Stem Cells as Targeted Drug Delivery Vehicles PDF Download

Author: Rebecca Lim
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889664481
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description
Topic Editor RL is a patent inventor on exosome-related patents, PCT/AU2017/050821 and PCT/AU2016/050468. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.

Author: Phuc Van Pham
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319993283
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162

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Book Description
This invaluable resource discusses the current revolution in stem cell-based drugs and their potential use in clinical applications. Each chapter is contributed by a pre-eminent scientist in the field. An introductory section presents current stem cell drugs and stem cell-based products and a discussion of production, quality control, mechanisms, and efficacy. Following sections include discussions on stem cell-derived microvesicles based products, and derived exosomes based products. Stem Cell Drugs - A New Generation of Biopharmaceuticals and the other books in the Stem Cells in Clinical Applications series are invaluable to scientists, researchers, advanced students and clinicians working in stem cells, regenerative medicine or tissue engineering. This groundbreaking volume is also essential reading for those researching or studying drug development or pharmaceutical science.

Author: Dario Carradori
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are located in specific regions of the central nervous system called niches. Those cells are able to self-renew and to differentiate into specialized neuronal cells (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). Due to this differentiation property, NSCs are studied to replace neuronal cells and restore neurological functions in patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Several therapeutic approaches have been developed and endogenous NSC stimulation is one of the most promising. Currently, there is no active molecule or therapeutic system targeting endogenous CSNs and inducing their differentiation at the same time. The aim of the work was to provide a drug delivery system able both to target endogenous CSNs and to induce their differentiation in situ. Here, we developed and characterized lipidic nanoparticles (LNC) targeting endogenous NSCs. A peptide called NFL-TBS.40-63, known for its affinity towards NSCs, was adsorbed at the surface of LNC. We observed that NFL-LNC specifically targeted NSC from the brain and not from the spinal cord in vitro and in vivo. To explain this specificity, we characterized and compared NFL-LNC interactions with the plasmatic membrane of both cell types. Finally, we demonstrated that by loading retinoic acid in NFL-LNC we were able to induce brain NSC differentiation in vitro and in vivo. This work contributes to the development of efficient and safe therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease via the differentiation of endogenous NSCs.

Author: Rachael W. Sirianni
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493986590
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
This volume looks at the latest techniques used to enable therapeutic molecules to be targeted for site-specific delivery. The chapters in this book discuss topics such as approaches to express biologically derived and synthetic nanocarriers; strategies to assist in nanocarrier targeting to specific cells and tissues; and methods for evaluating delivery and efficiency for new classes of agents. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Targeted Drug Delivery: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding the diversity of methods used in this evolving field.

Author: Yaoliang Tang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128004975
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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Book Description
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are at the forefront of research in two of the most high profile and funded scientific areas – cardiovascular research and stem cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes provides insight into the biofunction and molecular mechanisms, practical tools for research, and a look toward the clinical applications of this exciting phenomenon which is emerging as an effective diagnostic. Primarily focused on the cardiovascular applications where there have been the greatest advancements toward the clinic, this is the first compendium for clinical and biomedical researchers who are interested in integrating MSC-derived exosomes as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. - Introduces the MSC-exosome mediated cell-cell communication - Covers the major functional benefits in current MSC-derived exosome studies - Discusses strategies for the use of MSC-derived exosomes in cardiovascular therapies

Author: Lorenzo R. Deveza
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a global medical and economic problem with high morbidity and mortality rates. CVD is often associated with partial occlusion of the blood vessels and tissue ischemia, and restoring blood supply to ischemic tissues is critical to prevent irreversible tissue damage. Therapeutic angiogenesis aims to stimulate the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, which offers a valuable tool for treating CVD. Several strategies have been developed to promote angiogenesis, including growth factor delivery and gene therapy. Direct delivery of angiogenic growth factors has the potential to stimulate new blood vessel growth. However, it is limited by short half-lives in vivo, and uncontrolled diffusion of angiogenic factors may also cause undesirable side effects. Gene therapy offers an alternative approach by delivering genes encoding angiogenic factors, but previous approaches often require the use of viral vectors for efficient gene delivery, and are limited by safety concerns such as immunogenicity. The goal of this thesis research is to develop novel strategies for stimulating therapeutic angiogenesis by harnessing stem cells as drug delivery vehicles and to validate the efficacy of non-viral engineered stem cells in vivo using mouse models of hindlimb ischemia. Our strategy takes advantage of the natural homing capacity of stem cells towards ischemic tissues in vivo, and their ability to secrete paracrine signals to stimulate blood vessel growth. Specifically we developed two strategies including: (1) isolating and transfecting stem cells ex vivo using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles to overexpress therapeutic genes, followed by transplanting non-viral engineered stem cells back to ischemic tissues; and (2) recruiting and programming endogenous stem cells in situ using biomaterials-mediated delivery of biologics. In the first strategy, we have chosen adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), an abundantly available autologous cell source that can be easily obtained in a minimally invasive manner. To enhance the paracrine signaling of ADSCs for therapeutic angiogenesis, we transfected ADSCs using in-house developed biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles, which eliminate the dependence on viruses for efficient gene delivery. Using the optimized polymeric vectors, we examined the efficacy of ADSCs overexpressing various angiogenic factors or homing factors on therapeutic angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Transplantation of non-viral engineered ADSCs led to significantly enhanced tissue salvage in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia with faster restoration of blood reperfusion and muscle regeneration. Our results suggest that stem cells programmed with biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles can serve as delivery vehicles to express therapeutic factors in situ to promote therapeutic angiogenesis. In the second strategy, we seek to circumvent the need of isolating and manipulating stem cells ex vivo by directly recruiting and transfecting endogenous progenitor cells in situ at the site of ischemia. To achieve this, we developed a biomaterials-mediated delivery platform for sequential release of stem cell homing factors and DNA encoding therapeutic genes. Our results show that biomaterials-mediated release of homing factors followed by delayed DNA delivery enhanced recruitment of endogenous progenitor cells and improved limb salvage in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of using microfluidic-synthesized microspheres to aid therapeutic angiogenesis using a biomaterials-mediated drug delivery depot.

Author: Leonora Buzanska
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319934856
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334

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Book Description
This book summarizes early pioneering achievements in the field of human neural stem cell (hNSC) research and combines them with the latest advances in stem cell technology, including reprogramming and gene editing. The powerful potential of hNSC to generate and repair the developing and adult CNS has been confirmed by numerous experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. The book presents methods for hNSC derivation and discusses the mechanisms underlying NSC in vitro fate decisions and their in vivo therapeutic mode of action. The long-standing dogma that the human central nervous system (CNS) lacks the ability to regenerate was refuted at the end of the 20th century, when evidence of the presence of neurogenic zones in the adult human brain was found. These neurogenic zones are home to human neural stem cells (hNSCs), which are capable of self-renewing and differentiating into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. NSCs isolated from human CNS have a number of clinical advantages, especially the innate potential to differentiate into functional neural cells. Nevertheless, their full clinical exploitation has been hindered by limited access to the tissue and low expansion potential. The search for an alternative to CNS sources of autologous, therapeutically competent hNSCs was the driving force for the many studies proving the in vitro plasticity of different somatic stem cells to generate NSCs and their functional progeny. Now the era of induced pluripotent stem cells has opened entirely new opportunities to achieve research and therapeutic goals with the aid of hNSCs.

Author: You Han Bae
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461478766
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 717

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Book Description
This book was conceived from a simple question as to why cancer is so difficult to treat. Ultimately we want to find ways to cure cancers, but that may be an elusive dream at least with the technologies we have now and expect to have in the near future. This leads the question of whether it is possible to improve current cancer treatment methods, especially from the perspective of enhancing targeted drug delivery to tumors. This volume is designed to provide information related to the difficulties in treating cancers through targeted drug delivery, our current understanding of cancer biology, and potential technologies that might be used to achieve enhanced drug delivery to tumors. An ideal drug delivery system for treating cancers would maximize the therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects in clinical applications. The seemingly improved anticancer efficacy of the current nanoparticle-based formulations needs to be viewed from the context of very poor success rates for translation to human applications. The results of in vitro cell culture models and small animal in vivo experiments have not been extrapolated to clinical applications. Finding the reasons for the lack of successful translation is required if we are to discover approaches to substantially extend the survival time of cancer patients, and hopefully identify cures. Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery: Elusive Dream describes some answers of achieving the so far elusive dream of treating cancers like other chronic diseases with therapies that focus using improved drug delivery systems designed to better align with the unique biological and physiological properties of cancer.

Author: Phuc Van Pham
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319980653
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Book Description
This invaluable resource discusses insights ranging from basic biological mechanisms of various types of stem cells through the potential applications in the treatment of human diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders. These discoveries are placed within the structural context of tissue and developmental biology in sections dealing with recent advances in understanding different types of stem cell biology and their potential applications in tissue repair and regeneration and in the treatment different types of human cancer and genetic diseases or disorders. Stem Cells for Cancer and Genetic Disease Treatment and the other books in the Stem Cells in Clinical Applicationsseries will be invaluable to scientists, researchers, advanced students and clinicians working in stem cells, regenerative medicine or tissue engineering as well as cancer or genetics research.

Author: Heather A. E. Benson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119769604
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 580

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Book Description
A comprehensive guide to the current research, major challenges, and future prospects of controlled drug delivery systems Controlled drug delivery has the potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcomes, increase clinical benefits, and enhance the safety of drugs in a wide range of diseases and health conditions. Fundamentals of Drug Delivery provides comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the essential principles and processes of modern controlled drug delivery systems. Featuring contributions by respected researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical industry professionals, this edited volume reviews the latest research in the field and addresses the many issues central to the development of effective, controlled drug delivery. Divided in three parts, the book begins by introducing the concept of drug delivery and discussing both challenges and opportunities within the rapidly evolving field. The second section presents an in-depth critique of the common administration routes for controlled drug delivery, including delivery through skin, the lungs, and via ocular, nasal, and otic routes. The concluding section summarizes the current state of the field and examines specific issues in drug delivery and advanced delivery technologies, such as the use of nanotechnology in dermal drug delivery and advanced drug delivery systems for biologics. This authoritative resource: Covers each main stage of the drug development process, including selecting pharmaceutical candidates and evaluating their physicochemical characteristics Describes the role and application of mathematical modelling and the influence of drug transporters in pharmacokinetics and drug disposition Details the physiology and barriers to drug delivery for each administration route Presents a historical perspective and a look into the possible future of advanced drug delivery systems Explores nanotechnology and cell-mediated drug delivery, including applications for targeted delivery and toxicological and safety issues Includes comprehensive references and links to the primary literature Edited by a team of of internationally-recognized experts, Fundamentals of Drug Delivery is essential reading for researchers, industrial scientists, and advanced students in all areas of drug delivery including pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical sciences, biomedical engineering, polymer and materials science, and chemical and biochemical engineering.