Author: Maurice W. SchiffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emigration and immigration
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
South-North Migration and Trade
Author: Maurice W. SchiffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emigration and immigration
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
South-south Migration and Remittances
Author: Dilip RathaPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821370731
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Book Description
"South-South Migration and Remittances" reports on preliminary results from an ongoing effort to improve data on bilateral migration stocks. It sets out some working hypotheses on the determinants and socioeconomic implications of South-South migration. Contrary to popular perception that migration is mostly a South-North phenomenon, South-South migration is large. Available data from national censuses suggest that nearly half of the migrants from developing countries reside in other developing countries. Almost 80 percent of South-South migration takes place between countries with contiguous borders. Estimates of South-South remittances range from 9 to 30 percent of developing countries' remittance receipts in 2005. Although the impact of South-South migration on the income of migrants and natives is smaller than for South-North migration, small increases in income can have substantial welfare implications for the poor. The costs of South-South remittances are even higher than those of North-South remittances. These findings suggest that policymakers should pay attention to the complex challenges that developing countries face not only as countries of origin, but also as countries of destination.
South-north migration and trade : a survey
Author: Maurice SchiffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Comercio internacional - Norte-sur
Languages : en
Pages : 55
Book Description
South-North Migration and Trade
Author: Maurice SchiffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
December 1996 Can trade liberalization be used to deter South-North immigration? Is trade a substitute for migration? Not necessarily. Assuming that migration generates externalities, the South should liberalize trade, while the North should impose an (optimal) immigration tax. Before 1973, the labor market in Europe was tight and immigration from the South (chiefly North Africa and Southern Europe) was encouraged. But with the slowdown in growth in the mid-1970s, the rise in unemployment, and increased economic uncertainty, immigration came to be viewed as a burden by the destination countries. The demand for migration fell, but the supply did not. As US and EU opposition to immigration has increased, some have proposed using trade policy to deal with immigration - for example, opening their markets to exports from countries in the South and East in the hope that countries that export more goods will export fewer people. The assumption in such proposals is that trade liberalization will reduce migration - that trade is a substitute for migration. Using both one-sector and two-sector models, Schiff examines the relationship between trade and migration, as well as the welfare implications of different trade and migration policies for both sending and receiving countries. The results are ambiguous. Is trade a substitute for migration? Opening markets in the North and providing foreign investment and foreign aid to the sending countries is more likely to slow down migration from Eastern Europe to the European Union than from Africa to the European Union or from Latin America to the United States. It may also worsen the skill composition of migration from Africa to the European Union and from Latin America to the United States. Assuming migration externalities are not internalized, all groups are worse off under free migration than they are when migration is restricted. All groups lose from imposing a tariff in the South or in the North. And all groups lose from a decrease in migration costs because income in the South is not affected by migration (in one model), but social capital in the South falls, so those left behind lose. Two results hold irrespective of the degree of internalization of the migration externalities: the South gains from trade liberalization in either the North or the South, and the North gains from imposing an immigration tax. The policy implications are clear: the South should liberalize trade, while the North should impose an (optimal) immigration tax. This paper - a product of the International Trade Division, International Economics Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study the relationship between trade and migration.
Trade in Strangers
Author: Marianne S. WokeckPublisher: Penn State Press
ISBN: 0271043768
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
American historians have long been fascinated by the "peopling" of North America in the seventeenth century. Who were the immigrants, and how and why did they make their way across the ocean? Most of the attention, however, has been devoted to British immigrants who came as free people or as indentured servants (primarily to New England and the Chesapeake) and to Africans who were forced to come as slaves. Trade in Strangers focuses on the eighteenth century, when new immigrants began to flood the colonies at an unprecedented rate. Most of these immigrants were German and Irish, and they were coming primarily to the middle colonies via an increasingly sophisticated form of transport. Wokeck shows how first the German system of immigration, and then the Irish system, evolved from earlier, haphazard forms into modern mass transoceanic migration. At the center of this development were merchants on both sides of the Atlantic who organized a business that enabled them to make profitable use of underutilized cargo space on ships bound from Europe to the British North American colonies. This trade offered German and Irish immigrants transatlantic passage on terms that allowed even people of little and modest means to pursue opportunities that beckoned in the New World. Trade in Strangers fills an important gap in our knowledge of America's immigration history. The eighteenth-century changes established a model for the better-known mass migrations of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which drew wave after wave of Europeans to the New World in the hope of making a better life than the one they left behind—a story that is familiar to most modern Americans.
South-North Migration and Trade
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emigration and immigration
Languages : en
Pages : 65
Book Description
South-South Migration
Author: K. HujoPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230283373
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 253
Book Description
This book seeks to explore the development and policy implications of South-South migration, specifically with regard to the role and challenges for social policy. It examines the linkages and impact of migration on gender and care regimes, human resource flows, remittances, poverty, and political organizations by or for migrants.
A Cross Country View on South-north Migration and Trade
Author: Giulia BettinSouth-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis
Author: Jean-Michel LafleurPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 331939763X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
This open access book looks at the migration of Southern European EU citizens (from Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece) who move to Northern European Member States (Belgium, France, Germany, United Kingdom) in response to the global economic crisis. Its objective is twofold. First, it identifies the scale and nature of this new Southern European emigration and examines these migrants’ socio-economic integration in Northern European destination countries. This is achieved through an analysis of the most recent data on flows and profiles of this new labour force using sending-country and receiving-country databases. Second, it looks at the politics and policies of immigration, both from the perspective of the sending- and receiving-countries. Analysing the policies and debates about these new flows in the home and host countries’ this book shows how contentious the issue of intra-EU mobility has recently become in the context of the crisis when the right for EU citizens to move within the EU had previously not been questioned for decades. Overall, the strength of this edited volume is that it compiles in a systematic way quantitative and qualitative analysis of these renewed Southern European migration flows and draws the lessons from this changing climate on EU migration.
Moving for Prosperity
Author: World BankPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464812829
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 407
Book Description
Migration presents a stark policy dilemma. Research repeatedly confirms that migrants, their families back home, and the countries that welcome them experience large economic and social gains. Easing immigration restrictions is one of the most effective tools for ending poverty and sharing prosperity across the globe. Yet, we see widespread opposition in destination countries, where migrants are depicted as the primary cause of many of their economic problems, from high unemployment to declining social services. Moving for Prosperity: Global Migration and Labor Markets addresses this dilemma. In addition to providing comprehensive data and empirical analysis of migration patterns and their impact, the report argues for a series of policies that work with, rather than against, labor market forces. Policy makers should aim to ease short-run dislocations and adjustment costs so that the substantial long-term benefits are shared more evenly. Only then can we avoid draconian migration restrictions that will hurt everybody. Moving for Prosperity aims to inform and stimulate policy debate, facilitate further research, and identify prominent knowledge gaps. It demonstrates why existing income gaps, demographic differences, and rapidly declining transportation costs mean that global mobility will continue to be a key feature of our lives for generations to come. Its audience includes anyone interested in one of the most controversial policy debates of our time.