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Author: Carsten Wiuf Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199532877 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
A collection of chapters from carefully chosen experts covering the theory behind the complex mathematical, statistical, and bioinformatics tools needed to extract, handle, and process data and their application to real data.
Author: Carsten Wiuf Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199532877 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
A collection of chapters from carefully chosen experts covering the theory behind the complex mathematical, statistical, and bioinformatics tools needed to extract, handle, and process data and their application to real data.
Author: Carsten Wiuf Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191579955 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
Molecular understanding of cancer and cancer progression is at the forefront of many research programs today. High-throughput array technologies and other modern molecular techniques produce a wealth of molecular data about the structure, and function of cells, tissues, and organisms. Correctly analyzed and interpreted these data hold the promise of bringing new markers for prognostic and diagnostic use, for new treatment schemes, and of gaining new biological insight into the evolution of cancer and its molecular, pathological, and clinical consequences. Aimed at graduates and researchers, this book discusses novel advances in informatics and statistics in molecular cancer research. Through eight chapters from carefully chosen experts it brings the reader up to date with specific topics in cancer research, how the topics give rise to development of new informatics and statistics tools, and how the tools can be applied. The focus of the book is to give the reader an understanding of key concepts and tools, rather than focusing on technical issues. A main theme is the extensive use of array technologies in modern cancer research - gene expression and exon arrays, SNP and copy number arrays, and methylation arrays - to derive quantitative and qualitative statements about cancer, its progression and aetiology, and to understand how these technologies on one hand allow us learn about cancer tissue as a complex system and on the other hand allow us to pinpoint key genes and events as crucial for the development of the disease.
Author: Michael F. Ochs Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441957146 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 293
Book Description
view, showing that multiple molecular pathways must be affected for cancer to develop, but with different specific proteins in each pathway mutated or differentially expressed in a given tumor (The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2008; Parsons et al. 2008). Different studies demonstrated that while widespread mutations exist in cancer, not all mutations drive cancer development (Lin et al. 2007). This suggests a need to target only a deleterious subset of aberrant proteins, since any tre- ment must aim to improve health to justify its potential side effects. Treatment for cancer must become highly individualized, focusing on the specific aberrant driver proteins in an individual. This drives a need for informatics in cancer far beyond the need in other diseases. For instance, routine treatment with statins has become widespread for minimizing heart disease, with most patients responding to standard doses (Wilt et al. 2004). In contrast, standard treatment for cancer must become tailored to the molecular phenotype of an individual tumor, with each patient receiving a different combination of therapeutics aimed at the specific aberrant proteins driving the cancer. Tracking the aberrations that drive cancers, identifying biomarkers unique to each individual for molecular-level di- nosis and treatment response, monitoring adverse events and complex dosing schedules, and providing annotated molecular data for ongoing research to improve treatments comprise a major biomedical informatics need.
Book Description
The book will provide an exhaustive and clear explanation of how Statistics, Mathematics and Informatics have been used in cancer research, and seeks to help cancer researchers in achieving their objectives. To do so, state-of-the-art Biostatistics, Biomathematics and Bioinformatics methods will be described and discussed in detail through illustrative and capital examples taken from cancer research work already published. The book will provide a guide for cancer researchers in using Statistics, Mathematics and Informatics, clarifying the contribution of these logical sciences to the study of cancer, thoroughly explaining their procedures and methods, and providing criteria to their appropriate use.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309259517 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
As information technology becomes an integral part of health care, it is important to collect and analyze data in a way that makes the information understandable and useful. Informatics tools-which help collect, organize, and analyze data-are essential to biomedical and health research and development. The field of cancer research is facing an overwhelming deluge of data, heightening the national urgency to find solutions to support and sustain the cancer informatics ecosystem. There is a particular need to integrate research and clinical data to facilitate personalized medicine approaches to cancer prevention and treatment-for example, tailoring treatment based on an individual patient's genetic makeup as well as that of the tumor-and to allow for more rapid learning from patient experiences. To further examine informatics needs and challenges for 21st century biomedical research, the IOM's National Cancer Policy Forum held a workshop February 27-28, 2012. The workshop was designed to raise awareness of the critical and urgent importance of the challenges, gaps and opportunities in informatics; to frame the issues surrounding the development of an integrated system of cancer informatics for acceleration of research; and to discuss solutions for transformation of the cancer informatics enterprise. Informatics Needs and Challenges in Cancer Research: Workshop Summary summarizes the workshop.
Author: Michael F. Ochs Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781441957139 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
view, showing that multiple molecular pathways must be affected for cancer to develop, but with different specific proteins in each pathway mutated or differentially expressed in a given tumor (The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2008; Parsons et al. 2008). Different studies demonstrated that while widespread mutations exist in cancer, not all mutations drive cancer development (Lin et al. 2007). This suggests a need to target only a deleterious subset of aberrant proteins, since any tre- ment must aim to improve health to justify its potential side effects. Treatment for cancer must become highly individualized, focusing on the specific aberrant driver proteins in an individual. This drives a need for informatics in cancer far beyond the need in other diseases. For instance, routine treatment with statins has become widespread for minimizing heart disease, with most patients responding to standard doses (Wilt et al. 2004). In contrast, standard treatment for cancer must become tailored to the molecular phenotype of an individual tumor, with each patient receiving a different combination of therapeutics aimed at the specific aberrant proteins driving the cancer. Tracking the aberrations that drive cancers, identifying biomarkers unique to each individual for molecular-level di- nosis and treatment response, monitoring adverse events and complex dosing schedules, and providing annotated molecular data for ongoing research to improve treatments comprise a major biomedical informatics need.
Author: Igor Jurisica Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387693211 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
Cancer Informatics in Post-Genomic Era provides both the necessary methodology and practical information tools for analyzing data in the field of medical information science. This, of course, requires analytic tools. Those tools are garnered by developing and assessing methods and systems for the acquisition, processing, and interpretation of patient data, aided by scientific discovery. Key challenges in this field include integrating research and clinical care, sharing data, and establishing partnerships within and across sectors of patient diagnosis and treatment.
Author: John S. Silva Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780387953281 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 412
Book Description
Cancer Informatics chronicles the development of the National Cancer Institute's new Cancer Informatics Infrastructure (CII) - an information management system infrastructure designed to faciliate clinical trials, provide for reliable, secure information exchange, and improve patient care. The book details the challenges involved in creating and managing such a knowledge base, including technologies, standards, and current, state-of-the-art applications. The ultimate goal of CII is to function as an enabler of clinical trials, expediting the clinical trials lifecycle, faciliating faster and safer drug development and more appropriate treatment choices for cancer patients. Contributors address the role the CII must play in converting the growing knowledge of genes, proteins, and pathways into appropriate preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Presented in four sections, the first provides an overview of the processes involved in moving the infrastructure for cancer from theory into practice. Sections two through four offer the latest work done in the areas of technology, cancer-specific and national standards, and applications to faciliate clinical trials.
Author: Paul A. Fearn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
The generalizable contribution of Chapter 6 is a tool for shifting the work of manual data abstraction so that it generates training and validation data suitable for development of automated clinical data processing algorithms (e.g., statistical algorithms, NLP, machine learning). This tool was built with a technology partner, LabKey Software, so that it can be portable to other clients, scalable, and extensible to different clinical data sources and databases. Other groups are already adopting this tool. The generalizable contributions of Chapter 8 are the following. First, it provides a description of cancer registries and cancer surveillance from an informatics perspective, including the case for automation. Second, it contributes a review of informatics tools and methods applied to cancer registries that indicates potential for automation of clinical data processing. Third, it identifies cancer registries and cancer surveillance as an area for funding and advancing biomedical informatics research.
Author: Terrence Adam Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030186261 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This book adopts an integrated and workflow-based treatment of the field of personalized and precision medicine (PPM). Outlined within are established, proven and mature workflows as well as emerging and highly-promising opportunities for development. Each workflow is reviewed in terms of its operation and how they are enabled by a multitude of informatics methods and infrastructures. The book goes on to describe which parts are crucial to discovery and which are essential to delivery and how each of these interface and feed into one-another. Personalized and Precision Medicine Informatics provides a comprehensive review of the integrative as well as interpretive nature of the topic and brings together a large body of literature to define the topic and ensure that this is the key reference for the topic. It is an unique contribution that is positioned to be an essential guide for both PPM experts and non-experts, and for both informatics and non-informatics professionals.