Author: Mohammad AzizanPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Steam Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons for Hydrogen Production
Author: Mohammad AzizanSteam Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons for Hydrogen Production Over Metal Catalysts
Author: Sushil AdhikariPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
With the increase in production of biodiesel, a glut of glycerol has resulted in the world market. Glycerol, once a valuable chemical, has become a recalcitrant byproduct. It is also a potential renewable feedstock for hydrogen production. This study is focused on hydrogen production from glycerol steam reforming. During the initial stage, effect of process variables, such as system pressure (1-5 atm), temperature (327-727 °C) were calculated by the method of Gibbs free energy minimization. The study revealed that the best conditions for producing hydrogen is at temperature> 627 °C, atmospheric pressure, and water/glycerol molar ratio (WGMR) 9:1. As a part of catalysts screening, 14 catalysts were prepared on monoliths and tested for their activity. Effects of those catalysts on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion in temperatures ranging from 600-900 °C were discussed. Ni/Al2O3 and Rh/CeO2/Al2O3 were found to be the best performing catalysts based on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion under the conditions investigated in this study. Also, the effect of WGMR, metal loading, and feed flow rate (FFR) were analyzed for the two best performing catalysts. Subsequently, effect of CeO2, MgO, and TiO2 supported Ni catalysts on hydrogen production from glycerol was studied. Effects of reaction temperature, FFR, and WGMR on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion were also analyzed. Ni/CeO2 was found to be the best performing catalyst when compared to Ni/MgO and Ni/TiO2 under the experimental conditions investigated. The activation energy of glycerol reforming reaction was found to be 103 kJ/mol, and the reaction order with respect to glycerol was 0.23 over Ni/CeO2 catalysts based on the power law.
STEAM REFORMING OF OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION OVER METAL CATALYSTS.
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
With the increase in production of biodiesel, a glut of glycerol has resulted in the world market. Glycerol, once a valuable chemical, has become a recalcitrant byproduct. It is also a potential renewable feedstock for hydrogen production. This study is focused on hydrogen production from glycerol steam reforming. During the initial stage, effect of process variables, such as system pressure (1-5 atm), temperature (327 727 oC), and water/glycerol molar ratio of (1:1-9:1) on hydrogen yield was investigated using a thermodynamic analysis. The equilibrium concentrations of different compounds were calculated by the method of Gibbs free energy minimization. The study revealed that the best conditions for producing hydrogen is at temperature> 627 oC, atmospheric pressure, and water/glycerol molar ratio (WGMR) 9:1. As a part of catalysts screening, 14 catalysts were prepared on monoliths and tested for their activity. Effects of those catalysts on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion in temperatures ranging from 600-900 oC were discussed. Ni/Al2O3 and Rh/CeO2/Al2O3 were found to be the best performing catalysts based on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion under the conditions investigated in this study. Also, the effect of WGMR, metal loading, and feed flow rate (FFR) were analyzed for the two best performing catalysts. Subsequently, effect of CeO2, MgO, and TiO2 supported Ni catalysts on hydrogen production from glycerol was studied. Effects of reaction temperature, FFR, and WGMR on hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion were also analyzed. Ni/CeO2 was found to be the best performing catalyst when compared to Ni/MgO and Ni/TiO2 under the experimental conditions investigated. The activation energy of glycerol reforming reaction was found to be 103 kJ/mol, and the reaction order with respect to glycerol was 0.23 over Ni.
Hydrogen Production by Aqueous-phase Reforming of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons Over Supported Metal Catalysts
Author: Rupali R. DavdaBasic Principles in Applied Catalysis
Author: Manfred BaernsPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662059819
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 540
Book Description
Written by a team of internationally recognized experts, this book addresses the most important types of catalytic reactions and catalysts as used in industrial practice. Both applied aspects and the essential scientific principles are described. The main topics can be summarized as follows: heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis, catalyst preparation and characterization, catalytic reaction engineering and kinetics, catalyst deactivation and industrial perspective.
Hydrogen Production by Aqueous Phase Reforming of Light Oxygenated Hydrocarbons
Author: John W. ShabakerHydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology
Author: JianHua YanPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811036594
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 107
Book Description
This book provides an overview of hydrogen production from renewable resources such as ethanol using plasma or plasma-catalytic technologies. Further, it presents a balanced and comprehensive treatment of the core principles, novel plasma reactors and diagnostics, as well as state-of-the-art plasma energy applications. It brings together technological advances and research on plasma generators and their application in hydrogen production, including plasma-assisted alcohol reforming technology, plasma-catalytic alcohol reforming technology, the alcohol reforming mechanism, models of alcohol reforming for hydrogen production, the energy balance of hydrogen production from ethanol, and a comparison of alcohol reforming assisted by different plasma treatment systems. As such, it offers a valuable reference guide for scientists, engineers and graduate students in the fields of energy and environment, plasma physics and chemistry.
Hydrogen Production Technologies
Author: Mehmet SankirPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119283655
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 653
Book Description
Provides a comprehensive practical review of the new technologies used to obtain hydrogen more efficiently via catalytic, electrochemical, bio- and photohydrogen production. Hydrogen has been gaining more attention in both transportation and stationary power applications. Fuel cell-powered cars are on the roads and the automotive industry is demanding feasible and efficient technologies to produce hydrogen. The principles and methods described herein lead to reasonable mitigation of the great majority of problems associated with hydrogen production technologies. The chapters in this book are written by distinguished authors who have extensive experience in their fields, and readers will have a chance to compare the fundamental production techniques and learn about the pros and cons of these technologies. The book is organized into three parts. Part I shows the catalytic and electrochemical principles involved in hydrogen production technologies. Part II addresses hydrogen production from electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) by decomposing organic compound into hydrogen in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). The final part of the book is concerned with photohydrogen generation. Recent developments in the area of semiconductor-based nanomaterials, specifically semiconductor oxides, nitrides and metal free semiconductor-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production are extensively discussed.
Hydrogen Production from Steam Reforming of Light Hydrocarbons in an Autothermic System
Author: Liyan MaFuel Cells: Technologies for Fuel Processing
Author: Dushyant ShekhawatPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444535640
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 569
Book Description
Fuel Cells: Technologies for Fuel Processing provides an overview of the most important aspects of fuel reforming to the generally interested reader, researcher, technologist, teacher, student, or engineer. The topics covered include all aspects of fuel reforming: fundamental chemistry, different modes of reforming, catalysts, catalyst deactivation, fuel desulfurization, reaction engineering, novel reforming concepts, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer issues, system design, and recent research and development. While no attempt is made to describe the fuel cell itself, there is sufficient description of the fuel cell to show how it affects the fuel reformer. By focusing on the fundamentals, this book aims to be a source of information now and in the future. By avoiding time-sensitive information/analysis (e.g., economics) it serves as a single source of information for scientists and engineers in fuel processing technology. The material is presented in such a way that this book will serve as a reference for graduate level courses, fuel cell developers, and fuel cell researchers. - Chapters written by experts in each area - Extensive bibliography supporting each chapter - Detailed index - Up-to-date diagrams and full colour illustrations