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Author: Géraldine Rauchs Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889192954 Category : Medicine (General) Languages : en Pages : 79
Book Description
Understanding the role of sleep and the mechanisms at play in ageing are among the most exciting challenges in neuroscience. Although our understanding of the mechanisms governing sleep stages and their role in cognitive processes including memory functions is gradually increasing. most of the currently available data have been gathered in young adults. Still, substantial physiological changes in sleep are observed with increasing age, that may markedly impacts on daily functioning. This is why this Research Topic focuses on our current understanding of the impact of age-related changes in sleep architecture on various domains of cognition. The three editors Julie Carrier (Montréal, Canada), Philippe Peigneux (Brussels, Belgium) and Géraldine Rauchs (Caen, France) are specialized in various fields of sleep research. Here, they bring together an outstanding group of neuroscientist and clinical investigators engaged in the study of sleep, encompassing state-of-the-art studies of sleep disorders such as sleep apnoea or REM sleep behaviour disorder, studies assessing new treatments to improve sleep quality, together with experts in various domains of cognition such as vigilance, memory and dreams, in a perspective aimed at offering the interested reader a comprehensive view of the impact of age-related changes in sleep architecture on cognition.
Author: Géraldine Rauchs Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889192954 Category : Medicine (General) Languages : en Pages : 79
Book Description
Understanding the role of sleep and the mechanisms at play in ageing are among the most exciting challenges in neuroscience. Although our understanding of the mechanisms governing sleep stages and their role in cognitive processes including memory functions is gradually increasing. most of the currently available data have been gathered in young adults. Still, substantial physiological changes in sleep are observed with increasing age, that may markedly impacts on daily functioning. This is why this Research Topic focuses on our current understanding of the impact of age-related changes in sleep architecture on various domains of cognition. The three editors Julie Carrier (Montréal, Canada), Philippe Peigneux (Brussels, Belgium) and Géraldine Rauchs (Caen, France) are specialized in various fields of sleep research. Here, they bring together an outstanding group of neuroscientist and clinical investigators engaged in the study of sleep, encompassing state-of-the-art studies of sleep disorders such as sleep apnoea or REM sleep behaviour disorder, studies assessing new treatments to improve sleep quality, together with experts in various domains of cognition such as vigilance, memory and dreams, in a perspective aimed at offering the interested reader a comprehensive view of the impact of age-related changes in sleep architecture on cognition.
Author: Richard R. Bootzin Publisher: Amer Psychological Assn ISBN: 9781557980830 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 205
Book Description
Despite impressive advances in understanding sleep as a biological phenomenon and in understanding the nature of mental processes in the normal waking state, our knowledge of mental life during sleep remains extremely impoverished. The common identification of cognition with consciousness leaves the impression that little or no mental activity occurs during sleep. The present volume represents the Proceedings of the Arizona Conference on Sleep and Cognition, held in Tucson January 19-22, 1989. A principal concern of the conference was the implications of recent work on implicit memory and other aspects of information-processing outside of awareness for studies of cognitive processes during sleep, and the role of the sleep laboratory as a vehicle for studying various aspects of information processing outside of awareness, in the absence of the active deployment of attention. To this end, selected investigators in the area of sleep who have an interest in cognitive processes were brought together with their counterparts in the area of cognition who have an interest in sleep. We hope that one outcome of this meeting, and publication of the Proceedings, will be a new agenda for research on sleep that will carry investigators of both camps well into the 21st century.
Author: Kenneth L. Lichstein Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1135639469 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
What is the prevalence of insomnia in a particular age group, in men and women, or in Caucasians and African Americans? What is the average total sleep time among normal sleepers among these groups? How does the sleep of Caucasians and African Americans differ? These are just some of the questions addressed in The Epidemiology of Sleep. This new book presents the most detailed and comprehensive archive of normal and abnormal sleep patterns. Based on a landmark study supported by the National Institute on Aging, 772 subjects from a host of populations including men, women, and various age and ethnic groups, prepared detailed sleep diaries for a two-week period. The use of these sleep diaries yielded a plethora of data on such characteristics as normal sleep patterns, various forms of insomnia, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and daytime sleepiness differentiated by age, sex, and ethnicity. The results generated by these data, charted in the book's numerous tables and graphs, provide a critical methodological advance in the sleep literature. The Epidemiology of Sleep opens with an overview of the rationale and unique characteristics of the study. This is followed by a comprehensive review of the existing epidemiological literature on sleep. Chapter three presents a detailed description of the methods used in the survey followed by meticulous information on the epidemiology of normal and insomnia sleep, that is unparalleled in the literature. Chapter six provides an archive of sleep patterns among African Americans. The book concludes with a discussion and interpretation of the most interesting findings. This insightful study, coupled with the comprehensive review of the existing literature on the epidemiology of sleep, make this volume an invaluable resource for sleep researchers, clinicians, health and clinical psychologists, gerontologists, epidemiologists, and advanced students.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309459591 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 181
Book Description
Societies around the world are concerned about dementia and the other forms of cognitive impairment that affect many older adults. We now know that brain changes typically begin years before people show symptoms, which suggests a window of opportunity to prevent or delay the onset of these conditions. Emerging evidence that the prevalence of dementia is declining in high-income countries offers hope that public health interventions will be effective in preventing or delaying cognitive impairments. Until recently, the research and clinical communities have focused primarily on understanding and treating these conditions after they have developed. Thus, the evidence base on how to prevent or delay these conditions has been limited at best, despite the many claims of success made in popular media and advertising. Today, however, a growing body of prevention research is emerging. Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Way Forward assesses the current state of knowledge on interventions to prevent cognitive decline and dementia, and informs future research in this area. This report provides recommendations of appropriate content for inclusion in public health messages from the National Institute on Aging.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309368650 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.
Author: Cathy Alessi Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323581757 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics focuses on Sleep in Older Adults, with topics including: Sleep in Normal Aging; Insomnia in the Older Adult; Sleep Apnea in the Older Adult; Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders in the Older Adult; Restless Legs Syndrome; Periodic Limb Movement Disorder and Other Sleep Related Movement Disorders in the Older Adult; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Other Parasomnias in the Older Adult; Neurodegenerative Disorders and Sleep; Medical Conditions and Sleep in the Older Adult; Psychiatric Illness and Sleep in the Older Adult; Sleep and Cognition in the Older Adult; Sleep and Nocturia in the Older Adult; Sleep and Long Term Care; and Sleep in the Hospitalized Older Adult.
Author: Ronald C. Petersen Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0198028741 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 286
Book Description
What are the boundary zones between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD)? Are many elderly people whom we regard as normal actually in the early stages of AD? Alzheimer's disease does not develop overnight; the early phases may last for years or even decades. Recently, clinical investigators have identified a transitional condition between normal aging and and very early Alzheimer's disease that they have called mild cognitive impairment, or MCI. This term typically refers to memory impairment beyond what one would expect in individuals of a given age whose other abilities to function in daily life are well preserved. Persons who meet the criteria for mild cognitive impairment have an increased risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease in the near future. Though many questions about this condition and its underlying neuropathology remain open, full clinical trials are currently underway worldwide aimed at preventing the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease. This book addresses the spectrum of issues involved in mild cognitive impairment, and includes chapters on clinical studies, neuropsychology, neuroimaging, neuropathology, biological markers, diagnostic approaches, and treatment. It is intended for clinicians, researchers, and students interested in aging and cognition, among them neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, clinical psychologists, and neuropsychologists.
Author: Lia Fernandes Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889456420 Category : Languages : en Pages : 165
Book Description
Improving psychological well-being and cognitive health is now listed as the priority on the healthy aging agenda. Depression and cognitive impairment are great challenges for the elderly population. There have been numerous studies on depression and cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the neural correlates of depression and cognitive impairment have not yet been elucidated. With the development of neuroscience and relevant technologies, studies on anatomical and functional neural networks, neurobiological mechanisms of mood and cognition in old age will provide more insight into the potential diagnosis, prevention and intervention in depression and cognitive impairment. For example, longitudinal neuroimaging studies depicting the trajectories of patterns of structural and functional brain networks of mild cognitive impairment may provide potential imaging markers for the onset of dementia. Population-based studies have addressed the potential interaction between mood and cognitive impairment in old age. However, there are few studies to explore the potential neural mechanism of the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in old age. In all of this process the contribution of multiple biological events cannot be neglected, particularly the underlying influence of chronic diseases and concomitant polymedication as well as the geriatric conditions, like frailty, frequently present in this elderly population, which also compromise the cognitive function and mood determining depression and conducing to worse outcomes with more morbidity and mortality.
Author: Joel Ramirez Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832545971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 133
Book Description
With life expectancy on the rise, the proportion of people aged 60 or older is projected to account for more than one-fifth of the global population by 2050. Sleep quality is one of the most common health concerns that increases with age. Changes in sleep patterns associated with old age include disturbed sleep onset, an increase in sleep fragmentation, more frequent daytime dysfunction, and less slow-wave sleep than younger adults. Sleep is a complex physiological process critical to our health and survival; the many functions of sleep range from cerebral metabolic waste clearance and energy conservation to supporting cognitive performance and psychological well-being. Insufficient sleep has been linked to an increased risk of developing several chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, immunodeficiency, chronic pain, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. What remains unclear is how variations in sleep quality are related to cognitive performance and how this relationship changes with age, with several decades of research on the subject having produced mixed results. Despite this, much recent evidence indicates a strong relationship between disturbed sleep and accelerated cognitive decline in older adults. For example, several studies have found that a loss in sleep quality precedes the emergence of cognitive deficits and that sleep disturbances may therefore constitute an early marker of cognitive decline. Sleep disturbances also become more extensive with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, which raises questions about the possibility of a bidirectional relationship.
Author: Géraldine Rauchs
Author: Géraldine Rauchs
Author: Richard R. Bootzin
Author: Kenneth L. Lichstein
Author: 
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Cathy Alessi
Author: Ronald C. Petersen
Author: Lia Fernandes
Author: Joel Ramirez