Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
Book Description
Simulation & Correlation of Blast-Induced Early-Time Intracranial Wave Physics with Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Simulation and Correlation of Blast-Induced Early-Time Intracranial Wave Physics with Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Modeling and Simulation of Blast-induced, Early-time Intracranial Wave Physics Leading to Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 25
Book Description
The objective of this modeling and simulation study was to establish the role of stress wave interactions in the genesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) from exposure to explosive blast. A high resolution (1 mm3 voxels), 5 material model of the human head was created by segmentation of color cryosections from the Visible Human Female dataset. Tissue material properties were assigned from literature values. The model was inserted into the shock physics wave code, CTH, and subjected to a simulated blast wave of 1.3 MPa (13 bars) peak pressure from anterior, posterior and lateral directions. Three dimensional plots of maximum pressure, volumetric tension, and deviatoric (shear) stress demonstrated significant differences related to the incident blast geometry. In particular, the calculations revealed focal brain regions of elevated pressure and deviatoric (shear) stress within the first 2 milliseconds of blast exposure. Calculated maximum levels of 15 KPa deviatoric, 3.3 MPa pressure, and 0.8 MPa volumetric tension were observed before the onset of significant head accelerations. Over a 2 msec time course, the head model moved only 1 mm in response to the blast loading. Doubling the blast strength changed the resulting intracranial stress magnitudes but not their distribution. We conclude that stress localization, due to early time wave interactions, may contribute to the development of multifocal axonal injury underlying TBI. We propose that a contribution to traumatic brain injury from blast exposure, and most likely blunt impact, can occur on a time scale shorter than previous model predictions and before the onset of linear or rotational accelerations traditionally associated with the development of TBI.
Simulation of Blast-Induced Early-Time Intracranial Wave Physics Leading to Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Correlation of Simulation with Clinical Assessments of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Neurotrauma
Author: Raj K. NarayanPublisher: McGraw-Hill
ISBN: 9780070456624
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1558
Book Description
This reference is a comprehensive work in the field of neurotrauma and critical care. It incorporates the fields of head injury, spinal injury and basic neurotrauma research into one source. The major emphasis is on the treatment of patients with head and spinal cord injury, including the management of all other problems that bear upon the care of these patients.
Brain Neurotrauma
Author: Firas H. KobeissyPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466565993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 718
Book Description
With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma including biomarker studies, experimental models, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic intervention strategies in brain injury research. It discusses neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Also included are medical interventions and recent neurotherapeutics used in the area of brain injury that have been translated to the area of rehabilitation research. In addition, a section is devoted to models of milder CNS injury, including sports injuries.
Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Daniel LaskowitzPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498766579
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 388
Book Description
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Traumatic Brain Injury, Part I
Author: Jordan H. GrafmanPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444634983
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 491
Book Description
The Handbook of Clinical Neurology volume on traumatic brain injury (TBI) provides the reader with an updated review of emerging approaches to traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, clinical management and rehabilitation of the traumatic brain injury patient. Chapters in this volume range from epidemiology and pathological mechanisms of injury, and neuroprotection to long-term outcomes with a strong emphasis on current neurobiological approaches to describing the consequences and mechanisms of recovery from TBI. The book presents contemporary investigations on blast injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, making this state-of-the-art volume a must have for clinicians and researchers concerned with the clinical management, or investigation, of TBI. - Internationally renowned scientists describe cutting edge research on the neurobiological response to traumatic brain injury, including descriptions of potential biomarkers and indicators of potential targets for treatments to reduce the impact of the injury - Explores cellular and molecular mechanisms as well as genetic predictors of outcome - Offers coverage of various diagnostic tools – CT, MRI, DDTI, fMRI, EEG, resting functional imaging, and more - State-of-the-art traumatic brain injury management and treatment principles are presented for both civilian and military care
Operational and Medical Management of Explosive and Blast Incidents
Author: David W. CallawayPublisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030406555
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 630
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the medical and operational management of blast and explosive incidents affecting civilian populations. It incorporates global lessons learned from first responders, emergency medicine providers, surgeons, intensivists, and military specialists with deep experience in handling blast injuries from point of injury through rehabilitation. The book begins with background and introductory information on blast physics, explosion types, frequency, and perspectives from the military. This is followed by a section on prehospital management focusing on medical and trauma responses, triage, psychological consequences, and operational considerations. It then examines the roles of the emergency department and ICU with chapters on planning and training, surge capacity, resilience, management of common injury types, contamination, and ventilator strategies. The next section covers surgical treatment of a variety of blast injuries such as thoracoabdominal, extremity and vascular, and orthopedic injuries. The book then discusses medical treatment of various injury patterns including lung, abdominal, extremity, and traumatic brain injury. The final section of the book covers post-hospital considerations such as rehabilitation, mental health, and community resilience. Throughout, case studies of recent incidents provide real-life examples of operational and medical management. Operational and Medical Management of Explosive and Blast Incidents is an essential resource for physicians and related professionals, residents, nurses, and medical students in emergency medicine, traumatic surgery, intensive care medicine, and public health as well as civilian and military EMS providers.