Shifting the Composition of Government Spending PDF Download

Author: Murray L. Weidenbaum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Defense contracts
Languages : en
Pages : 96

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Author: Steven N. Durlauf
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government spending policy
Languages : en
Pages : 21

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This paper explores the impact of changes in the composition of government spending on the level of relative prices, interest rates and the current account in a two country, two period Heckacher-Ohlii model. We show that shifting the composition of government spending affects macroeconomic variables according to the relative factor intensities of tradeable and non-tradeable goods. Adjustments of composition towards non-tradeables will raise (lower) world interest rates if non-tradeables are capital (labor) intensive. The announcement of a future shift towards non-tradeables will induce a current account deficit (surplus) if future interest rates are expected to increase (decrease). The introduction of production thus places restrictions on the co-movements of fiscal policy and macroeconomic variables beyond those generated by preferences

Author: Mr.Daniel Leigh
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455294691
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41

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This paper investigates the short-term effects of fiscal consolidation on economic activity in OECD economies. We examine the historical record, including Budget Speeches and IMFdocuments, to identify changes in fiscal policy motivated by a desire to reduce the budget deficit and not by responding to prospective economic conditions. Using this new dataset, our estimates suggest fiscal consolidation has contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP. By contrast, estimates based on conventional measures of the fiscal policy stance used in the literature support the expansionary fiscal contractions hypothesis but appear to be biased toward overstating expansionary effects.

Author: Shantayanan Devarajan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Compras estatales - Paises en desarrollo
Languages : en
Pages : 50

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The traditional views that public capital spending strengthens economic growth and current spending does not are not borne out by experience in developing countries. In fact, the only category of public spending associated with higher economic growth is current spending -- although spending on preventive care and "other education" has some positive effect.

Author: Giovanni Ganelli
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26

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This paper helps resolve a paradox in the literature, noticed by Alesina and Perotti (1995), which is that, although government employment is an important component of public spending, the debate on the effects of fiscal policy focuses almost exclusively on shocks to non-wage government consumption. We incorporate the distinction between spending for government employment and spending for non-wage government consumption in a "new open economy macroeconomics" model. Our results show that a permanent reduction in public employment in one country reduces relative private consumption and appreciates the domestic exchange rate if it is matched by a reduction in taxes. When the reduction in public employment is used to finance increased non-wage government consumption, the macroeconomic effects results are ambiguous, and are affected by the initial level of the public wage bill.

Author: Mr.Marcello M. Estevão
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484304489
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 51

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The past several years of recession and slow recovery have raised much interest on the effect of fiscal stimulus on economic activity, even as high public debts in many countries would call for fiscal consolidation. To evaluate the delicate balance between stimulus and consolidation requires measuring the size of fiscal multipliers, which often depends on having quarterly data so that exogenous fiscal policy shocks can be identified. We estimate fiscal multipliers using a novel methodology for identifying fiscal shocks within a structural vector autoregressive approach using annual data while controling for debt feedback effects. The estimation focuses on regions with scarce quarterly data (mostly low-income countries), and uses results for advanced economies, emerging market countries, and other broad groupings for which alternative estimates are available to validate the methodology. Differently from advanced and emerging market economies, fiscal consolidation in low-income countries has only a small temporary negative effect on growth while raising medium-term output. Shifting the composition of public spending toward capital expenditure further supports long-run growth.

Author: Richard K. Vedder
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Author: Francis M. Bator
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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Author: Vito Tanzi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521664103
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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After a detailed account of reform experiences in several countries and the public debate regarding government reform, the study closes with an outlook on the future role of the state, a period when globalization may require and people may want "leaner" but not "meaner" states."--Jacket.

Author: Giovanni Ganelli
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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This paper focuses on the trade-off faced by governments in deciding the allocation of public expenditures between productivity-enhancing public infrastructures and utility-enhancing public consumption. From the modeling point of view, the paper augments a standard New Open Economy Macroeconomics (NOEM) model by introducing productive public infrastructures. The results show that a temporary increase in the domestic stock of public capital financed by a reduction in public consumption reduces domestic welfare in the short run because the temporary gains from higher productivity do not compensate domestic residents for the utility loss due to lower public consumption. If the policy shift is permanent domestic utility is likely to increase, while foreign residents suffer short-run welfare losses but benefit from welfare gains in the long run. This analysis implies that a permanent domestic reallocation of public spending might result in a virtuous global technological cycle.