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Author: J. Kacprzyk Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400921098 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
Decision making is certainly a very crucial component of many human activities. It is, therefore, not surprising that models of decisions play a very important role not only in decision theory but also in areas such as operations Research, Management science, social Psychology etc . . The basic model of a decision in classical normative decision theory has very little in common with real decision making: It portrays a decision as a clear-cut act of choice, performed by one individual decision maker and in which states of nature, possible actions, results and preferences are well and crisply defined. The only compo nent in which uncertainty is permitted is the occurence of the different states of nature, for which probabilistic descriptions are allowed. These probabilities are generally assumed to be known numerically, i. e. as single probabili ties or as probability distribution functions. Extensions of this basic model can primarily be conceived in three directions: 1. Rather than a single decision maker there are several decision makers involved. This has lead to the areas of game theory, team theory and group decision theory. 2. The preference or utility function is not single valued but rather vector valued. This extension is considered in multiattribute utility theory and in multicritieria analysis. 3.
Author: J. Kacprzyk Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400921098 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
Decision making is certainly a very crucial component of many human activities. It is, therefore, not surprising that models of decisions play a very important role not only in decision theory but also in areas such as operations Research, Management science, social Psychology etc . . The basic model of a decision in classical normative decision theory has very little in common with real decision making: It portrays a decision as a clear-cut act of choice, performed by one individual decision maker and in which states of nature, possible actions, results and preferences are well and crisply defined. The only compo nent in which uncertainty is permitted is the occurence of the different states of nature, for which probabilistic descriptions are allowed. These probabilities are generally assumed to be known numerically, i. e. as single probabili ties or as probability distribution functions. Extensions of this basic model can primarily be conceived in three directions: 1. Rather than a single decision maker there are several decision makers involved. This has lead to the areas of game theory, team theory and group decision theory. 2. The preference or utility function is not single valued but rather vector valued. This extension is considered in multiattribute utility theory and in multicritieria analysis. 3.
Author: Roman Slowiński Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461556457 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
Fuzzy Sets in Decision Analysis, Operations Research and Statistics includes chapters on fuzzy preference modeling, multiple criteria analysis, ranking and sorting methods, group decision-making and fuzzy game theory. It also presents optimization techniques such as fuzzy linear and non-linear programming, applications to graph problems and fuzzy combinatorial methods such as fuzzy dynamic programming. In addition, the book also accounts for advances in fuzzy data analysis, fuzzy statistics, and applications to reliability analysis. These topics are covered within four parts: Decision Making, Mathematical Programming, Statistics and Data Analysis, and Reliability, Maintenance and Replacement. The scope and content of the book has resulted from multiple interactions between the editor of the volume, the series editors, the series advisory board, and experts in each chapter area. Each chapter was written by a well-known researcher on the topic and reviewed by other experts in the area. These expert reviewers sometimes became co-authors because of the extent of their contribution to the chapter. As a result, twenty-five authors from twelve countries and four continents were involved in the creation of the 13 chapters, which enhances the international character of the project and gives an idea of how carefully the Handbook has been developed.
Author: Antoine Billot Publisher: Springer ISBN: 366201050X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
Fuzzy set theory, which started not much more than 20 years ago as a generalization of classical set theory, has in the meantime evolved into an area which scientifically, as well as from the point of view of applications, is recognized as a very valuable contribution to the existing knowledge. To an increasing degree, however, fuzzy set theory is also used in a descriptive, factual sense or as a decision making technology. Most of these applications of fuzzy set theory are in the areas of fuzzy control, multi-criteria analysis, descriptive decision theory and expert systems design. In economics, the application of fuzzy set theory is still very rare. Apart from Professor Ponsard and his group, who have obviously recognized the potential offuzzy set theory in economics much better than others, only very few economists are using this new tool in order to model economic systems in a more realistic way than often possible by traditional approaches, and to gain more insight into structural interdependences of economic systems. I consider it, therefore, particularly valuable that Dr. Billot, in his book, makes a remarkable contribution in this direction. There seems to be one major difference between Dr.
Author: Imma Curiel Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 147574871X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
In this book applications of cooperative game theory that arise from combinatorial optimization problems are described. It is well known that the mathematical modeling of various real-world decision-making situations gives rise to combinatorial optimization problems. For situations where more than one decision-maker is involved classical combinatorial optimization theory does not suffice and it is here that cooperative game theory can make an important contribution. If a group of decision-makers decide to undertake a project together in order to increase the total revenue or decrease the total costs, they face two problems. The first one is how to execute the project in an optimal way so as to increase revenue. The second one is how to divide the revenue attained among the participants. It is with this second problem that cooperative game theory can help. The solution concepts from cooperative game theory can be applied to arrive at revenue allocation schemes. In this book the type of problems described above are examined. Although the choice of topics is application-driven, it also discusses theoretical questions that arise from the situations that are studied. For all the games described attention will be paid to the appropriateness of several game-theoretic solution concepts in the particular contexts that are considered. The computation complexity of the game-theoretic solution concepts in the situation at hand will also be considered.
Author: Marco Slikker Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461515696 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Social and Economic Networks in Cooperative Game Theory presents a coherent overview of theoretical literature that studies the influence and formation of networks in social and economic situations in which the relations between participants who are not included in a particular participant's network are not of consequence to this participant. The material is organized in two parts. In Part I the authors concentrate on the question how network structures affect economic outcomes. Part II of the book presents the formation of networks by agents who engage in a network-formation process to be able to realize the possible gains from cooperation.
Author: Jean-Pierre Aubin Publisher: Courier Corporation ISBN: 048646265X Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 658
Book Description
Mathematical economics and game theory approached with the fundamental mathematical toolbox of nonlinear functional analysis are the central themes of this text. Both optimization and equilibrium theories are covered in full detail. The book's central application is the fundamental economic problem of allocating scarce resources among competing agents, which leads to considerations of the interrelated applications in game theory and the theory of optimization. Mathematicians, mathematical economists, and operations research specialists will find that it provides a solid foundation in nonlinear functional analysis. This text begins by developing linear and convex analysis in the context of optimization theory. The treatment includes results on the existence and stability of solutions to optimization problems as well as an introduction to duality theory. The second part explores a number of topics in game theory and mathematical economics, including two-person games, which provide the framework to study theorems of nonlinear analysis. The text concludes with an introduction to non-linear analysis and optimal control theory, including an array of fixed point and subjectivity theorems that offer powerful tools in proving existence theorems.
Author: Deng-Feng Li Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811506574 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 163
Book Description
This book constitutes extended, revised and selected papers from the Third East Asia Game Theory International Conference, EAGT 2019, held in Fuzhou, China, in March 2019. The 10 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 146 submissions. The papers in the volume are focused on non-cooperative and cooperative games and cover such subjects or disciplines as game theory, operations research, mathematics, decision science, management science, economics, experiment economics, system engineering, psychology and control theory.
Author: Robert P. Gilles Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792342007 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
This book aims to develop an institutional approach to general economic equi librium. Thus far, institutional economics has essentially been confined to purely verbal discourse. Here I argue the case that general equilibrium theory forms a well rounded basis for the development of an institutional economic the ory. The fundamental economic trade mechanism underlying this refocusing is that of the Edgeworthian barter mechanism modelled through the equilibrium notion of the core of an economy. There is an extensive literature that links the core with the Walrasian price mechanism, which is explored in this book. Next I develop an alternative model of explicitly nonsovereign trade in the setting of an institutionally structured economy. In this book the core and several of its extensions are considered to be descriptions of the equilibrium allocations resulting from institutionalized barter processes, thereby providing a basis of an institutionally based economic theory. Traditionally finite economies have been assessed as the most natural represen tations of real life economies, in particular of market economies. Many funda mental insights have been developed. In the first half of the book I summarize the most influential and important results in the literature on finite economies regarding the relationship of the Walrasian model of a perfectly competitive market system and the Edgeworthian theory of individually based, pure barter processes. I use the axiomatic method as the main methodological framework according to which I construct my models.
Author: T. Parthasarathy Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475726406 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Game Theoretical Applications to Economics and Operations Research deals with various aspects of game theory and their applications to Economics and OR related problems. It brings together the contributions of a wide spectrum of disciplines such as Statistics, Mathematics, Mathematical Economics and OR. The contributions include decision theory, stochastic games, cooperative and noncooperative games. The papers in the volume are classified under five different sections. The first four sections are devoted to the theory of two-person games, linear complimentarity problems and game theory, cooperative and noncooperative games. The fifth section contains diverse applications of these various theories. Taken together they exhibit a rich versatility of these theories and lively interaction between the mathematical theory of games and significant economic problems.
Author: Hans Keiding Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9811214409 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to general equilibrium theory, covering the standard topics as well as the developments of the theory over the past fifty years. This ensures that the reader gains a thorough account of what has been established both in pure theory and in applications.In addition to the basic topics, this book elaborates on fields which are relevant but not mentioned frequently in this context. The material covered includes international trade, growth, finance and implementation, and it offers a broader view than what is usual in texts on general equilibrium theory. This book would make for suitable reading for undergraduate and graduate courses in macroeconomics.
Author: J. Kacprzyk
Author: J. Kacprzyk
Author: Roman Slowiński
Author: Antoine Billot
Author: Imma Curiel
Author: Marco Slikker
Author: Jean-Pierre Aubin
Author: Deng-Feng Li
Author: Robert P. Gilles
Author: T. Parthasarathy
Author: Hans Keiding