Stress Concentration Factor Determination for Various Tensile Test Specimen Configuration by the Finite Element Method Using MSC/PATRAN and MSC/NASTRAN. PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
Using MSC/PATRAN for pre- and post-processing of MSC/NASTRAN models, several tensile test specimen configurations were analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). Solid geometry models for each configuration were meshed using both hexagonal elements and tetrahedral elements. In all cases the mesh density was refined till the FEM solution converged. This convergence was verified both by evaluation of the solution's stability as well by various post processing tools available to the engineer within MSC/PATRAN. In each case, the ultimate goal was to determine the stress concentration factor at the specimen s net section. The sensitivity of the three dimensional stress concentration factor to specimen thickness as well as the presence of various through thickness hole sizes in the net section was also explored. In all cases, the resulting three-dimensional solution result was compared to published two dimensional elasticity solutions. While the three-dimensional FEM stress concentration solution compared favorably with the published two-dimensional values for most configurations, the same comparison for specimens with holes in the net section disagreed significantly. The disagreement between three- and two-dimensional analyses was attributed to the transition from plane stress to plain strain near thickness midplane. This work yielded valuable insight for the engineer as to when published handbook data will suffice and when a more detailed FEM solid model analysis is necessary. Additionally, the use of MSC/PATRAN tools for assessing model convergence is also contrasted with more the traditional technique of comparing degrees of freedom to variation in analysis result.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
Using MSC/PATRAN for pre- and post-processing of MSC/NASTRAN models, several tensile test specimen configurations were analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). Solid geometry models for each configuration were meshed using both hexagonal elements and tetrahedral elements. In all cases the mesh density was refined till the FEM solution converged. This convergence was verified both by evaluation of the solution's stability as well by various post processing tools available to the engineer within MSC/PATRAN. In each case, the ultimate goal was to determine the stress concentration factor at the specimen s net section. The sensitivity of the three dimensional stress concentration factor to specimen thickness as well as the presence of various through thickness hole sizes in the net section was also explored. In all cases, the resulting three-dimensional solution result was compared to published two dimensional elasticity solutions. While the three-dimensional FEM stress concentration solution compared favorably with the published two-dimensional values for most configurations, the same comparison for specimens with holes in the net section disagreed significantly. The disagreement between three- and two-dimensional analyses was attributed to the transition from plane stress to plain strain near thickness midplane. This work yielded valuable insight for the engineer as to when published handbook data will suffice and when a more detailed FEM solid model analysis is necessary. Additionally, the use of MSC/PATRAN tools for assessing model convergence is also contrasted with more the traditional technique of comparing degrees of freedom to variation in analysis result.
Author: A. A. Kardak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Stress concentration Languages : en Pages : 9
Book Description
Occasionally, round specimens for tension testing that comply with ASTM standards fail in one of the transition regions between gage and grip sections. This occurs because of the stress concentration present in transition regions. When this happens, it is possible to seek stress relief by increasing fillet radii in these regions. The objective of this note is to quantify the relief afforded by increasing radii. The approach adopted to this end is finite element analysis that is carefully verified. Stress concentration factors are thus accurately determined to three figures for all of the various types of standard round specimens in ASTM E8/E8M-16a, Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials.
Author: MG. Garrell Publisher: ISBN: Category : Elastic waves Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
Experimental results showed that ASTM D 638 Type IV flat tension specimens, made of a Nylon-11 matrix containing a large volume concentration of Nd-Fe-B particulates, failed at a location where the straight gage section of the specimen ends and the curved transition region begins. The stress distribution in this specimen was analyzed using the finite-element method, and it was found that there is a stress concentration at this location. The stress distributions in tension specimens with both single- and double-arc transition regions were analyzed and stress concentration factors were calculated. A linear relationship between the magnitude of the stress concentration factor and the ratio of the width in the gage section and the arc radius of the transition region is identified. This study shows that it is possible to reduce the magnitude of the stress concentration factor for the ASTM D 638 Type IV flat tension specimen by redesigning the specimen geometry without changing its overall size.
Author: NA. Noda Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automotive medicine Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
In this work, stress concentration factors Kt for a flat bar with circular-arc or V-shaped notches are considered based on the exact solutions for special cases and accurate numerical results. Then, a set of Kt formulas useful for any notch shape is proposed. The conclusions can be summarized as follows. For the limiting cases of deep (d) and shallow (s) notches, the body force method is used to calculate the Kt values. Then, the formulas are obtained as Ktd and Kts. Next, the notch shape is classified into several groups according to the notch radius and notch depth. Then, the least squares method is applied for calculation of Kt/Ktd and Kt/Kts. Finally, convenient formulas are proposed that are useful for any notch shape in a flat test specimen. The formulas yield stress concentration factors with less than 1% error for any notch shape in a flat test specimen.
Author: R. Procházka Publisher: ISBN: Category : Dynamic testing Languages : en Pages : 19
Book Description
The evaluation of the actual mechanical properties of in-service structures after a period of operation or the determination of local properties for detailed finite element method (FEM) simulation requires relevant material data obtained with high accuracy from a small volume of the experimental material. Therefore, non-destructive or semi-destructive techniques using small samples are being developed. The use of small-scale samples also enables the evaluation of material properties in various locations of tested components--for example, the mechanical properties of isolated regions of welds. One of the widely used methods in miniature specimen testing is the small punch test (SPT). The SPT is usually based on conversion of the obtained results into conventional parameters such as tensile properties, creep, fatigue, notch toughness, transition temperature, or fracture toughness parameters, but it requires known correlation parameters determined for the specific material. It was considered whether there is really a need to convert values from an SPT if there is not a chance to perform, for example, tensile tests directly on the same volume of experimental material as used in the SPT. Preliminary FEM analysis was performed with subsequent experimental verification of the possibility of testing small tensile samples with the following dimensions: active part length, 3 mm; width, 1.5 mm; and thickness, 0.5 mm. On the basis of promising preliminary results, testing fixtures for micro-tensile samples were developed together with a testing procedure. The performance of the micro-tensile test method relative to standard tensile tests is shown here together with its application to weld characterization.
Author: Walter D. Pilkey Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119532523 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 816
Book Description
The bible of stress concentration factors—updated to reflect today's advances in stress analysis This book establishes and maintains a system of data classification for all the applications of stress and strain analysis, and expedites their synthesis into CAD applications. Filled with all of the latest developments in stress and strain analysis, this Fourth Edition presents stress concentration factors both graphically and with formulas, and the illustrated index allows readers to identify structures and shapes of interest based on the geometry and loading of the location of a stress concentration factor. Peterson's Stress Concentration Factors, Fourth Edition includes a thorough introduction of the theory and methods for static and fatigue design, quantification of stress and strain, research on stress concentration factors for weld joints and composite materials, and a new introduction to the systematic stress analysis approach using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). From notches and grooves to shoulder fillets and holes, readers will learn everything they need to know about stress concentration in one single volume. Peterson's is the practitioner's go-to stress concentration factors reference Includes completely revised introductory chapters on fundamentals of stress analysis; miscellaneous design elements; finite element analysis (FEA) for stress analysis Features new research on stress concentration factors related to weld joints and composite materials Takes a deep dive into the theory and methods for material characterization, quantification and analysis methods of stress and strain, and static and fatigue design Peterson's Stress Concentration Factors is an excellent book for all mechanical, civil, and structural engineers, and for all engineering students and researchers.
Author: SA. Wimmer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Metals Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Test specimens are traditionally designed to produce a single stress state during the testing process resulting in limited data from individual tests. When material is not readily available, the use of a test specimen that generates a wide range of multiaxial stress states (and therefore more data per test) would be advantageous since this single specimen could replace a series of conventional specimens. Finite element (FE) techniques can be used to determine the stress states of interest in a component and then can be used to custom design a specimen to produce these stress states. The current work examines the use of FE techniques to custom design test specimens that would be more appropriate for typical pressure vessel geometries than traditional tensile test specimens. Stress states for thin and thick wall cylindrical sections are compared with those of standard (ASTM E8) and customized test specimens. An improved match between component and test specimen generated stress states is seen for the custom design specimen.
Author: Ashish Kolhatkar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Tensile architecture Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
In this work, a miniature tensile specimen with nominal dimensions of 3.0-mm gage length (GL), 1.5-mm gage width, and 0.5-mm thickness that was carved out of a 10.0-mm-diameter disk has been developed and standardized using analytical and experimental methods. The geometry of the miniature specimen, called ultra sub-size (USS), was optimized using finite element analysis to determine the fillet radius and appropriate geometrical tolerances for specimen dimensions like gage width and thickness. The methods of specimen preparation, gripping, and tensile testing with the use of digital image correlation for strain measurement were standardized. The 0.2 % offset yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and uniform strain of different materials obtained using this specimen geometry were analyzed and compared with the results of ASTM sub-size (GL: 25mm) and further sub-size geometry (GL: 12.5mm) The results of this study show that USS tensile specimen geometry developed in this work can be reliably employed for mechanical property evaluation in situations where tensile testing using standard-size specimens is practically not possible.
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Author: A. A. Kardak
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Author: MG. Garrell
Author: NA. Noda
Author: R. Procházka
Author: James Youngpil Song
Author: Walter D. Pilkey
Author: SA. Wimmer
Author: Ashish Kolhatkar