Author: Duncan Mac PhersonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Stable Calcium Isotopes as tracers in studies of mineral metabolism
Author: Duncan Mac PhersonStable Calcium Isotopes as Tracers in Studies of Mineral Metabolism
Author: G. Duncan McPhersonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 92
Book Description
Calcium Isotopes
Author: Elizabeth M. GriffithPublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108847595
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Precise measurements of the calcium (Ca) isotopes have provided constraints on Ca cycling at global and local scales, and quantified rates of carbonate diagenesis in marine sedimentary systems. Key to applying Ca isotopes as a geochemical tracer of Ca cycling, carbonate (bio)mineralization, and diagenesis is an understanding of the impact of multiple factors potentially impacting Ca isotopes in the rock record. These factors include variations in stable isotopic fractionation factors, the influence of local-scale Ca cycling on Ca isotopic gradients in carbonate settings, carbonate dissolution and reprecipitation, and the relationship between the Ca isotopic composition of seawater and mineral phases that record the secular evolution of seawater chemistry.
The Application of Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry and Two Enriched Stable Isotope Tracers in Studies of Calcium Metabolism in Human Lactation
Author: Arthur BogoiasPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 468
Book Description
Calcium is an important mineral for several physiological functions in humans and its absorption and transfer kinetics within the body are the subject of ongoing research. In this study two stable calcium isotope tracers were administered to lactating human subjects in trace quantities. The quantities of tracer excreted in urine samples (taken daily) were calculated from isotopic ratios measured in urine calcium extracts using thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. From the measured data it was possible to obtain precise determinations of fractional intestinal absorption, tracer depletion or washout profiles as tracer was excreted over time. A three-phase model of tracer washout was evident which strongly supported a three-exponential model for calcium transfer after initial intestinal absorption. In the second part of this study, ingestion of dietary calcium supplements lifted total calcium intake well above the recommended daily intake. The effect on fractional intestinal absorption of excess calcium intake by women in lactation was then determined. The economics of research in this area is dependent upon the high cost of stable isotope tracers and the mass spectrometric technique. Experimental procedures had to be developed to enable very small tracer doses to be used and high precision in measurement of isotopic ratios to be achieved. This study outlines the procedures developed and the precision that could be routinely achieved.
Calcium Stable Isotope Geochemistry
Author: Nikolaus GussonePublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540689532
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
This book provides an overview of the fundamentals and reference values for Ca stable isotope research, as well as current analytical methodologies including detailed instructions for sample preparation and isotope analysis. As such, it introduces readers to the different fields of application, including low-temperature mineral precipitation and biomineralisation, Earth surface processes and global cycling, high-temperature processes and cosmochemistry, and lastly human studies and biomedical applications. The current state of the art in these major areas is discussed, and open questions and possible future directions are identified. In terms of its depth and coverage, the current work extends and complements the previous reviews of Ca stable isotope geochemistry, addressing the needs of graduate students and advanced researchers who want to familiarize themselves with Ca stable isotope research.
Isotopic Analysis
Author: Frank VanhaeckePublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527650504
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 565
Book Description
Edited by two very well-known and respected scientists in the field, this excellent practical guide is the first to cover the fundamentals and a wide range of applications, as well as showing readers how to efficiently use this increasingly important technique. From the contents: * The Isotopic Composition of the Elements * Single-Collector ICP-MS * Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Advances in Laser Ablation - Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Correction for Instrumental Mass Discrimination in Isotope Ratio Determination with Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Reference Materials in Isotopic Analysis * Quality Control in Isotope Ratio Applications * Determination of Trace Elements and Elemental Species Using Isotope Dilution ICP-MS * Geochronological Dating * Application of Multi-Collector ICP-MS to Isotopic Analysis in Cosmochemistry * Establishing the Basis for Using Stable Isotope Ratios of Metals as Paleoredox Proxies * Isotopes as Tracers of Elements Across the Geosphere-Biosphere Interface * Archaeometric Applications * Forensics Applications * Nuclear Applications * The Use of Stable Isotope Techniques for Studying Mineral and Trace Element Metabolism in Humans * Isotopic Analysis via Multi-Collector ICP-MS in Elemental Speciation A must-have for newcomers as well as established scientists seeking an overview of isotopic analysis via ICP-MS.
Stable Isotopes in Human Nutrition
Author: S. A. AbramsPublisher: CABI
ISBN: 9780851997964
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200
Book Description
The use of stable isotopes in nutritional studies is now widespread, and the technique is becoming increasingly popular. Practical applications are numerous and include:calcium and iron absorption studiesstudies looking at the impacts of diet, physical activity, aging, and medical therapy and supplementation on nutrient metabolismthe measurement of energy cost of pregnancystudies on the causes of growth faltering in infantsinvestigations into childhood and adult obesity.This book is designed as a laboratory handbook of methods used to perform stable isotope studies in humans. It covers basic principles, dosage information, sample preparation procedures, analytical instrumentation, and necessary mathematical methods and provides the fundamentals to enable researchers to evaluate and establish stable isotope methods in their own laboratories.
Tracers in Metabolic Research
Author: Robert R. WolfePublisher:
ISBN: 9780471834380
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Kinetic Models of Trace Element and Mineral Metabolism During Development
Author: K. N. Siva SubramanianPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000722139
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424
Book Description
Kinetic models are becoming standard tools in the research of biological systems. They are used to represent hypotheses, analyze data, and design experiments to maximize the information obtained from a study. Kinetic Models of Trace Element and Mineral Metabolism During Development describes models for calcium, chromium, copper, iron, iodide, lead, mercury, selenium, zinc, and others in health and disease.
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