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Author: LandMark Publications Publisher: ISBN: 9781520469317 Category : Languages : en Pages : 594
Book Description
THIS CASEBOOK contains a selection of U. S. Court of Appeals decisions that analyze, interpret and discuss Commerce Clause doctrine. The selection of decisions spans from 2014 to the date of publication.The Commerce Clause gives Congress the power "[t]o regulate Commerce . . . among the several States." U.S. Const. art. I, § 8, cl. 3. Although by its terms the clause speaks only of congressional authority, "the [Supreme] Court long has recognized that it also limits the power of the States to erect barriers against interstate trade." Dennis v. Higgins, 498 U.S. 439, 446, 111 S.Ct. 865, 112 L.Ed.2d 969 (1991) (quoting Lewis v. BT Inv. Managers, Inc., 447 U.S. 27, 35, 100 S.Ct. 2009, 64 L.Ed.2d 702 (1980)). This implicit or "dormant" constraint is driven primarily by concerns over "economic protectionism--that is, regulatory measures designed to benefit in-state economic interests by burdening out-of-state competitors." New Energy Co. of Ind. v. Limbach, 486 U.S. 269, 273-74, 108 S.Ct. 1803, 100 L.Ed.2d 302 (1988). Colon Health Centers of America, LLC v. Hazel, 813 F. 3d 145 (4th Cir. 2016).To that end, the Supreme Court has instructed that "[t]he principal objects of dormant Commerce Clause scrutiny are statutes that discriminate against interstate commerce." CTS Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of Am., 481 U.S. 69, 87, 107 S.Ct. 1637, 95 L.Ed.2d 67 (1987) (emphasis added). "[W]hen a state statute [] discriminates against interstate commerce, it will be struck down unless the discrimination is demonstrably justified by a valid factor unrelated to economic protectionism." Yamaha Motor Corp. v. Jim's Motorcycle, Inc., 401 F.3d 560, 567 (4th Cir.2005) (quoting Wyoming v. Oklahoma, 502 U.S. 437, 454, 112 S.Ct. 789, 117 L.Ed.2d 1 (1992)). While discrimination "simply means differential treatment of in-state and out-of-state economic interests that benefits the former and burdens the latter," Or. Waste Sys., Inc. v. Dep't of Envtl. Quality of State of Or., 511 U.S. 93, 99, 114 S.Ct. 1345, 128 L.Ed.2d 13 (1994), not all economic harms or anticompetitive choices can or should be remedied through application of the dormant Commerce Clause. See Brown v. Hovatter, 561 F.3d 357, 363 (4th Cir.2009). Under the prevailing framework courts must chart a narrow course between "rebuff[ing] attempts of states to advance their own commercial interests by curtailing the movement of articles of commerce . . . [and] generally supporting their right to impose even burdensome regulations in the interest of local health and safety." H.P. Hood & Sons, Inc. v. Du Mond, 336 U.S. 525, 535, 69 S.Ct. 657, 93 L.Ed. 865 (1949). Colon Health Centers of America, LLC v. Hazel, ibid.
Author: LandMark Publications Publisher: Independently Published ISBN: 9781093850642 Category : Languages : en Pages : 552
Book Description
THIS CASEBOOK contains a selection of U. S. Court of Appeals decisions that analyze, interpret and apply Commerce Clause doctrine. * * * Implicit in the constitutional allocation of the "Power ... To regulate Commerce ... among the several States," U.S. Const. art. I, § 8, cl. 3, to the federal government is a corollary "constraint on the power of the States to enact legislation that interferes with or burdens interstate commerce." Brown v. Hovatter, 561 F.3d 357, 362 (4th Cir. 2009). This doctrine, known as the "dormant" commerce clause, "is driven by concern about economic protectionism" and seeks to prevent state "regulatory measures designed to benefit in-state economic interests by burdening out-of-state competitors." Id. at 363 (quoting Dep't of Revenue of Ky. v. Davis, 553 U.S. 328, 337-38, 128 S.Ct. 1801, 170 L.Ed.2d 685 (2008)). * * * The principle against extraterritoriality as it relates to the dormant commerce clause is derived from the notion that "a State may not regulate commerce occurring wholly outside of its borders." Star Sci., Inc. v. Beales, 278 F.3d 339, 355 (4th Cir. 2002) (citing Healy v. Beer Inst., 491 U.S. 324, 335-36, 109 S.Ct. 2491, 105 L.Ed.2d 275 (1989); Brown-Forman Distillers Corp. v. N.Y. State Liquor Auth., 476 U.S. 573, 582-83, 106 S.Ct. 2080, 90 L.Ed.2d 552 (1986); Edgar v. MITE Corp., 457 U.S. 624, 642-43, 102 S.Ct. 2629, 73 L.Ed.2d 269 (1982) (plurality opinion)). The principle "reflect[s] the Constitution's special concern both with the maintenance of a national economic union unfettered by state-imposed limitations on interstate commerce and with the autonomy of the individual States within their respective spheres." Healy, 491 U.S. at 335-36, 109 S.Ct. 2491 (footnote omitted). A state law violates the extraterritoriality principle if it either expressly applies to out-of-state commerce, see Carolina Trucks & Equip., Inc. v. Volvo Trucks of N. Am., Inc., 492 F.3d 484, 491-92 (4th Cir. 2007), or has that "practical effect," regardless of the legislature's intent, Star Sci., 278 F.3d at 355. Association for Accessible Medicines v. Frosh, 887 F. 3d 664 (4th Cir. 2018)
Author: Hubert Bruce Fuller Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9780484372374 Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 598
Book Description
Excerpt from The Act to Regulate Commerce: Construed by the Supreme Court The Commerce Clause contains one of the most important grants of power to the United States to be found in the Federal Constitution. Adopted merely for the purpose of preventing disputes among the states which had recently formed the Con federation, it has been the source of varied and potent legisla tion governing the intricate problems of interstate traffic incident to a complicated and highly developed industrial and social life. Framed to suit the inconsequential problems offered by a traffic handled by stage coach, ox cart and sailing vessel, it has served as the vehicle to govern the important questions arising from an enormous volume of traffic handled by the railroad, the steamer, and other agencies of commerce. A preliminary chapter has been included to trace at least in outline the genesis and development of legislation under the Commerce Clause. The literature of the subject, both political and economic as well as legal, appears to be well nigh inexhaustible. Yet there has seemed room for a further discussion of certain features of the Act to Regulate Commerce. The findings of the Interstate Commerce Commission to date fill some thirty large volumes. The decisions of the lower Federal courts upon this act are only less voluminous. On the other hand, the decisions of the Su preme Court which constitute the last word on the question, and from which no appeal can be taken, have often not been treated by writers on this subject with the measure of importance which should be accorded them. Many of the most important of these decisions have been handed down by that court since the appear ance of any treatise on this act. It has seemed desirable, there fore, to collate these decisions, to include an exhaustive discus sion of them within the confines of a single volume and to bring them down to the latest possible date. Such a volume could be of particular value to the lawyer who does not have at his dis posal a large legal library. It would constitute the law of the Act to Regulate Commerce so far as that law has been finally deter mined. Decisions of the lower courts, subject to review and, therefore, to being overruled, have been omitted from discussion in this work. It is hoped that the volume will fill a place hitherto unoccupied in the bibliography of the Act to Regulate Commerce. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Philander Chase Knox Publisher: Palala Press ISBN: 9781346633787 Category : Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
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