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Author: Ishak Mešić Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783847342427 Category : Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
The study aims at researching and presenting structural changes and global trends in distributive trade of European Union, resulted from liberalization of economic activities within the EU. During the last decades, EU trade went through deep transformation and structural changes. Level of development, structure of trade network, as well as structure of retail forms, differ from one country to another. Regardless of differences between particular national and regional markets within EU, almost all countries participate in increased trend of internationalization, concentration and dislocation of traditional retail towards modern sale forms. On a global scale, internationalization of trade should lead to more integrated and uniform development of a whole world trade. First study deals with: the level of development and structure of the distributive trades in European union, and then processes the global trends (the changing in the trade structure of European union, increase of the share of retail with own brand, the concentration of the trade, the internationalization of retail trade).
Author: Ishak Mešić Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783847342427 Category : Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
The study aims at researching and presenting structural changes and global trends in distributive trade of European Union, resulted from liberalization of economic activities within the EU. During the last decades, EU trade went through deep transformation and structural changes. Level of development, structure of trade network, as well as structure of retail forms, differ from one country to another. Regardless of differences between particular national and regional markets within EU, almost all countries participate in increased trend of internationalization, concentration and dislocation of traditional retail towards modern sale forms. On a global scale, internationalization of trade should lead to more integrated and uniform development of a whole world trade. First study deals with: the level of development and structure of the distributive trades in European union, and then processes the global trends (the changing in the trade structure of European union, increase of the share of retail with own brand, the concentration of the trade, the internationalization of retail trade).
Author: National Intelligence Council Publisher: Cosimo Reports ISBN: 9781646794973 Category : Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Author: United Nations Association of the United States of America. Trade Policy Panel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Commercial policy Languages : en Pages : 76
Author: Ishak MeSic Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659284861 Category : Languages : en Pages : 84
Book Description
The European Union and the United States represent two of the strongest global regions where is placed the most part of the global distributive trade. Therefore, this study aims to explore and present a comparison of the level of development, structure, and global trends in the distributive trade, in EU and in US. The first part of the study deals with the level of development and the structure of the distributive trade in EU and in US, and with comparing the level of development and the structure of the distributive trade in these two global regions. After that, the study deals with comparative analysis of global trends in the distributive trade, of the EU and of the US (modernization of retail formats, increase the participation of retail with its own brand, the concentration of trade, internationalization of the retail trade). Although comparative analysis shows that there are certain differences in the level of development of distributive trade, sectoral structure of distributive trade is quite similar in the US and in the EU. Comparative analysis of global trends shows larger intensity of global trends in the distributive trade of the EU than in the US.
Author: Nagwa Riad Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1463973101 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 87
Book Description
Changing Patterns of Global Trade outlines the factors underlying important shifts in global trade that have occurred in recent decades. The emergence of global supply chains and their increasing role in trade patterns allowed emerging market economies to boost their inputs in high-technology exports and is associated with increased trade interconnectedness.The analysis points to one important trend taking place over the last decade: the emergence of China as a major systemically important trading hub, reflecting not only the size of trade but also the increase in number of its significant trading partners.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789279648977 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Calls for market reforms to help improve economic performance have become a mantra in European policy discussions. In the recent years, fears of a new wave of protectionism reopened the debate on the macroeconomic effects of raising tariff and non-tariff barriers. In this policy paper, we evaluate the consequences of such policy options for economies in a liquidity trap - i.e. at times of major slack and binding constraints on monetary policy easing (such as when the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates is binding). First, we analyse the consequences of protectionism through the lens of a benchmark business cycle model. We show that raising trade barriers has contractionary effects both domestically and abroad. Such detrimental effects are larger in a liquidity trap. We conclude that Europe should not engage in protectionism, even in response to an increase in the level of tariffs imposed by a major trading partner (such as the U.S.). We then review recent trends in product and labor market regulation across the European Union members. Using results from the academic literature, we argue that market reforms in Europe are unlikely to induce significant deflationary effects, suggesting that the inability of monetary policy to deliver interest rate cuts might not be a relevant obstacle to reform. While coordinated structural reforms across the EU members would maximise short- and long-term gains, legal considerations of the implementation of reforms across countries pose challenges to the harmonisation process.
Author: Terry L. Roe Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387773584 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 333
Book Description
The primary objective of this book is to advance the state of the art in specifying and ?tting to data structural multi-sector dynamic macroeconomic models, and empirically implementing them. The fundamental construct upon which we build is the Ramsey model. A most attractive feature of this model is the insights it provides into the dynamics of an economy in tr- sition to long-run equilibrium. With some exceptions, Ramsey models are highly aggregated – typically single sector models. However, interest often lies in understanding the forces of e- nomic growth across multiple sectors of an economy and on how policy impacts likely play out over time. Such analyses call for moredisaggregatedmodelsthatcanbe?ttocountryorregional data.Thisbookshowshowto:(i)extendthebasicmodeltom- tiple sectors, (ii) how to adapt the basic model to account for policy instruments, and (iii) ?t the model to data, and obtain equilibrium values both forward and backward in time from the data points to which the model is initially ?t.
Author: Greg Clark Publisher: European Investment Bank ISBN: 9286138784 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
By the end of this century, 9 out of 10 Europeans will live in an urban area. But what kind of city will they call home? You'll find all the answers in CITY, TRANSFORMED, the new essay series from the European Investment Bank. This panoramic first essay in the series lays out a great sweeping history of European cities over the last fifty years—and showcases new directions being taken by some of our most innovative cities. Urban experts Greg Clark, Tim Moonen, and Jake Nunley based at University College London take a definitive look at how Europe's cities transformed from post-industrial decline to thriving metropolises that are as prosperous and liveable as anywhere on Earth.
Author: József Böröcz Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135255806 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 257
Book Description
This book provides an historical analysis of what the European Union is. Examining the development of the EU in a global context, the book draws on long-term processes of change in historical depth to developing a deeper understanding of global social change.
Author: Ishak Mešić
Author: Ishak Mešić
Author: National Intelligence Council
Author: Béla Kádár
Author: United Nations Association of the United States of America. Trade Policy Panel
Author: Ishak MeSic
Author: Nagwa Riad
Author: 
Author: Terry L. Roe
Author: Greg Clark
Author: József Böröcz