Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Since the 1970 innovations have allowed both active and passive neutron techniques to address various safeguards and waste measurement needs in the DOE complex. Much research was focused on satisfjring the 100-nCi/g detection limit for TRU waste in 208-liter drums. The emphasis on measuring drum-sized containers for disposal at WIPP has resulted in improved waste assay capability that now needs to be extended to larger containers. The desire to expedite the decontamination and decommissioning of certtain DOE facilities, and the large waste encountered in that process, has prompted the need for increasingly large disposal containers. Instruments have recently been built to accommodate crates that are nearly 100 cubic feet in volume, such as a B-25 box or Standard Waste 13ox. The density of hydrogen inside a waste container profoundly affects the accuracy of neutron measurements, and the metal content greatly affects sensitivity. Depending on the matrix, and especially the hydrogen content, the response of an instrument to a single point source can vary tremendously within the container. Because the density and composition of metals inside each container are unknown, the observed cosmic ray background rate varies from one container to the next, resulting in a loss of sensitivity for passive counters. In the paper we will explore the magnitude of these problcms for both metal- and hydrogen-bearing matrices in a crate-sized containers.
Sensitivity and Accuracy Considerations for Neutron Assay of Plutonium-contaminated Waste in Large Containers
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Since the 1970 innovations have allowed both active and passive neutron techniques to address various safeguards and waste measurement needs in the DOE complex. Much research was focused on satisfjring the 100-nCi/g detection limit for TRU waste in 208-liter drums. The emphasis on measuring drum-sized containers for disposal at WIPP has resulted in improved waste assay capability that now needs to be extended to larger containers. The desire to expedite the decontamination and decommissioning of certtain DOE facilities, and the large waste encountered in that process, has prompted the need for increasingly large disposal containers. Instruments have recently been built to accommodate crates that are nearly 100 cubic feet in volume, such as a B-25 box or Standard Waste 13ox. The density of hydrogen inside a waste container profoundly affects the accuracy of neutron measurements, and the metal content greatly affects sensitivity. Depending on the matrix, and especially the hydrogen content, the response of an instrument to a single point source can vary tremendously within the container. Because the density and composition of metals inside each container are unknown, the observed cosmic ray background rate varies from one container to the next, resulting in a loss of sensitivity for passive counters. In the paper we will explore the magnitude of these problcms for both metal- and hydrogen-bearing matrices in a crate-sized containers.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Since the 1970 innovations have allowed both active and passive neutron techniques to address various safeguards and waste measurement needs in the DOE complex. Much research was focused on satisfjring the 100-nCi/g detection limit for TRU waste in 208-liter drums. The emphasis on measuring drum-sized containers for disposal at WIPP has resulted in improved waste assay capability that now needs to be extended to larger containers. The desire to expedite the decontamination and decommissioning of certtain DOE facilities, and the large waste encountered in that process, has prompted the need for increasingly large disposal containers. Instruments have recently been built to accommodate crates that are nearly 100 cubic feet in volume, such as a B-25 box or Standard Waste 13ox. The density of hydrogen inside a waste container profoundly affects the accuracy of neutron measurements, and the metal content greatly affects sensitivity. Depending on the matrix, and especially the hydrogen content, the response of an instrument to a single point source can vary tremendously within the container. Because the density and composition of metals inside each container are unknown, the observed cosmic ray background rate varies from one container to the next, resulting in a loss of sensitivity for passive counters. In the paper we will explore the magnitude of these problcms for both metal- and hydrogen-bearing matrices in a crate-sized containers.
Monitoring of Plutonium Contaminated Solid Waste Streams
Author: G. Birkhoff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789282505441
Category : Neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 71
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789282505441
Category : Neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 71
Book Description
Monitoring of Plutonium Contaminated Solid Waste Streams
Monitoring of Plutonium-contaminated Solid Waste Streams. Chapter V : Active Neutron Assay
Monitoring of plutonium-contaminated solid waste steams : chapter V, active neutron assay
Regulatory Guide
Author: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Standards Development
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1058
Book Description
Contents: 1. Power reactors.--2. Research and test reactors.--3. Fuels and materials facilities.--4. Environmental and siting.--5. Materials and plant protection.--6. Products.--7. Transportation.--8. Occupational health.--9. Antitrust reviews.--10. General.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1058
Book Description
Contents: 1. Power reactors.--2. Research and test reactors.--3. Fuels and materials facilities.--4. Environmental and siting.--5. Materials and plant protection.--6. Products.--7. Transportation.--8. Occupational health.--9. Antitrust reviews.--10. General.
NRC Regulatory Guides
Author: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear industry
Languages : en
Pages : 8
Book Description
A compilation of currently available electronic versions of NRC regulatory guides.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear industry
Languages : en
Pages : 8
Book Description
A compilation of currently available electronic versions of NRC regulatory guides.
Strategy and Methodology for Radioactive Waste Characterization
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher: IAEA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
Over the past decade significant progress has been achieved in the development of waste characterization and control procedures and equipment as a direct response to ever-increasing requirements for quality and reliability of information on waste characteristics. Failure in control procedures at any step can have important, adverse consequences and may result in producing waste packages which are not compliant with the waste acceptance criteria for disposal, thereby adversely impacting the repository. The information and guidance included in this publication corresponds to recent achievements and reflects the optimum approaches, thereby reducing the potential for error and enhancing the quality of the end product. -- Publisher's description.
Publisher: IAEA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
Over the past decade significant progress has been achieved in the development of waste characterization and control procedures and equipment as a direct response to ever-increasing requirements for quality and reliability of information on waste characteristics. Failure in control procedures at any step can have important, adverse consequences and may result in producing waste packages which are not compliant with the waste acceptance criteria for disposal, thereby adversely impacting the repository. The information and guidance included in this publication corresponds to recent achievements and reflects the optimum approaches, thereby reducing the potential for error and enhancing the quality of the end product. -- Publisher's description.
Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials
Author: Doug Reilly
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780160327247
Category : Non-destructive testing
Languages : en
Pages : 700
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780160327247
Category : Non-destructive testing
Languages : en
Pages : 700
Book Description