Stimulation transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782869066625
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 247

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Book Description
Sûre et peu couteuse la stimulation transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) est en passe de connaître un essor considérable dans le traitement des pathologies neuropsychiatriques. Développées depuis le xixe siècle, les techniques de polarisation du cerveau sont progressivement abandonnées en partie à cause de la stigmatisation d'une autre technique de stimulation électrique : l'électroconvulsivothérapie. Remise au devant de la scène au début des années 2000 sous l'impulsion des neurophysiologistes, la tDCS est une technique relativement ancienne et non invasive. Sans effets secondaires connus, elle permet de moduler de manière transitoire l'activité et la connectivité du cerveau et possède de nombreuses applications cliniques.

Author: Jonathan Bouhan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 194

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Book Description
Ce travail a pour objet la description d'une technique de stimulation cérébrale non-invasive : la stimulation transcrânienne par courant continu ou tDCS. L'auteur s'est appuyé sur une revue bibliographique afin d'établir une synthèse des connaissances relatives à la tDCS. Dans une première partie, l'auteur retrace un historique des techniques de stimulation électrique. Cet exposé montre que l'utilisation de l'électricité est ancienne, et que des méthodes s'apparentant sous certains aspects à la tDCS ont déjà été utilisées à des fins thérapeutiques. La seconde partie résume des notions fondamentales relatives à l'électricité, afin de faciliter la compréhension des interactions physiques et biologiques qui sous-tendent le fonctionnement de cette technique. L'auteur s'attache aux aspects technologiques de la tDCS dans une troisième partie. Cette section inclut les considérations relatives à la sécurité de l'emploi et les contre-indications à son usage. Dans la quatrième partie sont rassemblées des données issues de la recherche, permettant de proposer des hypothèses explicatives relatives aux effets biologiques de la tDCS. Ainsi, il apparaît qu'elle module l'excitabilité corticale en altérant le potentiel de repos des neurones. Cette modification d'excitabilité peut être maintenue dans le temps grâce à des mécanismes liés à la plasticité à long terme. La dernière partie est axée sur les utilisations thérapeutiques actuelles de la tDCS, par la présentation de conclusions d'essais cliniques dans différents troubles psychiatriques et neurologiques ainsi que dans la prise en charge de la douleur. La synthèse des études publiées dévoile un potentiel thérapeutique de la tDCS dans plusieurs indications. Des données supplémentaires doivent être obtenues afin de l'expliquer au mieux en pratique clinique.

Author: Helena Knotkova
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319959484
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 651

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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and the clinical applications of this promising technique. Separated into three parts, the book begins with basic principles, mechanisms and approaches of tDCS. This is followed by a step-by-step practicum, methodological considerations and ethics and professional conduct pertaining to this novel technique. Chapters are authored by renowned experts who also direct and plan tDCS educational events worldwide. Bridging the existing gap in instructional materials for tDCS while addressing growing interest in education in this field, professionals within a broad range of medical disciplines will find this text to be an invaluable guide.

Author: Delphine Rajezakowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 94

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Book Description
La stimulation transcrânienne par courant continu (tDCS)estune technique dont l'étude est relativement récente. Cetravail reprend les hypothèses actuelles sur les mécanismes d'action de cette technique et explore les inconnues, notamment en lien avecsasécurité d'emploi. Il est ensuite abordé les inquiétudes que ces inconnues soulèvent, du fait de l'apparition, depuis plusieurs années.d'un mouvement «Do-lt-Yourself» tDCS,ausein duquel l'utilisation de la tDCSestdémédicaliséeet dont l'objectif principal est le dépassement de soi via l'amélioration de sescapacitésoognitives et physiques. Cependant, il est rappelé, en dernière partie de ce travail, que la tDCSreste une technique médicale amenant de l'espoir quant au traitement despathologies psychiatriques,avecla possibilité de l'utiliser à domicile, tout en restant prudent dans la supervision de cet usage.

Author: Carlo Miniussi
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1848727569
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 218

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Book Description
This book includes state-of-the art reviews, written by research leaders, of Non-Invasive Brain-Stimulation (NIBS) techniques for the cognitive rehabilitation of disorders of memory, language, perception, attention and executive functions.

Author: Simon Boniface
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139437771
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340

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Book Description
It is now well known that the functional organisation of the cerebral cortex is plastic and that changes in organisation occur throughout life in response to normal and abnormal experience. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive and painless technique that has opened up completely new and fascinating avenues to study neural plasticity. First, TMS can be used to detect changes in excitability or connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may have occurred through processes such as learning or recovery from a lesion. Second, repeated TMS by itself can induce changes in excitability and connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may be used therapeutically in neurological and psychiatric disease. Third, TMS can induce short-lasting 'virtual lesions', which may directly test the functional relevance of brain plasticity. Current knowledge of all these exciting possibilities is brought together in this book, written by the world's leading experts in the field. The book is an essential compendium on plasticity of the human brain for clinical neurophysiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.

Author: Conrad M. Swartz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139478869
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 619

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Book Description
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a psychiatric treatment involving the induction of a seizure through the transmission of electricity in the brain. Because of exploitation movies and greatly heightened drug company promotional activities ECT was used less frequently in the 1980s and 1990s. Eventually these movies were understood as unrealistic. Now these drugs are increasingly recognized as dangers to body health. Because of recent refinements and a far better scientific understanding of the clinical procedures and mechanisms underpinning ECT, this treatment modality has seen a resurgence in use and widespread appreciation of its safety. This book is the new definitive reference on electroconvulsive and neuromodulation therapies. It comprehensively covers the scientific basis and clinical practice of ECT as well as comparisons between ECT and medication therapies including the new generation of antipsychotic drugs. It also provides readers with administrative perspectives and specific details for the management of this modality in clinical practice. The new forms of nonconvulsive electrical and magnetic brain stimulation therapy are also covered in detail, in a separate section. The chapter authors are leading scholars and clinicians.

Author: Steven C. Cramer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139490656
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 307

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Book Description
Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.

Author: Jeffrey L. Saver
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108963439
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 585

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Book Description
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a leading cause of disability worldwide. This invaluable reference provides clinicians caring for stroke patients with ready access to the optimal evidence for best practice in stroke prevention, acute stroke treatment, and stroke recovery. Now an edited volume, the editors and authors, many of whom are members of the Cochrane Stroke Review Group, describe all available medical, endovascular, and surgical treatments; the rationale for using them; and the strength of the evidence for their safety and effectiveness. New chapters cover key, rapidly advancing therapeutic topics, including prehospital stroke care and regionalized stroke systems, endovascular reperfusion therapy, and electrical and magnetic brain stimulation to enhance recovery. This is an essential resource for clinicians translating into practice the many dramatic advances that have been made in the treatment and prevention of stroke, and suggesting the most appropriate interventions.