Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sediment and Wood in Headwater Streams in the Central Oregon Coast Range PDF Download
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Author: Christine L. May Publisher: ISBN: Category : River sediments Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
Channels that were scoured to bedrock by debris flows provided unique opportunities to calculate the rate of sediment and wood accumulation, to make inferences about processes associated with input and transport of sediment, and to gain insight into the temporal succession of channel morphology following disturbance. In an intensive investigation of 13 channels the time since the previous debris flow was estimated using dendrochronology. The volume of wood in the channel was positively and linearly correlated with the time since the previous debris flow. The pattern of sediment accumulation was non-linear and appeared to increase as the storage capacity of the channel increased through time. Wood stored the majority of the sediment in these steep headwater streams, and landslides and wind throw were the dominant mechanisms for delivering wood to the channel. With an adequate supply of wood, small streams have the potential to store large volumes of sediment in the interval between debris flows and can function as one of the dominant storage reservoirs for sediment in mountainous terrain. In an extensive investigation of 125 headwater streams, the spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow occurrence and deposition were investigated. The temporal distribution of debris flow occurrence varied with network structure and drainage area of the tributary basin. Network structure may affect the frequency of debris flows delivered to the mainstem river valley because it reflects the number of potential landslide source areas and the routing ability of the channel. Tributary basins with larger drainage areas and more convergent topography had a greater proportion of channels in the younger, post-debris flow age-classes compared to smaller basins with less convergent topography. The flux rate of material delivered to the confluence with the larger river also influenced the development of debris flow fans. Fans at the mouth of tributary basins with smaller drainage areas had a higher likelihood of being eroded in the interval between debris flows, while larger, more persistent fans were present at the mouth of bigger basins. Valley floor width of the mainstem river typically constrained fan development and was also an important predictor of fan size.
Author: Christine L. May Publisher: ISBN: Category : River sediments Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
Channels that were scoured to bedrock by debris flows provided unique opportunities to calculate the rate of sediment and wood accumulation, to make inferences about processes associated with input and transport of sediment, and to gain insight into the temporal succession of channel morphology following disturbance. In an intensive investigation of 13 channels the time since the previous debris flow was estimated using dendrochronology. The volume of wood in the channel was positively and linearly correlated with the time since the previous debris flow. The pattern of sediment accumulation was non-linear and appeared to increase as the storage capacity of the channel increased through time. Wood stored the majority of the sediment in these steep headwater streams, and landslides and wind throw were the dominant mechanisms for delivering wood to the channel. With an adequate supply of wood, small streams have the potential to store large volumes of sediment in the interval between debris flows and can function as one of the dominant storage reservoirs for sediment in mountainous terrain. In an extensive investigation of 125 headwater streams, the spatial and temporal patterns of debris flow occurrence and deposition were investigated. The temporal distribution of debris flow occurrence varied with network structure and drainage area of the tributary basin. Network structure may affect the frequency of debris flows delivered to the mainstem river valley because it reflects the number of potential landslide source areas and the routing ability of the channel. Tributary basins with larger drainage areas and more convergent topography had a greater proportion of channels in the younger, post-debris flow age-classes compared to smaller basins with less convergent topography. The flux rate of material delivered to the confluence with the larger river also influenced the development of debris flow fans. Fans at the mouth of tributary basins with smaller drainage areas had a higher likelihood of being eroded in the interval between debris flows, while larger, more persistent fans were present at the mouth of bigger basins. Valley floor width of the mainstem river typically constrained fan development and was also an important predictor of fan size.
Author: United States. Forest Service Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aquatic resources conservation Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
"The Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior propose limited changes to language about how to implement the Aquatic Conservation Strategy (ACS). The ACS is an integral part of the Northwest Forest Plan. The ACS is intended to maintain and restore the ecological health of watersheds and aquatic ecosystems within the Northwest Forest Plan area"--Summary, p. 1.
Author: Sean J. Bennett Publisher: American Geophysical Union ISBN: 0875903576 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Water Science and Application Series, Volume 8. Riparian Vegetation and Fluvial Geomorphology presents important new perspectives for the experimentalist, the field practitioner, the theorist, and the modeler, offering a synthesis of scientific advances along with discussions of unresolved problems and research opportunities. The volume is structured in five sections.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080885225 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 6392
Book Description
The changing focus and approach of geomorphic research suggests that the time is opportune for a summary of the state of discipline. The number of peer-reviewed papers published in geomorphic journals has grown steadily for more than two decades and, more importantly, the diversity of authors with respect to geographic location and disciplinary background (geography, geology, ecology, civil engineering, computer science, geographic information science, and others) has expanded dramatically. As more good minds are drawn to geomorphology, and the breadth of the peer-reviewed literature grows, an effective summary of contemporary geomorphic knowledge becomes increasingly difficult. The fourteen volumes of this Treatise on Geomorphology will provide an important reference for users from undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. Information on the historical development of diverse topics within geomorphology provides context for ongoing research; discussion of research strategies, equipment, and field methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations reflect the multiple approaches to understanding Earth’s surfaces; and summaries of outstanding research questions highlight future challenges and suggest productive new avenues for research. Our future ability to adapt to geomorphic changes in the critical zone very much hinges upon how well landform scientists comprehend the dynamics of Earth’s diverse surfaces. This Treatise on Geomorphology provides a useful synthesis of the state of the discipline, as well as highlighting productive research directions, that Educators and students/researchers will find useful. Geomorphology has advanced greatly in the last 10 years to become a very interdisciplinary field. Undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic will find the answers they need in this broad reference work which has been designed and written to accommodate their diverse backgrounds and levels of understanding Editor-in-Chief, Prof. J. F. Shroder of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, is past president of the QG&G section of the Geological Society of America and present Trustee of the GSA Foundation, while being well respected in the geomorphology research community and having won numerous awards in the field. A host of noted international geomorphologists have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to the work. Readers can be guaranteed that every chapter in this extensive work has been critically reviewed for consistency and accuracy by the World expert Volume Editors and by the Editor-in-Chief himself No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume masterpiece. From the foundations and history of geomorphology through to geomorphological innovations and computer modelling, and the past and future states of landform science, no "stone" has been left unturned!
Author: Fred H. Everest Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aquatic habitats Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
Management of riparian habitats is controversial because land use policies have historically emphasized economic values (e.g., timber production) at the expense of ecological and social values. Attempting to manage these valuable resources to attain the greatest combination of benefits has created a long-term controversy that continues to the present. Our analysis indicates that at mid to large spatial scales, healthy riparian ecosystems and land management activities are not mutually exclusive, but the degree of compatibility is determined by policy decisions based on competing demands and pressing timelines as well as available scientific knowledge. Current management schemes on federal lands in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska are appropriately addressing large spatial scales and incorporating the principles of disturbance ecology. We found no scientific evidence that either the default prescriptions or the options for watershed analysis in the Northwest Forest Plan and Tongass Land Management Plan provide more protection than necessary to meet stated riparian management goals. We believe that additional alternative riparian management strategies could be implemented and evaluated in concert to shorten the time needed to realize effective strategies that fully meet riparian management goals.
Author: Ellen Wohl Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118671686 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 723
Book Description
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Water Resources Monograph Series, Volume 19. What are the forms and processes characteristic of mountain rivers and how do we know them? Mountain Rivers Revisited, an expanded and updated version of the earlier volume Mountain Rivers, answers these questions and more. Here is the only comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge about mountain rivers available. While continuing to focus on physical process and form in mountain rivers, the text also addresses the influences of tectonics, climate, and land use on rivers, as well as water chemistry, hyporheic exchange, and riparian and aquatic ecology. With its numerous illustrations and references, hydrologists, geomorphologists, civil and environmental engineers, ecologists, resource planners, and their students will find this book an essential resource. Ellen Wohl received her Ph.D. in geology in 1988 from the University of Arizona. Since then, she has worked primarily on mountain and bedrock rivers in diverse environments.
Author: Christine L. May
Author: Christine L. May
Author: Christine May
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Author: United States. Forest Service
Author: Sean J. Bennett
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Author: Fred H. Everest
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Author: Christine May
Author: Ellen Wohl