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Author: Amirhossein Moharreri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This study decomposes the structure of Iran's trade, ex-ante and ex-post economic sanctions. It employs two distinct methods of trade growth decomposition, intensive and extensive margins, as proposed in the literature. The major findings on Iran's foreign exports spanning the period 2000-2012 are as follows. First, the intensive margin of trade played a dominant role for export growth in both the pre- and post- sanction intervals. Second, for the entire period, Iran has constantly attempted to deepen its existing trade relationships. However, the sanctions, on average, magnified failed relationships. Third, efforts to deepen current trade relationships resulted in the substitution of quantity for quality exports, ex-post sanctions. Fourth, since 2007, Iran successfully created new trading relationships to divert its export markets. Nevertheless, aggregate losses from the failed relationships exceeded the gains from new trade linkages. Fifth, Iran's foreign trade policies towards different geographical regions varied both pre- and post- economic sanctions.
Author: Amirhossein Moharreri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This study decomposes the structure of Iran's trade, ex-ante and ex-post economic sanctions. It employs two distinct methods of trade growth decomposition, intensive and extensive margins, as proposed in the literature. The major findings on Iran's foreign exports spanning the period 2000-2012 are as follows. First, the intensive margin of trade played a dominant role for export growth in both the pre- and post- sanction intervals. Second, for the entire period, Iran has constantly attempted to deepen its existing trade relationships. However, the sanctions, on average, magnified failed relationships. Third, efforts to deepen current trade relationships resulted in the substitution of quantity for quality exports, ex-post sanctions. Fourth, since 2007, Iran successfully created new trading relationships to divert its export markets. Nevertheless, aggregate losses from the failed relationships exceeded the gains from new trade linkages. Fifth, Iran's foreign trade policies towards different geographical regions varied both pre- and post- economic sanctions.
Author: van Bergeijk, Peter A.G. Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1839102721 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 496
Book Description
Peter van Bergeijk brings together 40 leading experts from all continents to analyze state-of-the-art data covering the sharp increase in (smart) sanctions in the last decade. Original chapters provide detailed analyses on the determinants of sanction success and failure, complemented with research on the impact of sanctions.
Author: Kenneth Katzman Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437922058 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Contents: (1) Background of the Iran Sanctions Act (ISA): Key Provisions: ¿Triggers¿ and Available Sanctions; Waiver and Termination Authority; Iran Freedom Support Act Amendments; Effectiveness and Ongoing Challenges: Energy Routes and Refinery Investment: Refinery Construction; Significant Purchase Agreements; Efforts in the 110th and 111th Congress to Expand ISA Application; Other Energy-Related Sanctions Ideas; (2) Relationships to Other U.S. Sanctions: Ban on U.S. Trade and Investment With Iran; Treasury Department ¿Targeted Financial Measures¿; Terrorism-Related Sanctions; Executive Order 13224; Proliferation-Related Sanctions; Efforts to Promote Divestment; Blocked Iranian Property and Assets. Tables.
Author: Frederic M. Wehrey Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: 0833046209 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
Examines the broad-ranging domestic roles of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, assessing its influence over Iran's political culture, economy, and society and its ability to shape the political future of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Author: Michael G. Plummer Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 9290921978 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
This publication displays the menu for choice of available methods to evaluate the impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). It caters mainly to policy makers from developing countries and aims to equip them with some economic knowledge and techniques that will enable them to conduct their own economic evaluation studies on existing or future FTAs, or to critically re-examine the results of impact assessment studies conducted by others, at the very least.
Author: Rodney D. Ludema Publisher: London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario ISBN: Category : Commercial treaties Languages : en Pages : 42
Author: Daniel Byman Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: 0833032445 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 135
Book Description
Religion, nationalism, ethnicity, economics, and geopolitics all are important in explaining Iran's goals and tactics in its relationship with the outside world, as are the agendas of key security institutions and the ambitions of their leaders. This report assesses Iran's security policy in light of these factors. It examines broad drivers of Iran's security policy, describes important security institutions, explores decisionmaking, and reviews Iran's relations with key countries. The authors conclude that Iraq is widely recognized as the leading threat to Iran's Islamic regime and Afghanistan is seen as an emerging threat. In contrast, Iran has solid, if not necessarily warm, relations with Syria and established working ties to Pakistan and Russia. Iran's policies toward its neighbors are increasingly prudent: It is trying to calm regional tension and end its isolation, although its policies toward Israel and the United States are often an exception to this policy. Iran's security forces, particularly the regular military, are often voices of restraint, preferring shows of force to overactive confrontations. Finally, Iran's security forces generally respect and follow the wishes of Iran's civilian leadership; conducting rogue operations is rare to nonexistent.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309171733 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 640
Book Description
The end of the Cold War has changed the shape of organized violence in the world and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. Even the concept of international conflict is broadening to include ethnic conflicts and other kinds of violence within national borders that may affect international peace and security. What is not yet clear is whether or how these changes alter the way actors on the world scene should deal with conflict: Do the old methods still work? Are there new tools that could work better? How do old and new methods relate to each other? International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War critically examines evidence on the effectiveness of a dozen approaches to managing or resolving conflict in the world to develop insights for conflict resolution practitioners. It considers recent applications of familiar conflict management strategies, such as the use of threats of force, economic sanctions, and negotiation. It presents the first systematic assessments of the usefulness of some less familiar approaches to conflict resolution, including truth commissions, "engineered" electoral systems, autonomy arrangements, and regional organizations. It also opens up analysis of emerging issues, such as the dilemmas facing humanitarian organizations in complex emergencies. This book offers numerous practical insights and raises key questions for research on conflict resolution in a transforming world system.
Author: Robin B. Wright Publisher: US Institute of Peace Press ISBN: 1601270844 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
A comprehensive but concise overview of Iran's politics, economy, military, foreign policy, and nuclear program. The volume chronicles U.S.-Iran relations under six American presidents and probes five options for dealing with Iran. Organized thematically, this book provides top-level briefings by 50 top experts on Iran (both Iranian and Western authors) and is a practical and accessible "go-to" resource for practitioners, policymakers, academics, and students, as well as a fascinating wealth of information for anyone interested in understanding Iran's pivotal role in world politics.
Author: Jahangir Amuzegar Publisher: I.B.Tauris ISBN: 9781850436034 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
After detailed discussions of the economy's basic sectors, major national economic trends, and the government's economic policies, the author offers an assessment of the economy's overall performance against the regime's initial agenda. The final chapters discuss the extent of the dilemma confronting the government.
Author: Amirhossein Moharreri
Author: Amirhossein Moharreri
Author: van Bergeijk, Peter A.G.
Author: Kenneth Katzman
Author: Frederic M. Wehrey
Author: Michael G. Plummer
Author: Rodney D. Ludema
Author: Daniel Byman
Author: National Research Council
Author: Robin B. Wright
Author: Jahangir Amuzegar