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Author: Everett Eddy Gilbert Publisher: ISBN: Category : Sulfonation Languages : en Pages : 552
Book Description
No general work on the organic derivatives of sulfur trioxide has appeared since the publication of C.M. Suter's basic treatise The Organic Chemistry of Sulfur, which covered the literature through 1941. This book represents an effort to overcome this need The author's approach has been selective, rather than all-inclusive, with the general objective of supplying background information of possible value to the laboratory chemist. Recent trends have been emphasized. Chief among these is the recognition that, although the conventional rules of aromatic orientation are followed under kinetically controlled conditions during sulfonation with sulfuric acid or oleum, these rules are not always followed under conditions that are thermodynamically controlled. This effect is made possible by the reversible nature of the sulfonation reaction, a characteristic which has enough other implications to warrant consideration in a sweparate chapter. Another effect noted increasingly in all aspects of sulfonate preparation, as well as in desulfonation, is the importance of steric requirements. Many examples are noted of the steric assistance or hindrance to be expected in reactions involving moieties as large as sulfur trioxide or sulfite ion. Emphasis is also placed upon recent studies involving the reactions of sulfur trioxide itself, and its various adducts with organic compounds. An effort is made in appropriate cases to bring together isolated facts into possibly meaningful form in such a way as to indicate trends or generalizations.
Author: Everett Eddy Gilbert Publisher: ISBN: Category : Sulfonation Languages : en Pages : 552
Book Description
No general work on the organic derivatives of sulfur trioxide has appeared since the publication of C.M. Suter's basic treatise The Organic Chemistry of Sulfur, which covered the literature through 1941. This book represents an effort to overcome this need The author's approach has been selective, rather than all-inclusive, with the general objective of supplying background information of possible value to the laboratory chemist. Recent trends have been emphasized. Chief among these is the recognition that, although the conventional rules of aromatic orientation are followed under kinetically controlled conditions during sulfonation with sulfuric acid or oleum, these rules are not always followed under conditions that are thermodynamically controlled. This effect is made possible by the reversible nature of the sulfonation reaction, a characteristic which has enough other implications to warrant consideration in a sweparate chapter. Another effect noted increasingly in all aspects of sulfonate preparation, as well as in desulfonation, is the importance of steric requirements. Many examples are noted of the steric assistance or hindrance to be expected in reactions involving moieties as large as sulfur trioxide or sulfite ion. Emphasis is also placed upon recent studies involving the reactions of sulfur trioxide itself, and its various adducts with organic compounds. An effort is made in appropriate cases to bring together isolated facts into possibly meaningful form in such a way as to indicate trends or generalizations.
Author: W. Herman de Groot Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401579180 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
This book is about Sulph(on)ation Technology in its technical entirety, aiming at superiority in final product quality, raw material utilisation, sustained plant reliability and safety, minimisation of liquid effluent and gaseous emissions; it is about the total quality of the operation. It will be of value to engineers and chemists who are, or will be, involved in the practical daily operation of sulphonation plants or R&D activities. The book can also be used as a tool for the teacher in preparing fmal year projects in a chemical engineering curriculum. The book covers sulphonation of alkylbenzenes, primary alcohols, alcohol ethers, alpha-olefIns and fatty acid methyl esters, with a strong emphasis on the sulphur-based S~/air sulphonation technology. The first part deals with raw material specifications, hazards, storage, handling and physical properties. In the following section the process chemistry is discussed, indicating main chemical reactions, undesired parallel and consecutive reactions, exothermal heat effects and all other process chemistry data that are relevant for process selection and equipment design. The section about the actual process equipment from the various plant equipment suppliers (Ballestra, Chemithon, Mazzoni, Meccaniche Modeme and Lion Corp.) takes into account the chemical reaction engineering aspects derived from the sulphonation technology processing chemistry. Product quality, product storage and handling, product safety and physical properties are the contents of the next section. The effluent handling and exhaust gas treatment of the SOiair sulphonation technology are further discussed in detail.
Author: Navin G. Ashar Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331922641X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 98
Book Description
This book presents a complete, in-depth analysis for on the impact of liquid sulfur dioxide and liquid sulfur trioxide to carry out complex and difficult sulfonations, as well as manufacture of sulfuric acid with a CAPEX requirement of less than half, an area requirement less than one-third, and no emission of sulfur dioxide. The processes described in this volume represents an innovative approach relevant to the current manufacturing processes of sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, para toluene sulfonic acid and other sulfonated product.
Author: Michael B. Smith Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470084944 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2379
Book Description
The Sixth Edition of a classic in organic chemistry continues its tradition of excellence Now in its sixth edition, March's Advanced Organic Chemistry remains the gold standard in organic chemistry. Throughout its six editions, students and chemists from around the world have relied on it as an essential resource for planning and executing synthetic reactions. The Sixth Edition brings the text completely current with the most recent organic reactions. In addition, the references have been updated to enable readers to find the latest primary and review literature with ease. New features include: More than 25,000 references to the literature to facilitate further research Revised mechanisms, where required, that explain concepts in clear modern terms Revisions and updates to each chapter to bring them all fully up to date with the latest reactions and discoveries A revised Appendix B to facilitate correlating chapter sections with synthetic transformations
Author: Stéphane Caron Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119448859 Category : Science Languages : de Pages : 850
Book Description
This book is a hands-on guide for the organic chemist. Focusing on the most reliable and useful reactions, the chapter authors provide the information necessary for a chemist to strategically plan a synthesis, as well as repeat the procedures in the laboratory. Consolidates all the key advances/concepts in one book, covering the most important reactions in organic chemistry, including substitutions, additions, eliminations, rearrangements, oxidations, reductions Highlights the most important reactions, addressing basic principles, advantages/disadvantages of the methodology, mechanism, and techniques for achieving laboratory success Features new content on recent advances in CH activation, photoredox and electrochemistry, continuous chemistry, and application of biocatalysis in synthesis Revamps chapters to include new and additional examples of chemistry that have been demonstrated at a practical scale
Author: R J Cremlyn Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1847550509 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
Since its discovery in 1854, chlorosulfonic acid has demonstrated that it is a truly versatile reagent. It is widely used as a sulfonating and chlorosulfonating agent, particularly of organic compounds, and it provides useful synthetic intermediates for many branches of industry. This book provides a detailed, up to date account of the reactions of chlorosulfonic acid with aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic compounds; reactions with elements and inorganic compounds are also discussed, along with the use of the reagent as a powerful acid catalyst, and halogenation and dehydrating agent. Finally, the commercial uses and manufacture of chlorosulfonic acid are reviewed. The detailed coverage in this book, coupled with the many references to recent work, will ensure that it is welcomed as a reference by synthetic chemists in, for example, the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, plastic and detergent industries. Researchers and their students in academia will also find it a valuable addition to their bookshelves.
Author: George Andrew Olah Publisher: Wiley-VCH ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
Comprehensive and up-to-date, the book brings together for the first time synthetic nitration methods and mechanistic aspects of both aromatic and aliphatic nitrations. Researchers and students will appreciate the complete perspective of the whole field that this unique work offers.
Author: Everett Eddy Gilbert
Author: Everett Eddy Gilbert
Author: Adelbert William Harvey
Author: W. Herman de Groot
Author: Navin G. Ashar
Author: Michael B. Smith
Author: Stéphane Caron
Author: R J Cremlyn
Author: Hans Cerfontain
Author: Gennadiĭ Efremovich Zaikov
Author: George Andrew Olah