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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Special Operations Forces (SOF) can be expected to maintain the current commitment levels in both Iraq and Afghanistan; however, Senior US military and SOF leadership must recognize the difficulty of balancing short-term goals and long-term solutions in the War on Terrorism. In a war of such long duration, SOF can provide the nation with many more strategic and operational options than just special reconnaissance and direct action missions in support of the JTF commander during combat operations. This paper argues that uniformly coordinated Foreign Internal Defense (FID) activities, undertaken by United States SOF, is the appropriate method for achieving long-term results in the War on Terrorism. The utility of persistent SOF activities with allies is described using recent cas study examples, strategic level CT capstone documents, and current FID doctrine.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Special Operations Forces (SOF) can be expected to maintain the current commitment levels in both Iraq and Afghanistan; however, Senior US military and SOF leadership must recognize the difficulty of balancing short-term goals and long-term solutions in the War on Terrorism. In a war of such long duration, SOF can provide the nation with many more strategic and operational options than just special reconnaissance and direct action missions in support of the JTF commander during combat operations. This paper argues that uniformly coordinated Foreign Internal Defense (FID) activities, undertaken by United States SOF, is the appropriate method for achieving long-term results in the War on Terrorism. The utility of persistent SOF activities with allies is described using recent cas study examples, strategic level CT capstone documents, and current FID doctrine.
Author: D. Jones Publisher: ISBN: Category : Military doctrine Languages : en Pages : 197
Book Description
There is an ongoing debate within the Special Forces community whether unconventional warfare and foreign internal defense are applicable in the contemporary and future Special Operations environments, based on current doctrinal definitions and operational concepts. For unconventional warfare, the debate surrounds its current broad and confusing definition and whether it can be an overarching term for efforts against nonstate actors in the Global War on Terrorism. The foreign internal defense debate is not over definitions, but responsibilities, as the conventional military begins to play a larger role in foreign internal defense, a legacy Special Forces mission. This thesis argues that unconventional warfare needs a clear and concise definition, such as "operations by a state or non-state actor to support an insurgency aimed at the overthrow of a government or occupying power," that unconventional warfare should not be "transformed" to fight global insurgency; that there is an identifiable relationship between unconventional warfare and foreign internal defense called the "transition point" signifying the change from unconventional warfare to foreign internal defense, and that this relationship can be modeled; that operational preparation of the environment is not unconventional warfare, but an emerging operation requiring its own doctrine; and that unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, and operational preparation of the environment will be the dominate Special Forces missions in the Global War on Terrorism.
Author: Department of the Army Headquarters Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781481835916 Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
Foreign Internal Defense Operations, along with Special Reconnaissance and Direct Action, are a core task of the United States Special Operations Community. US Army Special Forces are currently engaged in Foreign Internal Defense operations from Iraq and Afghanistan to Colombia and the Philippines. Foreign Internal Defense means providing support to a host nation's military, police and intelligence processes - activities which are extremely important for new US Allies. Typically FID operations are undertaken in response to internal strife within the host nation such as an insurgency. Narco-terrorism, religious terrorism and economic crisis are all triggers for Special Forces FID assistance. From the preface page; "Field manual (FM) 3-05.202, Special Forces Foreign Internal Defense Operations, supports FM 3-05.20, Special Forces Operations, which is the keystone manual of Special Forces (SF). FM 3-05.202 defines the current United States (U.S.) Army SF concept of planning and conducting SF foreign internal defense (FID) missions. As with all doctrinal manuals, FM 3-05.202 is authoritative but not directive. It serves as a guide and does not preclude SF units from developing their own standing operating procedures (SOPs) to meet their needs. It explains planning, roles of SF in FID, and the various programs that SF Soldiers participate in to conduct FID operations. Other SF primary missions are discussed at length in appropriate manuals in the series." Presented in Special Operations Press' distinctive OCP camouflage cover denoting a current publication, this manual is printed in easy-to-read 6 x 9, perfect-bound paperback format. Proudly printed in the USA.
Author: Dan Madden Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Hybrid irregular and conventional military operations are playing an increasingly prominent role in international conflict. To counter this trend, the United States should adopt a new form of operational art for special warfare.
Author: U.s. Joint Force Command Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781500643232 Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Foreign internal defense (FID) is the participation by civilian and military agencies of a government in any of the action programs taken by another government or other designated organization, to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, insurgency, terrorism, and other threats to their security. The focus of US FID efforts is to support the host nation's (HN's) internal defense and development (IDAD), which can be described as the full range of measures taken by a nation to promote its growth and protect itself from the security threats described above. While historically, the United States provided notable, and largely unconditional, assistance to friendly foreign nations following World War II (Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan), FID as conducted today has its genesis in the post-Vietnam era when US policy shifted to emphasize that the United States would assist friendly nations, but would require them to provide the manpower and be ultimately responsible for their own national defense. It is important to frame the US FID effort within the context of the US doctrine it supports and to understand how it fits into the HN IDAD program. US military support to FID should focus on assisting an HN in anticipating, precluding, and countering threats or potential threats and addressing the root causes of instability. Emphasis on internal developmental programs as well as internal defense programs when organizing, planning, and executing military support to US FID activities is essential. Although the FID operation is considered military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence, FID may include or support operations from across the range of military operations to support the HN's IDAD strategy. Accordingly, US military operations supporting FID provide training, materiel, advice, or assistance to local forces executing an IDAD program, rather than US forces conducting IDAD military missions for the HN.
Author: Martin J. O'Brien Publisher: ISBN: Category : Irregular warfare Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
"The United States military has historically concentrated on conventional existential threats in post war eras. This concentration has the potential to lead many to abandon the principles of irregular warfare and concentrate on the development of conventional capabilities. Through the sacrifice of blood and valuable resources, America is forced to consistently relearn some of the most difficult lessons of war. As the American military postures to withdraw from Afghanistan in 2014, efforts must be made to preserve the vital lessons learned in both Iraq and Afghanistan. As a global super power, the United States must be prepared to execute military operations across the entire spectrum of conflict. Development of conventional capability must not come at the cost of irregular warfare competencies. The most constructive method to preserve, analyze, and develop irregular tactics is to expand and deploy special operations forces that concentrate on foreign internal defense. Doing so will ensure that the United States maintains currency in the requirements to fight irregular wars, and will build alliances while developing partner capabilities. This strategy will preserve US national interests, while offering the most economical method to pursue non-state terrorist groups in the 21st century."--Abstract.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
Evidence from recent operations suggests that current joint and USSOCOM doctrine are producing command and control (C2) arrangements between conventional forces (CF) and special operations forces (SOF) that are dysfunctional at the tactical level and counter-productive in achieving operational objectives. Operations Restore Hope, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom each reveal the dangers of attempting to integrate C2 between SOF and CF at the operational level, but failing to do so at the tactical level. To address current threats effectively, the U.S. military would be wise to reverse this approach. In the global campaign against ideological extremist insurgency, SOF best leverage their counter-terrorism, foreign internal defense, special reconnaissance, and unconventional warfare skills by focusing on Phase 0 shaping operations in the arc of instability. In counterinsurgency environments such as Afghanistan and Iraq, priority of mission should go to CF efforts, and joint force commanders should integrate SOF with CF at the tactical level to prevent compromising this effort. The Joint Staff and USSOCOM can facilitate this by modifying joint doctrine to permit SOF and CF C2 integration at the tactical level and revising joint education curricula and training opportunities to include exercising this integration. Until USSOCOM does so, it will exacerbate rather than resolve one of the primary problems that led to its creation: parochial interests compromising unity of effort while in the pursuit of national security objectives.
Author: Department of the Army Headquarters Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781481846516 Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
This manual, one of the most iconic and informative of the 31-series Special Forces publications, was written in 1988, at a time when the lessons of the Vietnam era were still fresh. Added to this was the counterterrorism focus of that period as well as a good deal of focus on countering the forces of the waning Soviet Empire. Many of the tactics, techniques and procedures found in this publication are found nowhere else. This manual is arguably one of the finest Special Forces "how-to" books ever written. The book covers topics as diverse as advanced urban warfare and counterterrorism operations to ambushing, arms and equipment caching, special reconnaissance, advanced land navigation, combat immediate action drills and more. From the preface page: "This manual provides information and guidance on Special Forces tactics and techniques. It provides guidance for commanders, staff officers, and personnel responsible for SF training and operations. It describes operational techniques used by SF organizations in the conduct of their missions in support of the AirLand battle. It also considers tactics that potential adversaries can employ against deployed SF units and methods these units can use to counter those adversaries. Since SF Soldiers must be thoroughly knowledgeable and proficient in conventional tactics and techniques, a large portion of this manual discusses or refers to conventional organizations, formations, and tactics. SF use these tactics and techniques as a basis for instructing, advising, and assisting indigenous personnel in foreign internal defense, unconventional warfare, direct action or SF reconnaissance operations. They also use them as a basis for developing detachment standing operating procedures and working documents." Presented in Special Operations Press' distinctive woodland camouflage cover denoting an '80s or '90s-era publication, this manual is printed in easy-to-read 6 x 9, perfect-bound paperback format. Proudly printed in the USA.
Author: Daniel S. Layton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Special forces (Military science) Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
"The battle against terrorism cannot be won by winning one battle, by killing one leader, or by securing one country. Terrorists thrive and grow in weak nations and ungoverned areas around the world, and that is where it must be stopped. The US National Security Strategy recognized this need to fight a 'balanced' war. The balance must come from a direct and indirect approach to warfighting. The direct approach uses US forces, along with coalition partners, to fight and disrupt the current violent extremist organizations and their supporters. With the indirect approach, US forces work with host nation partners around the world so those partners can self-secure their borders, stabilize their regions, and prevent the growth of these terrorist organizations. The Department of Defense tasked USSOCOM as the 'Global Synchronizer' for the Global War on Terror (GWOT) due to its expertise in Unconventional Warfare and successful history of fighting terrorism. As a high demand, low-density force, USSOCOM is struggling to meet all its new worldwide commitments, and some of its Foreign Internal Defense (FID) missions are going unfulfilled. To balance these requirements, they must utilize their total force more effectively. USSOCOM can achieve this by reprioritizing the Special Operations Force (SOF) reserves to focus on FID and by expanding the current SOF reserve force. Refocusing and growth of the SOF reserves will alleviate pressure on the overburdened active duty forces, while helping to fulfill those indirect mission requirements necessary to stop the global expansion of terrorism."--Abstract
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Author: D. Jones
Author: Matthew P. Johnson
Author: Department of the Army Headquarters
Author: Dan Madden
Author: U.s. Joint Force Command
Author: Martin J. O'Brien
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Author: Department of the Army Headquarters
Author: Daniel S. Layton