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Author: G. S. Gordon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 92
Book Description
This report focuses on Soviet developments in weather modification, climate modification, and climatology during the period from late 1973 through mid-1975. Current Soviet work in solar meteorology and laser applications in atmospheric sounding are also surveyed. The source literature includes regular Soviet scientific journals, recent monographs, popular science periodicals, and the daily press. (Author).
Author: G. S. Gordon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 92
Book Description
This report focuses on Soviet developments in weather modification, climate modification, and climatology during the period from late 1973 through mid-1975. Current Soviet work in solar meteorology and laser applications in atmospheric sounding are also surveyed. The source literature includes regular Soviet scientific journals, recent monographs, popular science periodicals, and the daily press. (Author).
Author: Stuart G. Hibben Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 57
Book Description
The report surveys Soviet developments in climatology and climate modification during the period from mid=1972 through November 1973. The selections were chosen primarily from regular Soviet scientific journals; several popular science sources were also surveyed. The abstracts are roughly classified into five general categories; (1) recent climate trends, (2) paleoclimatology, (3) meteorology, (4) climatology of Eurasia and (5) climate modification. (Author).
Author: National Science Foundation (U.S.). Special Commission on Weather Modification Publisher: ISBN: Category : Weather control Languages : en Pages : 168
Author: William R. Cotton Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521499293 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
As the world's population rises, there is increasing evidence that human activities are having a significant impact on the weather and climate, from a local to global scale. Human Impacts on Weather and Climate is a non-mathematical presentation of the basic physical concepts of how human activity may affect weather and climate. This book assesses the current hypotheses, and examines whether the impacts are measurable. Included are: critical evaluations of the scientific status of weather modification by cloud seeding; human impacts on regional weather and climate; and human impacts on global climate, including the greenhouse gas hypothesis. Discussions also focus on the modern philosophy of science and its application to determining human impacts on weather and climate. Human Impacts on Weather and Climate will be invaluable for upper-division undergraduate and graduate courses in meteorology, geophysics, and earth and atmospheric science, as well as for policymakers and readers with an interest in how humans are affecting the atmosphere. An extensive reference list is included.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309314852 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309380979 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understood. Warming increases the likelihood of extremely hot days and nights, favors increased atmospheric moisture that may result in more frequent heavy rainfall and snowfall, and leads to evaporation that can exacerbate droughts. Even with evidence of these broad trends, scientists cautioned in the past that individual weather events couldn't be attributed to climate change. Now, with advances in understanding the climate science behind extreme events and the science of extreme event attribution, such blanket statements may not be accurate. The relatively young science of extreme event attribution seeks to tease out the influence of human-cause climate change from other factors, such as natural sources of variability like El Niño, as contributors to individual extreme events. Event attribution can answer questions about how much climate change influenced the probability or intensity of a specific type of weather event. As event attribution capabilities improve, they could help inform choices about assessing and managing risk, and in guiding climate adaptation strategies. This report examines the current state of science of extreme weather attribution, and identifies ways to move the science forward to improve attribution capabilities.
Author: G. S. Gordon
Author: G. S. Gordon
Author: Stuart G. Hibben
Author: Nikolay T. Zikeev
Author: Louis J. Battan
Author: Wilmot N. Hess
Author: National Science Foundation (U.S.). Special Commission on Weather Modification
Author: William R. Cotton
Author: 
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine