Short Sale Constraints, Correlation and Market Efficiency PDF Download

Author: Christos I. Giannikos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33

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Book Description
This paper models a market where short sales are prohibited and investors have heterogeneous beliefs on asset values. We show that short sale constraints may cause overpricing, the magnitude of which depends on not only investors' opinion dispersion on the value of the particular asset, but also on its correlation to other assets, as well as, the investors' opinion dispersion for the values of those other assets.

Author: Gevorg Hunanyan
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3658279567
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 117

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Book Description
Gevorg Hunanyan develops a model that provides a comprehensive theoretical framework to study the consequences of short-sale constraints on the stability of financial markets. This model shows that overpricing of securities is solely attributable to the subjective second moment beliefs of investors. Thus, short-sale constraints prevent a market decline only if investors have low dispersion of beliefs, which in the model is embodied in the covariance matrix. Moreover, the author analyses the consequences of short-sale constraints on the investor’s portfolio selection, risk-taking behaviour as well as default probability. The author develops criteria that allow to analyse the effectiveness of short-sale constraints in reducing portfolio risk as well as default risk.

Author: Alex Bylund
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
This paper explores the effects of uptick-related short-sale constraints first on the Glosten-Milgrom Model of Sequential Trade and then empirically on the stocks in the Russell 3000 index used by the SEC in the pilot program created by Reuglation SHO. Finally, the effect of uptick constraints on the relationship between the short and put call ratios is studied through the use of impulse response functions. Both the general and alternative uptick rules are found to decrease informational efficiency in hypothetical financial markets, have no statistically significant positive effects on key financial market metrics, and the change in sign from negative to positive in the response of the put call ratio to a positive shock in the short ratio may be seen as evidence of the use of the options market to avoid short-sale constraints.

Author: Frank J. Fabozzi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471704334
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 434

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Book Description
The latest theoretical and empirical evidence on short selling in the United States and throughout the world To get the most success out of what the finance community regards as a risky business, short sellers need high-level information. The Theory and Practice of Short Selling offers managers and investors the information they need to maximize and enhance their short selling capabilities for bigger profits. Frank Fabozzi collects a group of market experts who share their knowledge on everything from the basics to the complex in the world of short sales, including mechanics of short selling, the empirical evidence on short-selling, the implications or restrictions on short selling for investment strategies, short-selling strategies pursued by institutional investors, and identifying short-selling candidates. Frank J. Fabozzi, PhD, CFA (New Hope, PA), is the Frederick Frank Adjunct Professor of Finance at Yale University's School of Management and Editor of the Journal of Portfolio Management. He is the author or editor of over 100 books on finance and investing.

Author: Andrew Ang
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
ISBN: 1601984685
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 99

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Book Description
The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that, at all times, the price of a security reflects all available information about its fundamental value. The implication of the EMH for investors is that, to the extent that speculative trading is costly, speculation must be a loser's game. Hence, under the EMH, a passive strategy is bound eventually to beat a strategy that uses active management, where active management is characterized as trading that seeks to exploit mispriced assets relative to a risk-adjusted benchmark. The EMH has been refined over the past several decades to reflect the realism of the marketplace, including costly information, transactions costs, financing, agency costs, and other real-world frictions. The most recent expressions of the EMH thus allow a role for arbitrageurs in the market who may profit from their comparative advantages. These advantages may include specialized knowledge, lower trading costs, low management fees or agency costs, and a financing structure that allows the arbitrageur to undertake trades with long verification periods. The actions of these arbitrageurs cause liquid securities markets to be generally fairly efficient with respect to information, despite some notable anomalies.

Author: Mr.R. Gelos
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451844247
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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Book Description
This paper examines the impact of financial liberalization on fixed investment in Mexico, using establishment-level data from the manufacturing sector. It analyzes changes in cash-flow sensitivities and uses an innovative approach to explore the role of real estate as collateral and deal with a potential censoring problem. The results suggest that financial constraints were eased for small firms but not for large ones. However, banks’ reliance on collateral in their lending operations increased the importance of real estate. The results provide microeconomic evidence consistent with the role attributed to “financial accelerator” mechanisms during lending booms and during recessions that stem from financial crises.

Author: Adam Zaremba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21

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Book Description
The study has investigated the impact of trading costs and short sale constraints on the performance of 70 stock market anomalies in Emerging Europe. While over 30 of the replicated strategies - mostly related to value, momentum, technical analysis, profitability, and issuance effects - delivered significant abnormal returns, the impact of trading costs and short-sale constraints proved truly lethal to most strategies. Once we accounted for commissions, bid-ask spreads, company size, weighting method, and short-sale unavailability, only a handful of anomalies remain significantly profitable. Our research relied on sorting procedures and cross-sectional tests applied to a sample of over 1,800 stocks from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia and Turkey in the years 2000 to 2015.

Author: Ann E. Harrison
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Capital movements
Languages : en
Pages : 54

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Book Description
Firms often cite financing constraints as one of their primary obstacles to investment. Global capital flows, by bringing in scarce capital, may ease host-country firms' financing constraints. However, if incoming foreign investors borrow heavily from domestic basnks, direct foreign investment (DFI) may exacerbate financing constraints by crowding host country firms out of domestic capital markets. Combininb a unique cross-country firm-level panel with time-series data on restrictions on international transactions and capital flows, we find that different measures of global flows are associated with a reduction in firm-level financing constraints. First, we show that one type of capital inflow--DFI--is associated with a reduction in financing constraints. Second, we test whether restrictions on international transactions affect firms' financing constraints. Our results suggest that only one type of restriction--those on capital account transactions--negatively affect firms' financing constraints. We also show that multinational firms are not financially constrained and do not appear to be sensitive to the level of DFI. This implies that DFI eases financing constraints for non-multinational firms. Finally, we show that DFI only eases financing constraints in the non-G7 countries.

Author: Maximilian Wegener
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656403198
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 27

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Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 8.0, Maastricht University, language: English, abstract: According to the efficient market hypothesis there should not be an asset overvaluation. Nevertheless, bubbles appear from time to time in the real world. In a financial bubble, the price of a security deviates grossly from its fundamental intrinsic value (Watanabe, Takayasu & Takayasu, 2007). Fundamentals or fundamental value refer to economic variables such as discount rates or future cash flows (Siegel, 2003). Depending on the valuation technique one can define an asset’s intrinsic or fundamental value, based on economic variables and assumed growth. A financial bubble is defined as a price run-up, where an initial price rise generates positive expectations of higher future prices, which attracts new buyers that are rather interested in reaping profits by trading the assets than using its earnings capacity (Siegel, 2003). There is a long history of bubbles such as the 1720 South Sea bubble, 1929 the Great Crash, in the mid-1970s the REIT bubble, in 1987 the housing crash, in 1991 the banking crisis, in 2002 the NASDAQ technology bubble and just recently the housing bubble in the United States, just to name a few. This capstone assignment deals with the question of how investors should act in the case of asset overvaluation in financial markets. In particular, it tries to answer how investors should behave. The central question asks whether investors should step aside and wait until the bubble bursts, whether they should ride the bubble or trade against it. Of course, there is support for all three, albeit contradicting theories. The different trading and investment strategies are reviewed, thereby touching upon various asset bubbles, financial concepts and empirical evidence in the academia. Moreover, it is elaborated on positive feedback trading and rational speculations, as well as behavioral finance concepts such as herding or overconfidence. The remainder of this paper describes different concepts outlined in the empirical literature, starting with asset overvaluation, followed by the efficient market hypothesis and the random walk phenomenon. The role of arbitrage traders is explored, and their impact on efficient markets and bubbles discussed. A review of behavioral traits during bubbles and the impact of human behavior on asset prices is included. Further, there is an examination of mutual fund strategies and their success in exploiting profit opportunities during bubbles. Finally, it is summarized which arguments support each of the viewpoints.

Author: Wing-Keung Wong
Publisher: Mdpi AG
ISBN: 9783036530802
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
The Efficient Market Hypothesis believes that it is impossible for an investor to outperform the market because all available information is already built into stock prices. However, some anomalies could persist in stock markets while some other anomalies could appear, disappear and re-appear again without any warning. A Special Issue on "Efficiency and Anomalies in Stock Markets" will be devoted to advancements in the theoretical development of market efficiency and anomaly in the Stock Market, as well as applications in Stock Market efficiency and anomalies.