Statistical Mechanics of Supramolecular Self-assembly in Soft Matter Systems PDF Download

Author: William Stuart Fall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: C.N. Likos
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 1614996628
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 494

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Self-assembly is one of the key concepts in contemporary soft condensed matter. It is an umbrella term which encompasses the various modes of spontaneous organization of micrometer-and submicrometer-sized particles into ordered structures of various degrees of complexity, yet it often relies on remarkably simple interactions and mechanisms. Self-assembly is one of the key principles used by nature to construct living matter, where it frequently takes place in a hierarchical fashion. This book contains the lectures from the Enrico Fermi summer school: Soft Matter Self-assembly, held in Varenna, Italy, in June and July 2015. The primary aim of the school was to cover the most exciting modern aspects of self-assembly in soft condensed matter physics, and to enable Ph.D. students and postdocs to engage with some of the most exciting and current topics in the physics of colloids through a series of mini-courses and seminars hosted by leading figures in the field. Subjects covered include: colloids with directional bonding; pathways of self-organization; self-assembly hydrodynamics; polymer structure and dynamics; liquid-crystal colloid dispersions; and self-organizing nanosystems. The proceedings also include two reprints from Reviews of Modern Physics, and will be of interest to both students and experts in the field.

Author: Richard A.L. Jones
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198505891
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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This text offers an introduction to the properties and behaviour of soft matter. It begins with a treatment of the underlying principles, then discusses how the properties of certain substances and systems are treated within this framework.

Author: Alexandros Chremos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 119

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The term "soft matter" applies to a variety of physical systems, such as liquids, colloids, polymers, foams, gels, and granular materials. The most fascinating aspect of soft matter lies in the fact that they are not atomic or molecular in nature. They are instead macromolecular aggregates, whose spatial extent lies in the domain 1 nm to 1 1m. Some of the most important examples of soft matter are polymers, which exhibit intriguing and useful physical properties. In this work, the adsorption and self assembly of linear and star polymers on smooth surfaces are studied using coarse-grained, bead-springmolecular models and Langevin dynamics computer simulations. The aim is to gain insight on atomic-forcemicroscopy images of polymer films on mica surfaces, adsorbed from dilute solution following a good solvent-to-bad solvent quenching procedure. In the case of linear polymers, under certain experimental conditions, a bimodal cluster distribution is observed. It is demonstrated that this type of distribution can be reproduced in the simulations, and rationalized on the basis of the polymer structures prior to the quench. In addition to providing insight on experimental observations, the simulation results support a number of predicted scaling laws such as the decay of the monomer density as a function of distance from the surface, and the scaling of the filmheight with the strength of the polymer-surface interactions. Star polymers represent a special class of polymers, in which one end of each linear chain is tethered to a small central core to forma single particle. The discovery of these molecules led to the synthesis of a wide range of new materials. Their structures are effectively considered as intermediate between those of colloids and linear polymers. We explore the behaviour of the star polymers (which are like "soft colloids") in the proximity of a surface, using Langevin dynamics simulations. A number of different measurements such as the height, radius of gyration, and asphericity of adsorbed stars with different number of arms, are shown to provide valuable insights on experimental findings. The simplest soft matter systems consist of spherical, rigid colloidal particles. Examples of such particles are chemically synthesized polystyrene or silica particles. We investigated the neighbour distribution in a two-dimensional polydisperse harddisk fluid, corresponding physically to a colloidal monolayer. The disk diameter distribution was defined by a power-law with the aim of realizing a scale-free nearneighbour network. Scale-free (power-law) behaviour is found in many important networks, for example, in transportation systems, biochemical reactions, scientific and movie-actor collaborations, and sexual contacts. We have provided the first example of a scale-free network in amodel condensed-matter system. Finally, we use genetic algorithms, a method for efficiently searching for minima on energy landscapes, to investigate the ordered equilibrium structures formed by binary mixtures of anisotropic dipolar particles confined on a plane, under the presence of an external magnetic field. The anisotropy of the interparticle forces is controlled by tilting the external magnetic field with respect to the plane. Initially, as the field is tilted the structures are only slightly perturbed, but once the anisotropy exceeds a critical value, completely new structures emerge.

Author: Redouane Borsali
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140204464X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1490

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This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.

Author: Mohamed Daoud
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344

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In a liquid crystal watch, the molecules contained within a thin film of the screen are reorientated each second by extremely weak electrical signals. Here is a fine example of soft matter: molecular systems giving a strong response to a very weak command signal. They can be found almost everywhere. Soft magnetic materials used in transformers exhibit a strong magnetic moment under the action of a weak magnetic field. Take a completely different domain: gelatin, formed from col lagen fibres dissolved in hot water. When we cool below 37°C, gelation occurs, the chains joining up at various points to form a loose and highly deformable network. This is a natural example of soft matter. Going further, rather than consider a whole network, we could take a single chain of flexible polymer, such as polyoxyethylene [POE = (CH CH O)N, 2 2 5 where N rv 10 ], for example, in water. Such a chain is fragile and may break under flow. Even though hydrodynamic forces are very weak on the molecular scale, their cumulated effect may be significant. Think of a rope pulled from both ends by two groups of children. Even if each girl and boy cannot pull very hard, the rope can be broken when there are enough children pulling.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Traditional topics such as physics, chemistry and mathematics have immensely changed the world in the twentieth century, but the twenty-first century seems to be that of soft condensed matter physics, which has already shown its tremendous possibilities to influence the everyday human life through its technological manifestations such as biotechnology and soft nano technology. Unlike the traditional topics, soft condensed matter physics has an interdisciplinary nature. It studies systems that usually come under chemistry or biology, using the methods of physics and mathematics and hence, transcends the frontiers between the subjects. Soft matter may be classified into three main classes; colloidal dispersions, polymers and polymer melts and liquid crystals. Study of single polymer chains is a fascinating topic that provides insights to understand many processes occurring in biological systems. Here, we present analytical studies of a few such processes, involving single polymer chains. In fact, there are a number of biological processes, which involve the dynamics of a single polymer chain. Due to the importance of Brownian motion at the mesoscopic level, soft matter systems are always studied using the analytical as well as computational methods of statistical mechanics. The statistical mechanics of polymers has been developed into a fascinating topic due to the contributions from the theory of random walks and path integrals. The dynamical behavior of many-particle systems has been described traditionally by the so-called rate theories. Here, we use these classical approaches to study a few biological processes that involve single polymer chains. The kind of processes that we have investigated may be categorized into two, namely the processes that leads to conformational changes in a chain molecule and the processes involving spatial translocation of a polymer. In the first category, we have considered the dynamics of semiflexible polymer loops. Loop formation of.

Author: Katsuhiko Ariga
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323994733
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 648

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Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures

Author: Adriana Compagnoni
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030242021
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Bio-Inspired Information and Communications Technologies, held in Pittsburgh, PA, USA, in March 2019. The 13 revised full papers and 2 short papers were selected from 29 submissions. Past iterations of the conference have attracted contributions in Direct Bioinspiration (physical biological materials and systems used within technology) as well as Indirect Bioinspiration (biological principles, processes and mechanisms used within the design and application of technology). This year, the scope has expanded to include a third thrust: Foundational Bioinspiration (bioinspired aspects of game theory, evolution, information theory, and philosophy of science).

Author: A.T. Skjeltorp
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402023405
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 259

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This volume comprises the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Geilo, Norway, 24 March - 3 April 2003, the seventeenth ASI in a series held every two years since 1971. The objective of this ASI was to identify and discuss areas where synergism between modern physics, soft condensed matter and biology might be most fruitful. The main pedagogical approach was to have lecturers focussing on basic understanding of important aspects of the relative role of the various interaction- electrostatic, hydrophobic, steric, conformational, van der Waals etc. Soft condensed matter and the connection between physics and biology have been the themes of several earlier Geilo Schools. A return to these subjects thus allowed a fresh look and a possibility for defining new directions for research. Examples of soft materials, which were discussed at this ASI, included colloidal dispersions, gels, biopolymers and charged polymer solutions, polyelectrolytes, protein/membrane complexes, nucleic acids and their complexes. Indeed, most forms of condensed matter are soft and these substances are composed of aggregates and macromolecules, with interactions that are too weak and complex to form crystals spontaneously. A characteristic feature is that small external forces, slight perturbations in temperature, pressure or concentration, can all be enough to induce significant structural changes. Thermal fluctuations are almost by definition strong in soft materials and entropy is a predominant determinant of structure, so that disorder, slow dynamics and plastic deformation are the rule. Hence the phrase ‘soft condensed matter’ has been coined.