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Author: Francis Ghesquiere Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Banks and Banking Reform Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
Abstract: Economic theory suggests that countries should ignore uncertainty for public investment and behave as if indifferent to risk because they can pool risks to a much greater extent than private investors can. This paper discusses the general economic theory in the case of developing countries. The analysis identifies several cases where the government's risk-neutral assumption does not hold, thus making rational the use of ex ante risk financing instruments, including sovereign insurance. The paper discusses the optimal level of sovereign insurance. It argues that, because sovereign insurance is usually more expensive than post-disaster financing, it should mainly cover immediate needs, while long-term expenditures should be financed through post-disaster financing (including ex post borrowing and tax increases). In other words, sovereign insurance should not aim at financing the long-term resource gap, but only the short-term liquidity need.
Author: Francis Ghesquiere Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Banks and Banking Reform Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
Abstract: Economic theory suggests that countries should ignore uncertainty for public investment and behave as if indifferent to risk because they can pool risks to a much greater extent than private investors can. This paper discusses the general economic theory in the case of developing countries. The analysis identifies several cases where the government's risk-neutral assumption does not hold, thus making rational the use of ex ante risk financing instruments, including sovereign insurance. The paper discusses the optimal level of sovereign insurance. It argues that, because sovereign insurance is usually more expensive than post-disaster financing, it should mainly cover immediate needs, while long-term expenditures should be financed through post-disaster financing (including ex post borrowing and tax increases). In other words, sovereign insurance should not aim at financing the long-term resource gap, but only the short-term liquidity need.
Author: Olivier Mahul Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
Economic theory suggests that countries should ignore uncertainty for public investment and behave as if indifferent to risk because they can pool risks to a much greater extent than private investors can. This paper discusses the general economic theory in the case of developing countries. The analysis identifies several cases where the government's risk-neutral assumption does not hold, thus making rational the use of ex ante risk financing instruments, including sovereign insurance. The paper discusses the optimal level of sovereign insurance. It argues that, because sovereign insurance is usually more expensive than post-disaster financing, it should mainly cover immediate needs, while long-term expenditures should be financed through post-disaster financing (including ex post borrowing and tax increases). In other words, sovereign insurance should not aim at financing the long-term resource gap, but only the short-term liquidity need.
Author: J. David Cummins Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821377361 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 299
Book Description
'Catastrophe Risk Financing in Developing Countries' provides a detailed analysis of the imperfections and inefficiencies that impede the emergence of competitive catastrophe risk markets in developing countries. The book demonstrates how donors and international financial institutions can assist governments in middle- and low-income countries in promoting effective and affordable catastrophe risk financing solutions. The authors present guiding principles on how and when governments, with assistance from donors and international financial institutions, should intervene in catastrophe insurance markets. They also identify key activities to be undertaken by donors and institutions that would allow middle- and low-income countries to develop competitive and cost-effective catastrophe risk financing strategies at both the macro (government) and micro (household) levels. These principles and activities are expected to inform good practices and ensure desirable results in catastrophe insurance projects. 'Catastrophe Risk Financing in Developing Countries' offers valuable advice and guidelines to policy makers and insurance practitioners involved in the development of catastrophe insurance programs in developing countries.
Author: Weltbank Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This report aims to advance the dialogue on creative, forward-looking solutions for developing countries by presenting recent innovations on disaster risk financing and insurance developed by the private markets as well as the international donor community, from the macro (government) level down to the micro (household) level. It discusses how these innovations can be adapted and implemented in developing countries to better protect efficiently those countries against the financial consequences of natural disasters. Section one provides an introduction to the economic and fiscal impacts of natural disasters on developing countries. Section two examines examples of innovation in the private insurance and capital markets that may have applications in sovereign disaster risk financing for developing countries. Section three examines how innovations coming out of mature property catastrophe risk insurance (PCRI) markets could serve in low and middle-income countries. Section four considers how innovation is taking seed in creative disaster micro insurance programs in low- and middle-income countries. Section five wraps up the report with brief concluding remarks.
Author: Juan José Durante Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030437086 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
This book presents a technical approach to promoting the development of disaster and climate change risk financing and transfer strategies, and discusses several practical issues, chiefly focusing on Latin America and the Caribbean. Innovative risk financing and insurance mechanisms are vital for governments around the world, in order to provide financial protection and reduce the economic costs and social and developmental impacts of natural disasters and climate change. The book’s main content is complemented by a wealth of graphics, diagrams and tables that illustrate the concepts discussed and make the text accessible for practitioners and non-practitioners alike. The book offers proven, creative and innovative ideas on how to tackle risk financing and management for natural disasters and climate change. Strategic topics such as sovereign disaster risk financing, property catastrophe risk insurance, and agricultural insurance are also discussed.
Author: John D. Pollner Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Disaster insurance Languages : en Pages : 130
Book Description
In providing support for disaster-prone areas such as the Caribbean, the development community has begun to progress from disaster reconstruction assistance to funding for investment in mitigation as an explicit tool for sustainable development. Now it must enter a new phase, applying risk transfer mechanisms to address the financial risk of exposure to catastrophic events that require funding beyond what can be controlled solely through mitigation and physical measures.
Author: Francis Ghesquiere Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
Economic theory suggests that countries should ignore uncertainty for public investment and behave as if indifferent to risk because they can pool risks to a much greater extent than private investors can. This paper discusses the general economic theory in the case of developing countries. The analysis identifies several cases where the government's risk-neutral assumption does not hold, thus making rational the use of ex ante risk financing instruments, including sovereign insurance. The paper discusses the optimal level of sovereign insurance. It argues that, because sovereign insurance is usually more expensive than post-disaster financing, it should mainly cover immediate needs, while long-term expenditures should be financed through post-disaster financing (including ex post borrowing and tax increases). In other words, sovereign insurance should not aim at financing the long-term resource gap, but only the short-term liquidity need.
Author: Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
This volume is the eighth of a series devoted to major policy issues in insurance, and sets out the proceedings of a conference, held in Paris in November 2004, to discuss options for dealing with losses caused by large-scale disasters. It contains a selection of papers and reports which focus on three key issues: the insurability of catastrophic risks; the extent to which financial markets can help address the risks of both natural disasters and terrorism; and the role of governments and public-private partnerships in the management of such risks.
Author: Weltbankgruppe Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Climate change, weather-related disasters, and slow-onset changes such as rising sea levels threaten sustainable development and force some 26 million people into poverty every year. Sovereign disaster risk insurance and other forms of risk finance, as part of a broader financial protection strategy, can help countries increase their financial resilience to disaster and climate shocks. This discussion paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discussions among development partners about the operationalization of premium subsidies for sovereign disaster risk insurance, the context of increasing interest among development partners in providing concessional finance, including premium subsidies. The paper draws on lessons from past and existing premium subsidy schemes, and from the World Bank's operational experience on disaster risk financing and insurance (DRFI), including regional catastrophe risk pools. It aims to inform the dialogue on how to operationalize concessional insurance. The objective of the paper is not to provide specific recommendations, but rather to highlight key issues and options to be considered when operationalizing concessional insurance. This discussion paper builds on the World Bank Group's cascade approach, which aims to crowd in private sector capital and markets to address the development challenges posed by disaster and climate shocks. Sovereign disaster risk insurance uses the capital of (re)insurance companies to transfer the financial cost of disaster response from client countries to the private investors. Furthermore, it utilizes private sector experience in designing appropriate risk financing solutions for clients.
Author: Stephane Hallegatte Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464810044 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 380
Book Description
'Economic losses from natural disasters totaled $92 billion in 2015.' Such statements, all too commonplace, assess the severity of disasters by no other measure than the damage inflicted on buildings, infrastructure, and agricultural production. But $1 in losses does not mean the same thing to a rich person that it does to a poor person; the gravity of a $92 billion loss depends on who experiences it. By focusing on aggregate losses—the traditional approach to disaster risk—we restrict our consideration to how disasters affect those wealthy enough to have assets to lose in the first place, and largely ignore the plight of poor people. This report moves beyond asset and production losses and shifts its attention to how natural disasters affect people’s well-being. Disasters are far greater threats to well-being than traditional estimates suggest. This approach provides a more nuanced view of natural disasters than usual reporting, and a perspective that takes fuller account of poor people’s vulnerabilities. Poor people suffer only a fraction of economic losses caused by disasters, but they bear the brunt of their consequences. Understanding the disproportionate vulnerability of poor people also makes the case for setting new intervention priorities to lessen the impact of natural disasters on the world’s poor, such as expanding financial inclusion, disaster risk and health insurance, social protection and adaptive safety nets, contingent finance and reserve funds, and universal access to early warning systems. Efforts to reduce disaster risk and poverty go hand in hand. Because disasters impoverish so many, disaster risk management is inseparable from poverty reduction policy, and vice versa. As climate change magnifies natural hazards, and because protection infrastructure alone cannot eliminate risk, a more resilient population has never been more critical to breaking the cycle of disaster-induced poverty.
Author: Francis Ghesquiere
Author: Francis Ghesquiere
Author: Olivier Mahul
Author: J. David Cummins
Author: Weltbank
Author: Juan José Durante
Author: John D. Pollner
Author: Francis Ghesquiere
Author: 
Author: Weltbankgruppe
Author: Stephane Hallegatte