Stable-isotope and Trace-element Composition on Ostracode Shells and Their Application to Paleoclimatic Reconstruction in the Northern Great Plains PDF Download

Author: Juanjuan Xia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Author: Jonathan A. Holmes
Publisher: American Geophysical Union
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332

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Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 131. Scientists generally acknowledge that the reconstruction of past environments requires the use of multiple indicators or proxies. Biological remains, which figure prominently in many studies, offer different values for different purposes. Whereas scientists frequently use and well understand some biological proxies, for example, the foraminifers in marine environments and pollen grains in terrestrial settings, other biological proxies are underutilised. In this book, we focus on one such indicator of Quaternary paleoenvironmental phenomena: the ostracods or, as they are sometimes known, ostracodes. Ostracods are small aquatic crustaceans that secrete shells or valves made of calcite, which are often preserved in Quaternary sediments. In addition to providing a complementary line of evidence in multi-proxy investigations, ostracods have a number of specific advantages as biological proxies. First, they are sensitive to a range of ecological variables, such as habitat type and water composition. Second, their shells can be used in geochemical and isotope analyses and, because shell secretion is a rapid process, the results provide a "snapshot" of water conditions. Third, ostracods are often preserved in environments where other important biological proxies are not; in alkaline environments, for example, ostracods are well preserved, yet diatoms tend to be dissolved. Thus, we seek to encourage Quaternary scientists working both in marine and non-marine environments to make more routine use of ostracods in their work.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic biology
Languages : en
Pages : 536

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Author: William M. Last
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306476703
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 532

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Theory Instrumentation NIR analysis of sediment samples Uses of NIRS in palaeolimnology Future perspectives Summary References Fly-ash particles. Neil Rose 319 12. Introduction A brief history Methods of extraction and enumeration Temporal distribution Spatial distribution Source apportionment The future Summary Acknowledgements References Part III: Stable Isotope Techniques 13. Application of stable isotope techniques to inorganic and biogenic carbonates. Emi Ito 351 Introduction Nomenclature and systematics of lake-water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios of lake-water of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) Carbonates in lake-sediments Mollusks Ostracodes Charaphytes Isotope analysis Preparation of carbonate samples for isotope analysis Conclusions Summary Acknowledgments References 14. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of lake sediment cellulose: methods and applications. Brent B. Wolfe, Thomas W. D. Edwards, Richard J. Elgood & Kristina R. M. Beuning 373 xi Introduction Stable isotope tracers in lake Historical development Methods Key criteria for paleohydrologic reconstruction Applications Future research directions Summary Acknowledgements References Nitrogen isotopes in palaeolimnology. Michael R. Talbot 15. 401 Introduction Nitrogen in lakes: forms and distribution Nitrogen isotopes Nitrogen isotope studies in palaeolimnology: sampling and measurement Some examples Closing remarks Summary Acknowledgments References Glossary, acronyms and abbreviations 441 Index 493 xiii PREFACE The explosive growth of paleolimnology over the past two decades has provided impetus for the publication of this series of monographs detailing the numerous advances and new techniques being applied to the interpretation of lake histories. This is the second volume in the series and deals mainly with physical and geochemical analytical techniques.

Author: Michael R. Rosen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030665763
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592

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This book honors the career of Professor Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch who was a pioneer and leader in the field of limnogeology since the 1980s. Her work was instrumental in guiding students and professionals in the field until her untimely death in 2016. This collection of chapters was written by her colleagues and students and recognize the important role that Professor Gierlowski-Kordesch had in advancing the field of limnogeology. The chapters show the breadth of her reach as these have been contributed from virtually every continent. This book will be a primary reference for scientists, professionals and graduate students who are interested in the latest advances in limnogeologic processes and basin descriptions in North and South America, Europe, Africa, and China. *Free supplementary material available online for chapters 3,11,12 and 13. Access by searching for the book on link.springer.com

Author: Pradeep K. Aggarwal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402030231
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Environmental isotope and nuclear techniques provide unmatched insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability. This monograph presents state of the art applications and new developments of isotopes in hydrology, environmental disciplines and climate change studies. Coverage ranges from the assessment of groundwater resources in terms of recharge and flow regime to studies of the past and present global environmental and climate changes.

Author: Pratul Kumar Saraswati
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319145746
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223

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This book will help readers learn the basic skills needed to study microfossils especially those without a formal background in paleontology. It details key principles, explains how to identify different groups of microfossils, and provides insight into their potential applications in solving geologic problems. Basic principles are addressed with examples that explore the strengths and limitations of microfossils and their geological records. This overview provides an understanding of taphonomy and quality of the fossil records, biomineralization and biogeochemistry, taxonomy, concepts of species, and basic concepts of ecology. Readers learn about the major groups of microfossils, including their morphology, ecology, and geologic history. Coverage includes: foraminifera, ostracoda, coccolithophores, pteropods, radiolaria, diatoms, silicoflagellates, conodonts, dinoflagellates, acritarch, and spores and pollens. In this coverage, marine microfossils, and particularly foraminifera, are discussed in more detail compared with the other groups as they continue to play a major role in most scientific investigations. Among the various tracers of earth history, microfossils provide the most diverse kinds of information to earth scientists. This richly illustrated volume will help students and professionals understand microfossils, and provide insight on how to work with them to better understand evolution of life, and age and the paleoenvironment of sedimentary strata.

Author: Patrick De Deckker
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Ostracods belong to a group of microfossils found in nearly all types of aquatic environments. These microcrustaceans, characterized by a bivalved, calcitic carapace, are used to reconstruct ancient environments. For example, they can help to provide information on palaeoclimates, palaeogeography, the formation of deep oceans, sea level changes, etc. This book endeavours to bring about a greater understanding of their usefulness in many aspects of geological sciences, and provides suggestions for future research. It is principally intended for the non-specialist, and shows many applications of ostracods to help solve geological problems and phenomena. Topics reviewed assume no prior knowledge of palaeontology, and thus terminology is kept simple. There is an exhaustive index, and an appendix supplying additional references on significant sources of information on ostracods. This book aims to deliver information on ostracods to those people not usually interested in the literature of palaeontology and also to awaken an interest in the Ostracoda by referring to more specialized articles published elsewhere.

Author: Reinhard Pienitz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402021267
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 579

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Concerns about the effects of global climate change have focused attention on the vulnerability of circumpolar regions. This book offers a synthesis of the spectrum of techniques available for generating long-term environmental records from circumpolar lakes.

Author: Wallace S. Broecker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 354

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