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Author: Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng Publisher: ISBN: Category : Birth weight, Low Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Infants with low birth weight due to early delivery or fetal growth restriction face an increased risk of health conditions and deaths. These risk factors and the cost associated with healthcare for infants makes low birth weight a major public health problem. Understanding early precursor challenges expectant mothers face before delivery would help in planning interventions to reduce low birth weight among infants. This study investigated and evaluated the spatial variation of low birth weight incidence with respect to socioeconomic status, housing types and accessibility in Kalamazoo County. In a broader scope, this research study examined the geographic patterns of low birth weight cases and calibrated factors responsible for disparities among different populations considering individual maternal characteristics and block group level characteristics. This research study was conducted at a local scale to plan interventions to reduce disparities in low birth weight in the urban-rural continuum of Kalamazoo County. The study found that at the individual level, low birth weight was associated with race, age, educational status, and Medicaid insurance of mothers. Young women (less than 20 years), women with less than high school education, blacks, and women with Medicaid insurance are more likely to have infants with low birth weight. At the block group level, there was high incidence of low birth weight rates for block groups with low socioeconomic status and high renter occupied units. Spatial distribution map of low birth weight showed high incidence of low birth weight rates for block groups in rural areas with high population density of whites.
Author: Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng Publisher: ISBN: Category : Birth weight, Low Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Infants with low birth weight due to early delivery or fetal growth restriction face an increased risk of health conditions and deaths. These risk factors and the cost associated with healthcare for infants makes low birth weight a major public health problem. Understanding early precursor challenges expectant mothers face before delivery would help in planning interventions to reduce low birth weight among infants. This study investigated and evaluated the spatial variation of low birth weight incidence with respect to socioeconomic status, housing types and accessibility in Kalamazoo County. In a broader scope, this research study examined the geographic patterns of low birth weight cases and calibrated factors responsible for disparities among different populations considering individual maternal characteristics and block group level characteristics. This research study was conducted at a local scale to plan interventions to reduce disparities in low birth weight in the urban-rural continuum of Kalamazoo County. The study found that at the individual level, low birth weight was associated with race, age, educational status, and Medicaid insurance of mothers. Young women (less than 20 years), women with less than high school education, blacks, and women with Medicaid insurance are more likely to have infants with low birth weight. At the block group level, there was high incidence of low birth weight rates for block groups with low socioeconomic status and high renter occupied units. Spatial distribution map of low birth weight showed high incidence of low birth weight rates for block groups in rural areas with high population density of whites.
Author: Dennis Donker Publisher: ISBN: Category : Birth intervals Languages : en Pages : 83
Book Description
Rapid repeat pregnancy (RRP) refers to a pregnancy that occurs less than 24 months after a live birth. In the United States, several studies have focused on factors that influence women to rapidly repeat pregnancies at the national and state level. As a result, this study explores spatial patterns in RRP in Kalamazoo County at the block group local level using birth records of moms in the county from 2008 to 2014. The study further investigates individual and neighborhood factors influencing RRP. Results from the hotspot (Getis Ord G*) revealed that block groups in eastside Kalamazoo township are significant hotspots for rapid repeat moms in the county. At the individual level, women who had their index birth as teenagers as well as moms that had spouse named on birth certificate and women of color were at higher odds of rapidly repeating pregnancies. At the block group neighborhood level, RRP moms lived in two main neighborhoods. However, moms living in neighborhoods with characteristics of higher population, more black women, women aged 20-24 and more renters are more associated with rapid repeat pregnancy in Kalamazoo County, MI.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
After adjusting for individual level factors no consistent relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic measures and low birth weight could be established. The relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic factors and low birth weight varied across ethnic categories. Among White Non-Hispanics and Hispanics measures of socioeconomic deprivation had a small association with low birth weight. However, for Black Non-Hispanics neighborhood measures had little consistency in predicting the occurrence of low birth weight.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Birth weight, Low Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This article examines the interplay between low birth weight (LBW) and socioeconomic status (SES) across generations. Transgenerational research of LBW and SES is limited and poses certain challenges and nuances. A literature review was conducted which gathered studies that analyze both LBW and SES for two or more generations. Results of these studies are mixed, but the body of research is suggestive of patterns in which LBW and low SES may mutually exacerbate each other across generations. Furthermore, the research suggests that these patterns may be more severe among Black women. This paper calls into question the consequences that these transgenerational interactions may have for health equity, and sets forth recommendations for future research in this area.
Author: Gary King Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521542807 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
Drawing upon the recent explosion of research in the field, a diverse group of scholars surveys the latest strategies for solving ecological inference problems, the process of trying to infer individual behavior from aggregate data. The uncertainties and information lost in aggregation make ecological inference one of the most difficult areas of statistical inference, but these inferences are required in many academic fields, as well as by legislatures and the Courts in redistricting, marketing research by business, and policy analysis by governments. This wide-ranging collection of essays offers many fresh and important contributions to the study of ecological inference.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309324882 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 587
Book Description
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Author: Harry G. Perros Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9780471498278 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) has revolutionized telecommunications, and has become an integral part of the networking infrastructure. This introductory well-structured text on ATM networks describes their development, architecture, congestion control, deployment, and signalling in an intuitive, accessible way. It covers extensive background information and includes exercises that support the explanations throughout the book. The networking expert Harry G. Perros explains ATM networks, including such hot topics as: * ATM adaptation layer 2 * Quality of Service * Congestion control * Tag switching and MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) * ADSL-based access networks * Signalling * PNNI (Private Network Node Interface) An Introduction to ATM Networks is a textbook for graduate students and undergraduates in electrical engineering and computer science as well as a reference work for networking engineers. An Online solutions Manual is now available.
Author: Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng
Author: Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng
Author: Debbie S. Barrington![The Spatial Variation of Low Birth Weight Infants in Windsor and Essex County, 1986 [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/Q8rJwQEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Amanda Mary James
Author: Dennis Donker
Author: 
Author: Kalamazoo County (Mich.). Planning Department
Author: 
Author: Gary King
Author: National Research Council
Author: Harry G. Perros