Spatial Variability of Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake in No-tilled Corn and Soybeans PDF Download

Author: Rogério Borges
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Author: Wade H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461559693
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341

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Book Description
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this jOint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 40 (thesis year 1995) a total of 10,746 thesis titles from 19 Canadian and 144 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 40 reports theses submitted in 1995, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.

Author: Rogério Borges
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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This study evaluated the grain yield, P or K uptake, and early dry weight responses of no-tilled and ridge tilled soybeans [Glicine max (L.) Merr.] and ridge tilled corn (Zea mays L.) to broadcast, deep-band, and planter-band P and K fertilizer placements under Iowa soil and weather conditions. Long-term P and K trials were established in 1994 at five research centers and were evaluated for four years. Forty short-term P-K trials were established in farmers' fields from 1995 to 1997. Treatments were various P (O to 56 kg P ha−1) and K (O to 132 kg K ha−1) rates broadcast, banded with the planter 5 cm beside and below the seeds, and deep-banded at a 15-20 cm depth before planting. Plant samples were taken at V5 to V6 growth stages, dried, weighed, ground, and analyzed for total P and K content. Soil samples were taken from different depth and position relative to crop rows or fertilizer bands.

Author: Daniel Wayne Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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Deep-band K produced higher corn yields than other placements, even in high testing soils where no response was expected. There was no significant relationship between increases in early growth and greater grain yield for both crops. Stratification was largely reduced when deep-band P was applied but placement of K fertilizer did not reduce levels of stratification. In conclusion, early growth of both crops were greater in chisel till then for no-till. Chisel till usually produced greater corn grain yield than no-till while tillage seldom affected soybean yield. Grain yield of both crops benefited from P or K fertilizer applications. Planter-band P was effective for increasing early growth of corn and soybean. Deep-banded K increased corn grain yield when compared to other placements even in some high testing soils.

Author: Jerry L. Hatfield
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891188533
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 432

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Book Description
Degradation of soils continues at a pace that will eventually create a local, regional, or even global crisis when diminished soil resources collide with increasing climate variation. It's not too late to restore our soils to a more productive state by rediscovering the value of soil management, building on our well-established and ever-expanding scientific understanding of soils. Soil management concepts have been in place since the cultivation of crops, but we need to rediscover the principles that are linked together in effective soil management. This book is unique because of its treatment of soil management based on principles—the physical, chemical, and biological processes and how together they form the foundation for soil management processes that range from tillage to nutrient management. Whether new to soil science or needing a concise reference, readers will benefit from this book's ability to integrate the science of soils with management issues and long-term conservation efforts.

Author: David John Wittry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Book Description
Precision agriculture has evolved from a concept into an accepted management practice. The challenge now is how to best utilize these technologies for the benefit of agriculture. Nutrient management could be improved and spatial variability reduced by variable-rate (VR) application. The objectives of this dissertation were to assess the value of VR P fertilization and P-based liquid swine manure application for corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production compared with the traditional uniform-rate (UR) application. On-farm research methods based on replicated, long narrow strips were adapted to precision technologies. These technologies included grain yield monitors, differential global positioning systems, and geographical information systems. Treatments consisted of a non-fertilized control, a UR method based on average soil-test P (STP) for the entire field and a VR method based on STP from 0.2 to 1.7 ha grid cells. Grain yield and temporal changes in STP were used to assess treatment differences in both studies. In addition, plant dry weight, P concentration, and P uptake (V5 growth stage) were used in the fertilizer study. Phosphorus fertilization and manure often increased whole-field crop grain yield in fields which average STP values were below the Optimum interpretation class for corn and soybean production. Analyses of yield for field areas with contrasting STP values often showed significant responses to fertilizer or manure P in field areas testing Optimum or less, but rarely in high-testing areas. Phosphorus fertilization increased early plant growth and P uptake more frequently than grain yield. Although the method of P application did not influence whole-field or within-field plant responses, VR reduced soil P variability compared with UR by increasing STP in low-testing areas and decreasing or not affecting STP of high-testing areas. This research showed precision farming technologies are useful tools for improving nutrient management. Fertilization or manure application programs that vary the nutrient application rate may not result in increased yield compared with UR application methods. However, use of VR technology will result in better nutrient management and perhaps better water quality because of more efficient distribution of fertilizer or manure.

Author: William H. Darlington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Author: T. Scott Murrell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030591991
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 476

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Book Description
This open access book highlights concepts discussed at two international conferences that brought together world-renowned scientists to advance the science of potassium (K) recommendations for crops. There was general agreement that the potassium recommendations currently in general use are oversimplified, outdated, and jeopardize soil, plant, and human health. Accordingly, this book puts forward a significantly expanded K cycle that more accurately depicts K inputs, losses and transformations in soils. This new cycle serves as both the conceptual basis for the scientific discussions in this book and a framework upon which to build future improvements. Previously used approaches are critically reviewed and assessed, not only for their relevance to future enhancements, but also for their use as metrics of sustainability. An initial effort is made to link K nutrition in crops and K nutrition in humans. The book offers an invaluable asset for graduate students, educators, industry scientists, data scientists, and advanced agronomists.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Author: Peter M. Anthony
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soil fertility
Languages : en
Pages : 450

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Book Description
Optimum management of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers for corn [Zea mays L.] and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production requires quantitative understanding of multiple soil processes and crop responses, including supply and immobilization of N and P by soil, the response of yield and quality to nutrient availability, and the relationships and interactions between N and P cycling, crop response, and other soil physical and chemical variables. We conducted a six-year experiment on two 16-ha fields on glacial-till soils in south-central Minnesota. In each year of a corn-soybean rotation, we measured soil physical and chemical parameters and grain yield and quality at a 0.014-ha resolution within each field. These observations coincided with placement of a randomized complete block, split plot design of N and P fertilizer treatments. Spatial patterns of mineralizable N were consistent over time. Mineralizable N was highly correlated to soil nitrate at a well-drained site, but not at a poorly-drained site. Increases in available soil P per kg of net P addition were significantly related to soil pH. Within fields, spatial patterns of soybean yields were highly correlated across years, and we observed consistent relationships between yield and soil variables. Overall, soybean yield related positively to soil P and Zn and negatively to pH at all site-years. Quadratic-plateau regression models of soybean yield in relation to soil P and Zn indicate that in high pH soils at these sites, yield is optimized when soil P and Zn levels are higher than current recommendations. Corn yields responded significantly to N rate and N rate by P rate interaction in all site-years. Whole-field economic optimum N rate differed significantly by site-year and by P treatment at some site-years. Site-specific P fertilization should account for spatial variation in soil P buffering capacity. Nitrogen mineralization and NxP nutrient interactions should be accounted for in agronomic management decisions for corn production. The consistent influence of soil pH on nutrient cycling and crop response indicates the potential benefit to amelioration of high pH in calcareous glacial-till soils. Results highlight the significance of spatial variability in nutrient cycling to crop management.