Author: Kengoum, F.
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN: 6023871372
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
DRC has committed to reduce its emissions effectively, efficiently, and equitably from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). The country experiences complex relationships between drivers, agents, and institutions of deforestation nationally. The REDD+ policy arena is influenced by both governmental and non-governmental actors whose number have increased in the policy arena over the years; however, weak coordination among these actors remains an issue. Since 2009, the DRC has announced several reforms relating to land tenure, land-use planning and agricultural policy, to create an institutional environment that motivates the implementation of REDD+ in the DRC. By 2019, none of these reforms had materialized, due to both political changes and a lack of finance, capacity, and political will. Between 2013 and 2019, little progress has been made on REDD+ in the DRC, as a result of conflicting interests among actors both at national and decentralized levels; information asymmetry; elite capture and corruption; and the pre- and post-election situation. To date, the effectiveness of REDD+ activities in the DRC remain unclear, due to the absence of rigorous impact assessment. However, efforts can be observed on the field where there is increased number of participants to forest policy process compared to REDD+ early years; and several ongoing projects are testing policy options within and across levels. If these efforts are sustained, they can contribute in putting in place conditions to achieve REDD+ objectives.
The context of REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Author: Kengoum, F.
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN: 6023871372
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
DRC has committed to reduce its emissions effectively, efficiently, and equitably from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). The country experiences complex relationships between drivers, agents, and institutions of deforestation nationally. The REDD+ policy arena is influenced by both governmental and non-governmental actors whose number have increased in the policy arena over the years; however, weak coordination among these actors remains an issue. Since 2009, the DRC has announced several reforms relating to land tenure, land-use planning and agricultural policy, to create an institutional environment that motivates the implementation of REDD+ in the DRC. By 2019, none of these reforms had materialized, due to both political changes and a lack of finance, capacity, and political will. Between 2013 and 2019, little progress has been made on REDD+ in the DRC, as a result of conflicting interests among actors both at national and decentralized levels; information asymmetry; elite capture and corruption; and the pre- and post-election situation. To date, the effectiveness of REDD+ activities in the DRC remain unclear, due to the absence of rigorous impact assessment. However, efforts can be observed on the field where there is increased number of participants to forest policy process compared to REDD+ early years; and several ongoing projects are testing policy options within and across levels. If these efforts are sustained, they can contribute in putting in place conditions to achieve REDD+ objectives.
Publisher: CIFOR
ISBN: 6023871372
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
DRC has committed to reduce its emissions effectively, efficiently, and equitably from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). The country experiences complex relationships between drivers, agents, and institutions of deforestation nationally. The REDD+ policy arena is influenced by both governmental and non-governmental actors whose number have increased in the policy arena over the years; however, weak coordination among these actors remains an issue. Since 2009, the DRC has announced several reforms relating to land tenure, land-use planning and agricultural policy, to create an institutional environment that motivates the implementation of REDD+ in the DRC. By 2019, none of these reforms had materialized, due to both political changes and a lack of finance, capacity, and political will. Between 2013 and 2019, little progress has been made on REDD+ in the DRC, as a result of conflicting interests among actors both at national and decentralized levels; information asymmetry; elite capture and corruption; and the pre- and post-election situation. To date, the effectiveness of REDD+ activities in the DRC remain unclear, due to the absence of rigorous impact assessment. However, efforts can be observed on the field where there is increased number of participants to forest policy process compared to REDD+ early years; and several ongoing projects are testing policy options within and across levels. If these efforts are sustained, they can contribute in putting in place conditions to achieve REDD+ objectives.
Economic development and regulation
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on District of Columbia Appropriations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Life Insurance Fact Book
State of the World's Cities 2010/2011
Author:
Publisher: Earthscan
ISBN: 1849711755
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 241
Book Description
One billion people worldwide live in slums and that figure is predicted to reach 2 billion by 2030. This new volume from UN-HABITAT unpacks the complex social and economic issues using the novel conceptual framework of the urban divide.
Publisher: Earthscan
ISBN: 1849711755
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : en
Pages : 241
Book Description
One billion people worldwide live in slums and that figure is predicted to reach 2 billion by 2030. This new volume from UN-HABITAT unpacks the complex social and economic issues using the novel conceptual framework of the urban divide.
Tax Shelter Registration
Author: United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tax returns
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tax returns
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Book Description
Conservation of Architectural Heritage
Author: Dean Hawkes
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030108716
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
History is one of the main aspects that shapes a country’s culture and leaves its traces on the built environment in the form of an architectural heritage. Such a heritage records the existence of humans, their past endeavours and in doing so preserves their cultures and traditions for future generations and contributes to the formation of their identities by acting as an inspiration for their architectural achievements. From this perspective, conservation of architectural heritage becomes important to both current and future architectural endeavours. This book discusses several topics of great importance and relevance to the conservation of worldwide architectural heritage. From historic cities and cultural landscapes to some of the largest archaeological sites in the world, conserving such a legacy is a challenging task that requires commitment, effort and international cooperation that this book proves possible. The book has an abundance of information that undoubtedly covers major areas in the field of architecture heritage. It discusses the challenges faced in the field and demonstrates the importance of such an undertaking to individuals, communities, and cities’ identity all over the world. It also highlights the role of individuals and organizations in the precise and complex process of conserving architectural heritage.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030108716
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
History is one of the main aspects that shapes a country’s culture and leaves its traces on the built environment in the form of an architectural heritage. Such a heritage records the existence of humans, their past endeavours and in doing so preserves their cultures and traditions for future generations and contributes to the formation of their identities by acting as an inspiration for their architectural achievements. From this perspective, conservation of architectural heritage becomes important to both current and future architectural endeavours. This book discusses several topics of great importance and relevance to the conservation of worldwide architectural heritage. From historic cities and cultural landscapes to some of the largest archaeological sites in the world, conserving such a legacy is a challenging task that requires commitment, effort and international cooperation that this book proves possible. The book has an abundance of information that undoubtedly covers major areas in the field of architecture heritage. It discusses the challenges faced in the field and demonstrates the importance of such an undertaking to individuals, communities, and cities’ identity all over the world. It also highlights the role of individuals and organizations in the precise and complex process of conserving architectural heritage.
The ... Annual Meeting at ...
Author: Association of Urban Universities
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 768
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 768
Book Description
Illinois Appropriations
Author: Illinois. Comptroller's Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Illinois
Languages : en
Pages : 630
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Illinois
Languages : en
Pages : 630
Book Description
Pension Plan Valuation
Author: Patricia Edwards
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781634832397
Category : Defined benefit pension plans
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
A pension is a voluntary benefit offered by employers to assist employees in providing for their financial security in retirement. Public and private sector defined benefit pension plans are subject to different rules and guidance regarding discount rates--interest rates used to determine the current value of estimated future benefit payments. This book addresses the significance of differences in approaches used to determine discount rates among public and private plans; purposes for measuring the value of a plan's future benefits and key considerations for determining discount rate policy; and approaches selected countries have taken to choose discount rates.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781634832397
Category : Defined benefit pension plans
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
A pension is a voluntary benefit offered by employers to assist employees in providing for their financial security in retirement. Public and private sector defined benefit pension plans are subject to different rules and guidance regarding discount rates--interest rates used to determine the current value of estimated future benefit payments. This book addresses the significance of differences in approaches used to determine discount rates among public and private plans; purposes for measuring the value of a plan's future benefits and key considerations for determining discount rate policy; and approaches selected countries have taken to choose discount rates.
How to Understand Local Government Financial Statements
Author: Paul E. Glick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Book Description