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Author: CIFOR Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
Mountain forest ecosystems provide a wide range of direct and indirect benefits to the people who live in the mountains and downstream. Occupying steep slopes at high elevation, Bhutan’s forest ecosystems provide services such as slope stabilization, regu
Author: CIFOR Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
Mountain forest ecosystems provide a wide range of direct and indirect benefits to the people who live in the mountains and downstream. Occupying steep slopes at high elevation, Bhutan’s forest ecosystems provide services such as slope stabilization, regu
Author: Sears, R. Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
Key messages Countries in mountain regions are reorienting forest policies toward a multipronged strategy involving conservation, restoration and production.CIFOR's Sloping Land in Transition (SLANT) research program is expanding to Bhutan with an aim of finding causal pathways between up-slope forest management and down-slope security.Forests figure strongly in Bhutan's philosophical and operational framework of Gross National Happiness (GNH).Expected project outcomes are the following:development of stakeholder capacity in participatory research and decision-making processesincreased awareness by district and national sectorial management units and policy makers about the role of upland smallholder communities in management of forest landscapessupport to a cadre of forestry professionals through their integration into the project team.
Author: Wangchuk, J. Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 33
Book Description
Forest Management Units (FMU) are areas of state forest that are designated for commercial timber harvest. They also serve subsistence needs for neighboring villages, but there has to date been no assessment of these services for local people. Neither has
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9789251031995 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
General information on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Isolation, identification and counting of rhizobia. Production of an inoculant and inoculation of legumes. Experiments.
Author: Ura Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192868578 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 417
Book Description
The process of modernization has brought discontinuities in collective memory. This volume and its prequel provide an act of collective remembrance, knitting together many voices and stories. It shows the readers a world of the past before modernization began in the 1960s. Volume 2 covers the monumental architecture of dzongs (castles) and administration of the country, authority and power, cosmological concepts and beliefs, religions and rites, visualization and meditation, visual arts, and folk drama that affected the daily life of the people. Some chapters also dwell on monastic life and monkhood, and Guru Rinpoche's imprints on the land and its people.
Author: NARAYAN CHANGDER Publisher: CHANGDER OUTLINE ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
THE BHUTAN MCQ (MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS) SERVES AS A VALUABLE RESOURCE FOR INDIVIDUALS AIMING TO DEEPEN THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF VARIOUS COMPETITIVE EXAMS, CLASS TESTS, QUIZ COMPETITIONS, AND SIMILAR ASSESSMENTS. WITH ITS EXTENSIVE COLLECTION OF MCQS, THIS BOOK EMPOWERS YOU TO ASSESS YOUR GRASP OF THE SUBJECT MATTER AND YOUR PROFICIENCY LEVEL. BY ENGAGING WITH THESE MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS, YOU CAN IMPROVE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBJECT, IDENTIFY AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT, AND LAY A SOLID FOUNDATION. DIVE INTO THE BHUTAN MCQ TO EXPAND YOUR BHUTAN KNOWLEDGE AND EXCEL IN QUIZ COMPETITIONS, ACADEMIC STUDIES, OR PROFESSIONAL ENDEAVORS. THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ARE PROVIDED AT THE END OF EACH PAGE, MAKING IT EASY FOR PARTICIPANTS TO VERIFY THEIR ANSWERS AND PREPARE EFFECTIVELY.
Author: Baral, H. Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
Mountain forest ecosystems provide a wide range of direct and indirect contributions to the people who live in the mountains and surrounding areas. Occupying steep slopes at high elevation, these ecosystems provide services such as stabilizing slopes, regulating hydrological cycles, maintaining rich biodiversity and supporting the livelihoods of those who are diverse in culture but vulnerable to poverty and food security. This paper (i) reviews several tools for assessing the sociocultural, economic and ecological values of mountain forest ecosystem services, (ii) demonstrates case studies of tool applications from several countries namely, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Iran and Nepal, and (iii) discusses assessment challenges that should be considered in the application of these tools. In Bhutan, an application of benefit transfer showed that the average total value of forest ecosystem services was over USD 14.5 billion per year. In India, an application of stakeholder and household analyses indicated that a total of 29 different ecosystem services are available and sustain livelihoods of local communities near the Maguri Mottapung wetland. In Indonesia, an application of Q methodology identified anticipated benefits and concerns of forest watershed stakeholders related to certification applications for a payment for ecosystem services. In Iran, an application of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs Tool showed that the regulation of ecosystem services has been declining in Hyrcanian forests despite the forests’ critical roles in the region. In Nepal, an application of a spatial analytical approach and participatory assessment techniques identified key mountain ecosystem services for community forests at the Charnawolti sub-watershed of Dolakha, and demonstrated forest restoration on degraded lands over the last two decades. Several challenges exist for the assessment of mountain forest ecosystem services and these must be reflected in assessment design. These challenges include the complexity of defining and classifying ecosystem services; limited availability of data on ecosystem services; uncertainties associated with climate change; complex relationships among services including trade-offs and synergies; and limitation of assessments to build successful payments for ecosystem services.
Author: World Bank Publisher: ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
The purpose of this report is to provide an understanding of the development potential and the development problems of Bhutan as it begins the implementation of it's Sixth Five Year Plan (1987/88-1991/92). By way of introduction, Chapter 1 provides background information on the country and it's economy as well as a brief discussion on recent economic developments. Chapter 2 contains a somewhat more detailed review of developments in each of the main sectors through the Fifth Plan period which ended March 1987. Chapter 3 discusses the objectives of the Sixth Plan, overall and sector by sector. Chapter 4 reviews a few long term issues of development in Bhutan, notably the need for careful management of Bhutan's scarce land resources and the problems related to adapting the country's institutions to the requirements of development. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the need for foreign aid and for improved foreign aid coordination.
Author: CIFOR
Author: CIFOR
Author: Sears, R.
Author: Wangchuk, J.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Ura
Author: Stuart H. Buck
Author: 
Author: NARAYAN CHANGDER
Author: Baral, H.
Author: World Bank