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Author: Robert K. Dixit Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 1400830176 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 484
Book Description
How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending. This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.
Author: Robert K. Dixit Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 1400830176 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 484
Book Description
How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending. This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.
Author: Eduardo S. Schwartz Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262693189 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 890
Book Description
The study of investment under uncertainty was stagnant for several decades until developments in real options revitalized the field. The topics covered in this book include the reasons behind the under-investment programme.
Author: Han T. J. Smit Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 1400829399 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 504
Book Description
Corporate finance and corporate strategy have long been seen as different sides of the same coin. Though both focus on the same broad problem, investment decision-making, the gap between the two sides--and between theory and practice--remains embarrassingly large. This book synthesizes cutting-edge developments in corporate finance and related fields--in particular, real options and game theory--to help bridge this gap. In clear, straightforward exposition and through numerous examples and applications from various industries, Han Smit and Lenos Trigeorgis set forth an extended valuation framework for competitive strategies. The book follows a problem-solving approach that synthesizes ideas from game theory, real options, and strategy. Thinking in terms of options-games can help managers address questions such as: When is it best to invest early to preempt competitive entry, and when to wait? Should a firm compete in R&D or adopt an accommodating stance? How does one value growth options or infrastructure investments? The authors provide a wide range of valuation examples, such as acquisition strategies, R&D investment in high-tech sectors, joint research ventures, product introductions in consumer electronics, infrastructure, and oil exploration investment. Representing a major step beyond standard real options or strategy analysis, and extending the power of real options and strategic thinking in a rigorous fashion, Strategic Investment will be an indispensable guide and resource for corporate managers, MBA students, and academics alike.
Author: Martha Amram Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand ISBN: 9780875848457 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
Using real-world examples and clear case studies, the authors provide investors and managers with an innovative method for assessing a company's non-financial assets, allowing them to assess opportunities whose financial rewards are less than certain.
Author: Marc Zajicek Publisher: diplom.de ISBN: 3832475753 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 78
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The objective of this dissertation is to examine the application of Real Options for the evaluation of companies with regard to acquisitions. There has been an intensive scientific discussion in the past years about the Real Options method for the evaluation of investments and mergers & acquisitions as in practice usually the management tries to capture future developments with static methods of capital budgeting. For example, future cash-flows are discounted with a fixed risk-adjusted discount rate. Therefore, the Real Options approach has been applied very rarely as it has the reputation of high complexity and poor practicability in daily business. However, the use of present values and capitalized values may produce pitfalls in acquisition decisions as strategic investment decisions might be characterized by a wide range of possibilities to react flexibly to a fast changing environment. In chapter 1, the term Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A) is defined and the motives as well as the relevance of M&A transactions for different branches are described in detail. Furthermore, the process and the different phases of a merger or an acquisition are explained. Chapter 2 presents traditional evaluation methods of static net present value, sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo and decision tree. These classic methods are discussed and a comparison is drawn among these techniques in regard to practicability. At the end of this chapter, a evaluation is presented in regard to specific situations with the mayor parameter of uncertainty and flexibility for the application of these classic methods. The basic concept of option pricing is described in chapter 3. In addition, the Black-Scholes equation and the underlying assumptions are explained in detail in order to understand financial options, which are the basic for the Real Options approach. At the end of the chapter, an example of a call and put option is discussed in order to understand the functioning of options. Chapter 4 presents an introduction and definition of the Real Options method. Furthermore, the value drivers and the value creation due to the application of Real Options are discussed and analyzed in detail. After the discussion of the functioning of Real Options, a comparison of the analogy between financial Options and Real Options is done in order to possible differences. In this context, the limitations of the analogy of financial and Real Options are presented. Finally, [...]
Author: Ian Charles Runge Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
Analyzes capital investment as a process in which an individual, entrepreneur, or organization comes to understand "value" before making a choice. Runge, an economist and mining engineer based in Australia, maintains that subjective value and uncertainty inform investment decision-making far more than the calculus of simple neoclassical choice suggests. His model of the capital investment process within a firm analyzes uncertainty and where it translates into risk. Runge sets out theories and tools for choosing between alternatives with differing risk and return profiles. His model provides a framework for decision-making that can lead to choices with lower overall risk, higher returns, and increased value. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Christian Berner Publisher: diplom.de ISBN: 3832421904 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Every investment, for example new facilities, new products, or strategic partnerships is driven by the pursuit of creating values . Major changes are going on in the valuation of investments. Although the classic shareholder value concept is still a valuable source for identification of value drivers of strategic management, it needs to be extended in terms of its ability to evaluate long-term investment choices. Far too long capital budgeting has only been considered under aspects of its contribution to an overall added economic value rather than focusing on a firm s resources. Recent research emphasized the strategic value of resources leading to formulate the approach of a resource-based view of a firm s activities. Usually management tries to capture future development with static methods of capital budgeting, i.e. future cash-flows are discounted with a fixed risk-adjusted discount rate. However, the finding of present values and capitalized values could produce pitfalls in investment decisions. Strategic investment decisions are often characterized by a wide range of possibilities to react flexibly to the changing business environment. This area of tolerance in investment decisions could not be captured with traditional instruments of investment evaluation. In the 1970s, the discounted-cash-flow analysis (DCF) emerged and proved its practicability. This method assumes a now or never approach in undertaking a project. Some authors suggest adding the theory of option prices to investment decisions, as in the 1970s and the 1980s developments in the valuation of capital-investment opportunities based on option pricing revolutionized capital budgeting. Option pricing allows adaptation and revision of future decisions in order to capture managerial flexibility and to finally capitalize on any possible future development. To incorporate these real options means to limit losses and offers a vital contribution to long-term corporate success, especially in those marketplaces characterized by uncertainty and rapid change. This method also explains the value of waiting for the initial project and considers its value in comparison to the opportunity costs of waiting. These costs are dictated by the behavior of competitors and loss of cash-flow streams from the project. Incorporating this method could possibly lead to a better understanding of the importance of resource allocation, the value of strategic investments and [...]
Author: Robert K. Dixit
Author: Robert K. Dixit
Author: Rikke Sigdal Jensen
Author: Eduardo S. Schwartz
Author: Nick Fijbo Dick Huberts
Author: Han T. J. Smit
Author: Martha Amram
Author: Kuno J. M. Huisman
Author: Marc Zajicek
Author: Ian Charles Runge
Author: Christian Berner