Studies on the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) Disease in Oats PDF Download

Author: Praphas Weerapat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Author: G. B. Orlob
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Barley
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Author: George W. Bruehl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Barley
Languages : en
Pages : 70

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Author: George W. Bruehl
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780331329698
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 58

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Excerpt from Barley Yellow Dwarf: A Virus Disease of Cereals and Grasses Barley yellow dwarf has been recognized as a virus disease of cereals and grasses only since 1951, when it was discovered by Oswald and Houston (164) in California. Nevertheless, even in this short time it has become accepted as a disease of major importance i-n many areas of the United States, and in other countries as well. In 1959, for example, barley yellow dwarf virus incited the most serious single disease of oats in the United States and caused production losses in the central oat belt comparable with those recorded for various epidemics of other major diseases of that crop (156, Moreover, inherent in the economic implications of barley yellow dwarf is the long-range potential of a disease that is caused by a' versatile virus of wide host range. Even in its infancy, therefore, barley yellow dwarf seems destined to assume classic status among cereal diseases and thus to become increasingly important in teaching and research. Hence, there is compelling need for monographic treatment of this disease at this time, to provide both a teaching aid and a standard refer ence for the rapidly increasing diverse research activity. Throughout the manuscript, the author uses the terms cereals and small grains. These words are meant to refer only to barley, oats, wheat, and rye in this treatise. Also, considerable detail of aphid-life cycles is included in the belief that, as the only means of spread of the barley yellow dwarf virus, any factor affecting the aphid is important to the disease. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author: Kenneth Franklin Grafton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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Author: Peter A. Burnett
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9789686127393
Category : Barley yellow dwarf disease
Languages : en
Pages : 532

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Author: Petra Hildegard Nass
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Barley yellow dwarf luteoviruses (BYDVs) cause significant economic losses worldwide due to damage to cereal crops such as oats, wheat and barley. The virus is transmitted by aphids that inject viral particles into the phloem of the host during the feeding process. BYDVs remain restricted to the phloem tissue and cause cytopathological alterations that ultimately lead to complete obliteration of the infected cell. Phloem cells are considered infected if they contain one or more of the following inclusions: Viral particles, filamentous material, virus-induced vesicles. In this project an in situ immunolocalization assay and an in situ hybridization assay were developed to determine the subcellular accumulation of two viral proteins, the coat protein and a single strand RNA binding protein (17 kDa protein), and the viral RNA. Viral coat protein was first detected in the cytoplasm surrounding clusters of filamentous material that was shown to contain viral RNA. It is suggested that viral coat protein is translated in these areas from viral RNA. Only at later stages was coat protein observed in the nucleus and it is concluded that the viral coat protein diffuses into the nucleus after its disruption during later stages of infection. Viral coat protein was not detected in any other cell organelle. The 17 kDa protein was always associated with filamentous material. Filaments in nuclear pores were also occasionally labeled. The role of the 17 kDa protein as a single strand RNA binding protein was confirmed. The in situ hybridization assay showed that the virus-induced filamentous material contains viral RNA. Minus- and plus-strand were detected in nucleus, cytoplasm, and virus-induced vesicles. In the past the cytopathological changes induced by BYDVs had only been observed in highly susceptible hosts. These varieties are not economically relevant. In this project the cytopathological changes induced by BYDV-PAV in infected primary and flag leaves of several resistant and susceptible oat lines were compared. The flag leaves of resistant oat lines did not show any phloem obliteration whereas susceptible oat lines and one only weakly tolerant oat line contained obliterated phloem cells. No differences in the cytopathological changes indicative of resistance to the virus were found in the primary leaves. It is suggested that the ultrastructural damage to the host tissue of the flag leaf by BYDVs could be used to assess resistance of oat lines to BYDVs.

Author: Cleora J. D'Arcy
Publisher: American Phytopathological Society
ISBN:
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 400

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The disease: symptomatology and host range of barley yellow dwarf; Distribution and economic importance of barley yellow dwarf; Epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf in Europe; Epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf in Australasia; Interactions of barley yellow dwarf viruses: cross-protection and interactions with other pathogens and with abiotic factors; The viruses: purification and viron characterization of barley yellow dwarf viruses; Genome structure and function of barley yellow dwarf viruses; Taxonomy of barley yellow dwarf viruses; The vectors: biology and taxonomy of vectors of barley yellow dwarf viruses; Aphid transmission of barley yellow dwarf viruses: interactions between viruses, and host plants; Control: barley yellow dwarf: diagnostic procedures and reagents; Cultural chemical, and biological methods for the control of barley yellow dwarf; Host plant tolerance or resistance for control of barley yellow dwarf; Prospects for genetically engineered resistance to barley yellow dwarf viruses.

Author: Colin W Wrigley
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123947863
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1956

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Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Food Grains, Four Volume Set is an in-depth and authoritative reference covering all areas of grain science. Coverage includes everything from the genetics of grains to the commercial, economic and social aspects of this important food source. Also covered are the biology and chemistry of grains, the applied aspects of grain production and the processing of grains into various food and beverage products. With the paramount role of cereals as a global food source, this Encyclopedia is sure to become the standard reference work in the field of science. Also available online via ScienceDirect – featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. Written from an international perspective the Encyclopedia concentrates on the food uses of grains, but details are also provided about the wider roles of grains Well organized and accessible, it is the ideal resource for students, researchers and professionals seeking an authoritative overview on any particular aspect of grain science This second edition has four print volumes which provides over 200 articles on food grains Includes extensive cross-referencing and "Further Reading" lists at the end of each article for deeper exploration into the topic This edition also includes useful items for students and teachers alike, with Topic Highlights, Learning objectives, Exercises for Revision and exercises to explore the topic further

Author: Scott N. Johnson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119070902
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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Book Description
Invertebrates perform such vital roles in global ecosystems—and so strongly influence human wellbeing—that biologist E.O. Wilson was prompted to describe them as “little things that run the world.” As they are such powerful shapers of the world around us, their response to global climate change is also pivotal in meeting myriad challenges looming on the horizon—everything from food security and biodiversity to human disease control. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the latest scientific knowledge and contemporary theory relating to global climate change and terrestrial invertebrates. Featuring contributions from top international experts, this book explores how changes to invertebrate populations will affect human decision making processes across a number of crucial issues, including agriculture, disease control, conservation planning, and resource allocation. Topics covered include methodologies and approaches to predict invertebrate responses, outcomes for disease vectors and ecosystem service providers, underlying mechanisms for community level responses to global climate change, evolutionary consequences and likely effects on interactions among organisms, and many more. Timely and thought-provoking, Global Climate Change and Terrestrial Invertebrates offers illuminating insights into the profound influence the simplest of organisms may have on the very future of our fragile world.