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Author: H. B. Guppy Publisher: ISBN: 9781332316663 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 544
Book Description
Excerpt from Studies in Seeds and Fruits: An Investigation With the Balance Whilst arranging the results of my observations, the difficulty of establishing a nexus between them soon became apparent. One thing led to another in an irregular manner, the new line of inquiry being often determined by some accidental indication, or by some inconsistency in the results of experiments. Perceiving that it would not be conducive to method to follow the order of inception of the several inquiries, I devised the plan of arranging the materials to be now described. The shrinking and swelling processes of seeds were first discussed until the question of permeability or impermeability was raised so frequently that the matter had to be dealt with before further progress could be made. In its turn, the subject of permeable and impermeable seeds was treated on its own ground until the question of their hygroscopicity demanded investigation. So also the matters relating to the proportional weight of parts of fruits, and to the connection between the seed-number and the fruit-weight, were discussed until the disturbing influences of the abortion of ovules and the failure of seeds became so obvious that an inquiry into their nature was necessitated. Amongst the other difficult questions that presented themselves in this inquiry was that relating to the unit of weight most suitable for seeds and fruits. It was soon found, however, that the grain was by far the most fitting for my purpose, and it was accordingly adopted. The grain is not only one of the most ancient and one of the most extensively employed: units of weight for small objects (such as precious stones), but it is Natures primitive suggestion. Seeds of small size are in use as weights in the East at the present day; and other persons besides myself must have been at times so circumstanced that they had to extemporise a balance and employ grains of rice as weights. This choice has enabled me to avoid the multiplicity of terms inseparable from most systems. Whether it happens that 60, 000 grains go to weigh down a green coco-nut, or that 6000 Juncus seeds go to weigh down a grain, no other term of weight need be used. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: H. B. (Henry Brougham) 1854-1926 Guppy Publisher: Wentworth Press ISBN: 9781372026294 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 550
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: F. H. Montgomery Publisher: Heritage ISBN: 9781487581879 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Hitherto, there has been no way to identify Canadian and US seed samples except to compare them with known specimens. Identification has been a process of elimination depending on the experience, knowledge, and memory of the observer. The Seeds and Fruits of Plants of Eastern Canada and Northeastern United States describes and illustrates the seeds of about 1100 species of native wild and introduced weedy plants from some 118 families, and provides keys for their identification based on their geometric shapes. The primary tool used in describing the shape of the seeds and keying them is the chart of symmetric plane figures developed by the Systematics Association Committee of the International Association Plant Taxonomy. That seeds, which were obtained from herbaria or the author's own collection, were thus sorted and classified according to the exact shape of their longitudinal and cross sections to form the major sections of the key. Morphological details, observed under magnifications up to 30 x, were then used both for minor separations in the key and in describing species. Photography was chosen as the most accurate means of illustration. While primarily intended for taxonomists and those teaching seed identification, as a text and for verification of identifications, this book will also be an important reference for studies of archaeology studying seed remains, ecologists studying bog formations, and see analysts both in Canada and the US.
Author: R.T.J. Cappers Publisher: Barkhuis ISBN: 9493194345 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
The taxonomic and ecological identification of individual seeds and fruits of wild and cultivated plants is not always straightforward. This book helps you to get started, and also serves as a basis for further identification. It describes the inflorescence(s) and infructescence(s) seen in each of a set of 30 plant families, as well as the morphology of the seeds and fruits (with special emphasis on typology), the dispersal units (diaspores), and, if present, heterodiaspory. The manual is richly illustrated with 640 colour photos of inflorescences, infructescences, seeds, fruits, and diaspores. Technical terms are described in a glossary. Indices of scientific plant names and subject names are included. This book will be of interest not only to those engaged in the identification of seeds and fruits, such as those who work in seed testing, but also to taxonomists, ecologists, archaeobotanists, and florists who wonder what they are looking at. This handbook is a completely revised version of the first edition, which was published in 2013. An important adaptation relates to new developments in plant taxonomy and the classification of fruits and diaspores. The number of plant families has been extended from 19 to 30. A Manual for the identification of plant seeds and fruits describes the following plant families: Amaranthaceae Apiaceae Asparagaceae Asteraceae Boraginaceae Brassicaceae Caprifoliaceae Caryophyllaceae Convolvulaceae Cucurbitaceae Cyperaceae Ericaceae Euphorbiaceae Fabaceae Geraniaceae Juncaceae Lamiaceae Linaceae Malvaceae Onagraceae Papaveraceae Plantaginaceae Poaceae Polygonaceae Primulaceae Ranunculaceae Rosaceae Rubiaceae Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae See this pdf for some example pages. This book is a publication of the Digital Plant Atlas project, a collaboration among palaeobotanists and ecologists of the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, in the Netherlands, and the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, in Berlin, Germany. The project aims to make plant reference collections accessible to a broader public of amateur and professional users via its website, www.plantatlas.eu. For the other publications, see this website and the Preface to this book.
Author: C. Marshall Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521373500 Category : Gardening Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Flowering and fruiting are key processes in the biology of higher plants, ensuring the transfer of genetic material from one generation to the next. In addition, as almost all of the world's agricultural and horticultural industries depend on the production of flowers, fruits and seeds, the study of the reproductive biology of cultivated plants is of fundamental importance to humankind. Surprisingly, therefore, this topic has received relatively little attention from environmental physiologists compared with studies on the growth and development of vegetative structures. This book, based on a meeting held by the Environmental Physiology Group of the Society of Experimental Biology, sets out to correct this deficiency. The topic is given a broad and comprehensive treatment, with chapters covering the onset of flowering through to the development and growth of fruits and seeds, and finally to ecological and evolutionary aspects of fruiting. This volume will therefore serve as a useful introduction to the various aspects of flowering and fruiting and will also provide a thorough general overview of the subject for students and researchers alike.