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Author: Kaufman Louis G. (II) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aerodynamics, Hypersonic Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Shock-induced flow-separation ahead of trailing edge controls on swept wings is investigated with emphasis on the effects of boundary layer transition on the location and shape of the separation line. Experimental results were obtained by using forward facing steps mounted on swept-leading-edge flat-plate wing models in the ARL Mach 6 Tunnel for model running length Reynolds numbers varying from 0.9 to 33 million. The data support qualitatively a proposed, strip-type method for estimating, the extent and shape of the three dimensional region of separated flow ahead of controls on swept wings. (Author).
Author: Kaufman Louis G. (II) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aerodynamics, Hypersonic Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Shock-induced flow-separation ahead of trailing edge controls on swept wings is investigated with emphasis on the effects of boundary layer transition on the location and shape of the separation line. Experimental results were obtained by using forward facing steps mounted on swept-leading-edge flat-plate wing models in the ARL Mach 6 Tunnel for model running length Reynolds numbers varying from 0.9 to 33 million. The data support qualitatively a proposed, strip-type method for estimating, the extent and shape of the three dimensional region of separated flow ahead of controls on swept wings. (Author).
Author: Louis G. Kaufman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Turbulence Languages : en Pages : 80
Book Description
Detailed surface heat transfer data, oil flow, and schlieren photographs are presented for high speed flow separation ahead of finite span, forward facing steps on flat plates. Step spans were varied from three to ten times as large as the step height, and the step heights are three to four times larger than the undisturbed turbulent boundary layer thickness. Reynolds numbers, based on plate length, were approximately 15 million for both Mach 4.75 and Mach 5.04 local undisturbed flows over the flat plate surface. For these test conditions, the maximum extent of separation ahead of the step is approximately 4.4 times as large as the step height independent of step span, and peak heating rates were measured that are more than six to eight times larger than the undisturbed flow heating rates. Peak heating on the plate surface occurs slightly upstream and approximately 1/2 step height inboard of the outboard sides of the steps; the increase in peak heat transfer coefficients over the undisturbed flow values decreases with increasing step span. In addition to presenting the detailed surface heat transfer data, a plausible theoretical analysis is presented for calculating the region of turbulent boundary layer separation ahead of these finite span steps.
Author: J. Delery Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642827705 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
It was on a proposal of the late Professor Maurice Roy, member of the French Academy of Sciences, that in 1982, the General Assembly of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics decided to sponsor a symposium on Turbulent Shear-Layer/Shock-Wave Interactions. This sympo sium might be arranged in Paris -or in its immediate vicinity-during the year 1985. Upon request of Professor Robert Legendre, member of the French Academy of Sciences, the organization of the symposium might be provided by the Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (ONERA). The request was very favorably received by Monsieur l'Ingenieur General Andre Auriol, then General Director of ONERA. The subject of interactions between shock-waves and turbulent dissipative layers is of considerable importance for many practical devices and has a wide range of engineering applications. Such phenomena occur almost inevitably in any transonic or supersonic flow and the subject has given rise to an important research effort since the advent of high speed fluid mechanics, more than forty years ago. However, with the coming of age of modern computers and the development of new sophisticated measurement techniques, considerable progress has been made in the field over the past fifteen years. The aim of the symposium was to provide an updated status of the research effort devoted to shear layer/shock-wave interactions and to present the most significant results obtained recently.
Author: Jan Robert Wright Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470858400 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 527
Book Description
Aircraft performance is influenced significantly both by aeroelastic phenomena, arising from the interaction of elastic, inertial and aerodynamic forces, and by load variations resulting from flight and ground manoeuvres and gust / turbulence encounters. There is a strong link between aeroelasticity and loads, and these topics have become increasingly integrated in recent years. Introduction to Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads introduces the reader to the main principles involved in a wide range of aeroelasticity and loads topics. Divided into three sections, the book begins by reviewing the underlying disciplines of vibrations, aerodynamics, loads and control. It goes on to describe simplified models to illustrate aeroelastic behaviour and aircraft response before introducing more advanced methodologies. Finally, it explains how industrial certification requirements for aeroelasticity and loads may be met and relates these to the earlier theoretical approaches used. Presents fundamentals of structural dynamics, aerodynamics, static and dynamic aeroelasticity, response and load calculations and testing techniques. Covers performance issues related to aeroelasticity such as flutter, control effectiveness, divergence and redistribution of lift. Includes up-to-date experimental methods and analysis. Accompanied by a website with MatLAB and SIMULINK programs that relate to the models used. Introduction to Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads enables the reader to understand the aeroelastic and loads principles and procedures employed in a modern aircraft design office. It will appeal to final year undergraduate and masters students as well as engineers who are new to the aerospace industry.
Author: Ernst Heinrich Hirschel Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 366261328X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 458
Book Description
Fluid mechanical aspects of separated and vortical flow in aircraft wing aerodynamics are treated. The focus is on two wing classes: (1) large aspect-ratio wings and (2) small aspect-ratio delta-type wings. Aerodynamic design issues in general are not dealt with. Discrete numerical simulation methods play a progressively larger role in aircraft design and development. Accordingly, in the introduction to the book the different mathematical models are considered, which underlie the aerodynamic computation methods (panel methods, RANS and scale-resolving methods). Special methods are the Euler methods, which as rather inexpensive methods embrace compressibility effects and also permit to describe lifting-wing flow. The concept of the kinematically active and inactive vorticity content of shear layers gives insight into many flow phenomena, but also, with the second break of symmetry---the first one is due to the Kutta condition---an explanation of lifting-wing flow fields. The prerequisite is an extended definition of separation: “flow-off separation” at sharp trailing edges of class (1) wings and at sharp leading edges of class (2) wings. The vorticity-content concept, with a compatibility condition for flow-off separation at sharp edges, permits to understand the properties of the evolving trailing vortex layer and the resulting pair of trailing vortices of class (1) wings. The concept also shows that Euler methods at sharp delta or strake leading edges of class (2) wings can give reliable results. Three main topics are treated: 1) Basic Principles are considered first: boundary-layer flow, vortex theory, the vorticity content of shear layers, Euler solutions for lifting wings, the Kutta condition in reality and the topology of skin-friction and velocity fields. 2) Unit Problems treat isolated flow phenomena of the two wing classes. Capabilities of panel and Euler methods are investigated. One Unit Problem is the flow past the wing of the NASA Common Research Model. Other Unit Problems concern the lee-side vortex system appearing at the Vortex-Flow Experiment 1 and 2 sharp- and blunt-edged delta configurations, at a delta wing with partly round leading edges, and also at the Blunt Delta Wing at hypersonic speed. 3) Selected Flow Problems of the two wing classes. In short sections practical design problems are discussed. The treatment of flow past fuselages, although desirable, was not possible in the frame of this book.
Author: Kaufman Louis G. (II)
Author: Kaufman Louis G. (II)
Author: Louis G. Kaufman
Author: J. Delery
Author: 
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Jan Robert Wright
Author: Ernst Heinrich Hirschel
Author: 
Author: United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics