vivo and in controlled model environments was characterized using film-coated catheter balloons and arrays of stainless steel microneedles to demonstrate proof-of-concept and evaluate the potential utility of these new materials in two applied contexts.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The work described in this thesis focuses on the evaluation of synthetic organic materials to either (i) mediate the delivery of DNA from thin polymer films on surfaces or (ii) create functional coatings on surfaces with potential biomedical applications related to drug delivery and cell adhesion. In both cases, layer-by-layer fabrication was used to assemble films on surfaces through the iterative immersion of substrates in alternating solutions of complementary functionality (e.g. alternating solutions of polycations and polyanions or alternating solutions of organic materials possessing nucleophilic or electrophilic functional groups in order to create polyelectrolyte and covalent multilayers, respectively). The DNA-related studies build upon previous work demonstrating that films fabricated using a hydrolytically degradable cationic polymer can release DNA over a period of one to two days and promote transgene expression both in vitro and in vivo. Chapter 2 reports the synthesis of a fluorescently end-labeled degradable cationic polymer and its application to characterize the erosion of polyelectrolyte multilayers fabricated using a model polyanion. Chapter 3 used this fluorescently labeled cationic polymer to provide more direct insight into fundamental interactions between the polymer and DNA during release from films and during trafficking by cells in vitro. The results of this chapter suggest that the polymer components of these films can play a role in promoting cellular uptake and trafficking of DNA. Chapter 4 characterized the application of this DNA-containing film system to deliver DNA encoding a potential therapeutic protein to investigate the extent to which this method of delivery could be used to reduce intimal hyperplasia in arterial tissue of rats after balloon-mediated injury. The results of this study provide guidance for the development of degradable polyelectrolyte multilayered thin films for the surface-mediated delivery of DNA. Chapter 5 demonstrated layer-by-layer fabrication of covalent films using a branched polyamine and small molecule pentacrylate to yield films possessing hydrolytically degradable ester bonds. These films were subsequently functionalized using unreacted acrylate groups to control film hydrophobicity and cell adhesion and provided a platform for the release of covalently attached molecules upon incubation in aqueous media.
Author: Wolfgang Knoll Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527638490 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1107
Book Description
Very thin film materials have emerged as a highly interesting and useful quasi 2D-state functionality. They have given rise to numerous applications ranging from protective and smart coatings to electronics, sensors and display technology as well as serving biological, analytical and medical purposes. The tailoring of polymer film properties and functions has become a major research field. As opposed to the traditional treatise on polymer and resin-based coatings, this one-stop reference is the first to give readers a comprehensive view of the latest macromolecular and supramolecular film-based nanotechnology. Bringing together all the important facets and state-of-the-art research, the two well-structured volumes cover film assembly and depostion, functionality and patterning, and analysis and characterization. The result is an in-depth understanding of the phenomena, ordering, scale effects, fabrication, and analysis of polymer ultrathin films. This book will be a valuable addition for Materials Scientists, Polymer Chemists, Surface Scientists, Bioengineers, Coatings Specialists, Chemical Engineers, and Scientists working in this important research field and industry.
Author: Mariana Agostini De Moraes Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128181354 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 658
Book Description
Biopolymer Membranes and Films: Health, Food, Environment, and Energy Applications presents the latest techniques for the design and preparation of biopolymer-based membranes and films, leading to a range of cutting-edge applications. The first part of the book introduces the fundamentals of biopolymers, two-dimensional systems, and the characterization of biopolymer membranes and films, considering physicochemical, mechanical and barrier properties. Subsequent sections are organized by application area, with each chapter explaining how biopolymer-based membranes or films can be developed for specific innovative uses across the health, food, environmental and energy sectors. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and advanced students involved in biopolymer science, polymer membranes and films, polymer chemistry and materials science, as well as for those in industry and academia who are looking to develop materials for advanced applications in the health, food science, environment or energy industries. Presents detailed coverage of a range of novel applications in key strategic areas across health, food, environment and energy Considers the difficulties associated with two-dimensional materials Assists the reader in selecting the best materials and properties for specific applications Helps researchers, scientists and engineers combine the enhanced properties of membranes and films with the sustainable characteristics of biopolymer-based materials
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123914639 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 649
Book Description
This volume explores some of the most exciting recent advances in basic research on nanoparticles in translational science and medicine and how this knowledge is leading to advances in the various fields. This series provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields
Author: Thomas Ming Swi Chang Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814472875 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 599
Book Description
Nanomedicine consists of the use of nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology in medicine. There have been extensive developments in the area of nanomedicine. The scope of this book is first to discuss the origin of nanomedicine. Following this, instead of a general overview of the whole area, 24 chapters on selected topics of important areas are described in detail. Authors are selected from around the world to give a representative and international view of the activities in the area of nanomedicine.
Author: Sujata K. Bhatia Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461410800 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
Regeneration of tissues and organs remains one of the great challenges of clinical medicine, and physicians are constantly seeking better methods for tissue repair and replacement. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have been investigated for virtually every organ system in the human body, and progress is made possible by advances in materials science, polymer chemistry, and molecular biology. This book reviews the current status of biomaterials for regenerative medicine, and highlights advances in both basic science and clinical practice. The latest methods for regulating the biological and chemical composition of biomaterials are described, together with techniques for modulating mechanical properties of engineered constructs. Contributors delineate methods for guiding the host response to implantable materials, and explain the use of biologically-inspired materials for optimal biological functionality and compatibility. The book culminates in a discussion of the clinical applications of regenerative medicine. By integrating engineering and clinical medicine, Engineering Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine examines how tissue engineering and regenerative medicine can be translated into successful therapies to bridge the gap between laboratory and clinic. The book will aid materials scientists and engineers in identifying research priorities to fulfill clinical needs, and will also enable physicians to understand novel biomaterials that are emerging in the clinic. This integrated approach also gives engineering students a sense of the excitement and relevance of materials science in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Author: Visham Appadoo
Author: Visham Appadoo
Author: Catherine Picart
Author: Yan Yu
Author: 
Author: Wolfgang Knoll
Author: Eric M. Saurer
Author: Mariana Agostini De Moraes
Author: 
Author: Thomas Ming Swi Chang
Author: Sujata K. Bhatia