Author: Hoon Jai Chun
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642356265
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is the principal tool for the investigation and treatment of most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The Atlas of Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy offers a comprehensive overview of the role of gastrointestinal endoscopy in diagnosis. The atlas contains an abundance of high-quality images of a wide range of diseases of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by precise clinical descriptions. Normal findings and variants are also documented. Furthermore, many images obtained by means of advanced image-enhanced endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, device-assisted enteroscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound are included. This book will be an ideal reference for both specialists and trainees in gastroenterology. It will provide the reader with an invaluable store of knowledge and with the clear guidance required in order to perform gastrointestinal endoscopy to best effect.
Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Author: Hoon Jai Chun
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642356265
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is the principal tool for the investigation and treatment of most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The Atlas of Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy offers a comprehensive overview of the role of gastrointestinal endoscopy in diagnosis. The atlas contains an abundance of high-quality images of a wide range of diseases of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by precise clinical descriptions. Normal findings and variants are also documented. Furthermore, many images obtained by means of advanced image-enhanced endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, device-assisted enteroscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound are included. This book will be an ideal reference for both specialists and trainees in gastroenterology. It will provide the reader with an invaluable store of knowledge and with the clear guidance required in order to perform gastrointestinal endoscopy to best effect.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642356265
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is the principal tool for the investigation and treatment of most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The Atlas of Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy offers a comprehensive overview of the role of gastrointestinal endoscopy in diagnosis. The atlas contains an abundance of high-quality images of a wide range of diseases of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by precise clinical descriptions. Normal findings and variants are also documented. Furthermore, many images obtained by means of advanced image-enhanced endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, device-assisted enteroscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound are included. This book will be an ideal reference for both specialists and trainees in gastroenterology. It will provide the reader with an invaluable store of knowledge and with the clear guidance required in order to perform gastrointestinal endoscopy to best effect.
Sedation and Monitoring in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America
Author: John Vargo
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 032344864X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 177
Book Description
In this issue an impressive group of contributors at the forefront of sedation research has been assembled to provide endoscopists and dedicated nursing personnel alike a comprehensive review of important topics in the field sedation and analgesia. A discussion on the pharmacology and agents used to provide moderate and deep sedation provides the basic framework that is a crucial element in determining the driving force behind the developments in sedation and analgesia. An evidence-based approach on the use of unsedated endoscopy is also provided. Other topics included the use of propofol, patient-controlled sedation and analgesia, extended physiologic monitoring, risk management, and quality assurance as they apply to the spectrum of sedation in the endoscopy suite. Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric patient is also addressed.
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 032344864X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 177
Book Description
In this issue an impressive group of contributors at the forefront of sedation research has been assembled to provide endoscopists and dedicated nursing personnel alike a comprehensive review of important topics in the field sedation and analgesia. A discussion on the pharmacology and agents used to provide moderate and deep sedation provides the basic framework that is a crucial element in determining the driving force behind the developments in sedation and analgesia. An evidence-based approach on the use of unsedated endoscopy is also provided. Other topics included the use of propofol, patient-controlled sedation and analgesia, extended physiologic monitoring, risk management, and quality assurance as they apply to the spectrum of sedation in the endoscopy suite. Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric patient is also addressed.
The ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery
Author: David E. Beck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387734406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1042
Book Description
The ASCRS Textbook of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a comprehensive textbook designed to provide state of the art information to residents in training and fully trained surgeons seeking recertification. The textbook also supports the mission of the ASCRS to be the world’s authority on colon and rectal disease. The combination of junior and senior authors selected from the membership of the ASCRS for each chapter will provide a comprehensive summary of each topic and allow the touch of experience to focus and temper the material. This approach should provide the reader with a very open minded, evidence based approach to all aspects of colorectal disease. Derived from the textbook, The ASCRS Manual of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a “hands on” version of the textbook, written with the same comprehensive, evidence-based approach but distilled to the clinical essentials. In a handy pocket format, readers will find the bread and butter information for the broad spectrum of practice. In a consistent style, each chapter outlines the condition or procedure being discussed in a concise outline format – easy to read, appropriately illustrated and referenced.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387734406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1042
Book Description
The ASCRS Textbook of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a comprehensive textbook designed to provide state of the art information to residents in training and fully trained surgeons seeking recertification. The textbook also supports the mission of the ASCRS to be the world’s authority on colon and rectal disease. The combination of junior and senior authors selected from the membership of the ASCRS for each chapter will provide a comprehensive summary of each topic and allow the touch of experience to focus and temper the material. This approach should provide the reader with a very open minded, evidence based approach to all aspects of colorectal disease. Derived from the textbook, The ASCRS Manual of Surgery of the Colon and Rectum offers a “hands on” version of the textbook, written with the same comprehensive, evidence-based approach but distilled to the clinical essentials. In a handy pocket format, readers will find the bread and butter information for the broad spectrum of practice. In a consistent style, each chapter outlines the condition or procedure being discussed in a concise outline format – easy to read, appropriately illustrated and referenced.
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy
Author: Nico de Vries
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132403660
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 442
Book Description
The definitive resource on the innovative use of DISE for obstructive sleep apnea Obstructive sleep apnea is the most prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, impacting an estimated 1.36 billion people worldwide. In the past, OSA was almost exclusively treated with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), however, dynamic assessment of upper airway obstruction with Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) has been instrumental in developing efficacious alternatives. Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications by Nico de Vries, Ottavio Piccin, Olivier Vanderveken, and Claudio Vicini is the first textbook on DISE written by world-renowned sleep medicine pioneers. Twenty-four chapters feature contributions from an impressive group of multidisciplinary international experts. Foundational chapters encompass indications, contraindications, informed consent, organization and logistics, patient preparation, and drugs used in DISE. Subsequent chapters focus on treatment outcomes, the role of DISE in therapeutic decision making and upper airway stimulation, pediatric sleep endoscopy, craniofacial syndromes, advanced techniques, and more. Key Highlights Comprehensive video library highlights common and rare DISE findings A full spectrum of sleep disordered breathing and OSA topics, from historic to future perspectives Insightful clinical pearls on preventing errors and managing complications including concentric and epiglottis collapse Discussion of controversial DISE applications including oral appliances and positional and combination therapies This unique book is essential reading for otolaryngology residents, fellows, and surgeons. Clinicians in other specialties involved in sleep medicine will also benefit from this reference, including pulmonologists, neurologists, neurophysiologists, maxillofacial surgeons, and anesthesiologists.
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 3132403660
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 442
Book Description
The definitive resource on the innovative use of DISE for obstructive sleep apnea Obstructive sleep apnea is the most prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, impacting an estimated 1.36 billion people worldwide. In the past, OSA was almost exclusively treated with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), however, dynamic assessment of upper airway obstruction with Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) has been instrumental in developing efficacious alternatives. Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications by Nico de Vries, Ottavio Piccin, Olivier Vanderveken, and Claudio Vicini is the first textbook on DISE written by world-renowned sleep medicine pioneers. Twenty-four chapters feature contributions from an impressive group of multidisciplinary international experts. Foundational chapters encompass indications, contraindications, informed consent, organization and logistics, patient preparation, and drugs used in DISE. Subsequent chapters focus on treatment outcomes, the role of DISE in therapeutic decision making and upper airway stimulation, pediatric sleep endoscopy, craniofacial syndromes, advanced techniques, and more. Key Highlights Comprehensive video library highlights common and rare DISE findings A full spectrum of sleep disordered breathing and OSA topics, from historic to future perspectives Insightful clinical pearls on preventing errors and managing complications including concentric and epiglottis collapse Discussion of controversial DISE applications including oral appliances and positional and combination therapies This unique book is essential reading for otolaryngology residents, fellows, and surgeons. Clinicians in other specialties involved in sleep medicine will also benefit from this reference, including pulmonologists, neurologists, neurophysiologists, maxillofacial surgeons, and anesthesiologists.
Endotherapy in Biliopancreatic Diseases: ERCP Meets EUS
Author: Massimiliano Mutignani
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303042569X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
This volume presents the technical and cultural state of the art of two of the riskiest, most complex and operator-dependent digestive operative techniques: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). The authors compare old and new techniques, shedding light on the most recent and innovative scientific findings, including those in the field of anatomic pathology and molecular biology considered relevant for the analysis of tissue samples collected during EUS. In view of the technical difficulties specific to these techniques, the book also offers access to online-videos and numerous images, making it a valuable resource both for physicians approaching these techniques for the first time as well as for those already using them. Organized into 7 sections, it describes in detail all techniques related to ERCP/EUS, together with any specific technical equipment required. It also presents a new paradigm based on the latest results in the areas of prevention, diagnosis and management of the most common complications. Clinical outcomes presented in international literature, as well as algorithms – both based on scientific evidence and expert findings – are illustrated and compared to alternative treatments.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303042569X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
This volume presents the technical and cultural state of the art of two of the riskiest, most complex and operator-dependent digestive operative techniques: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). The authors compare old and new techniques, shedding light on the most recent and innovative scientific findings, including those in the field of anatomic pathology and molecular biology considered relevant for the analysis of tissue samples collected during EUS. In view of the technical difficulties specific to these techniques, the book also offers access to online-videos and numerous images, making it a valuable resource both for physicians approaching these techniques for the first time as well as for those already using them. Organized into 7 sections, it describes in detail all techniques related to ERCP/EUS, together with any specific technical equipment required. It also presents a new paradigm based on the latest results in the areas of prevention, diagnosis and management of the most common complications. Clinical outcomes presented in international literature, as well as algorithms – both based on scientific evidence and expert findings – are illustrated and compared to alternative treatments.
Esophagitis and Gastritis
Author: Vincenzo Neri
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839690593
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of esophagitis and gastritis and the many manifestations of these conditions. Chapters cover such topics as gastroduodenal ulcers, infectious pathologies of the esophagus, gastrointestinal pathophysiological testing for upper GI disorders, and more.
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839690593
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of esophagitis and gastritis and the many manifestations of these conditions. Chapters cover such topics as gastroduodenal ulcers, infectious pathologies of the esophagus, gastrointestinal pathophysiological testing for upper GI disorders, and more.
The ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery
Author: Scott R. Steele
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319259709
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1269
Book Description
This third edition text provides a completely revised and updated new version of this unique, modern, practical text that covers the strategic evaluation, specific approaches, and detailed management techniques utilized by expert colorectal surgeons caring for patients with complex problems–whether they result from underlying colorectal disease or from complications arising from previous surgical therapy. The format follows that of both a “how to” manual as well as an algorithm-based guide to allow the reader to understand the thought process behind the proposed treatment strategy. By making use of evidence-based recommendations, each chapter includes not only background information and diagnostic/therapeutic guidelines, but also provides a narrative by the author on his/her operative technical details and perioperative “tips and tricks” that they utilize in the management of these complex surgical challenges. Distinctive to this book, is the reliance on experts in the field including past presidents of the ASCRS, as well as multiple other national and internationally recognized surgeons, to lend their personal insight into situations where data may be more sparse, but individual and collective experience is paramount to making sound decisions and thereby optimizing patient outcomes. The text includes chapters on the assessment of risk and methods utilized to minimize perioperative complications. In addition, it incorporates sections covering the medical and surgical therapies for abdominal, pelvic and anorectal disease. Moreover, the technical challenges of managing complications resulting from the original or subsequent operations is addressed. The underlying focus throughout the text is on providing pragmatic and understandable solutions that can be readily implemented by surgeons of varying experience to successfully treat complex colorectal problems. However, it also goes beyond the technical aspects of colorectal surgery and includes special sections highlighting the essence of a surgeon; covering aspects involving the medical-legal, ethical, and economic challenges confronting surgeons. Throughout the text, each author provides an ongoing narrative of his/her individual surgical techniques along with illustrations and diagrams to “personally” take the reader through the crucial steps of the procedure, and key points of patient care inherent to that topic. Additionally, where appropriate, links to online videos give the reader an up-front look into technical aspects of colorectal surgery.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319259709
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1269
Book Description
This third edition text provides a completely revised and updated new version of this unique, modern, practical text that covers the strategic evaluation, specific approaches, and detailed management techniques utilized by expert colorectal surgeons caring for patients with complex problems–whether they result from underlying colorectal disease or from complications arising from previous surgical therapy. The format follows that of both a “how to” manual as well as an algorithm-based guide to allow the reader to understand the thought process behind the proposed treatment strategy. By making use of evidence-based recommendations, each chapter includes not only background information and diagnostic/therapeutic guidelines, but also provides a narrative by the author on his/her operative technical details and perioperative “tips and tricks” that they utilize in the management of these complex surgical challenges. Distinctive to this book, is the reliance on experts in the field including past presidents of the ASCRS, as well as multiple other national and internationally recognized surgeons, to lend their personal insight into situations where data may be more sparse, but individual and collective experience is paramount to making sound decisions and thereby optimizing patient outcomes. The text includes chapters on the assessment of risk and methods utilized to minimize perioperative complications. In addition, it incorporates sections covering the medical and surgical therapies for abdominal, pelvic and anorectal disease. Moreover, the technical challenges of managing complications resulting from the original or subsequent operations is addressed. The underlying focus throughout the text is on providing pragmatic and understandable solutions that can be readily implemented by surgeons of varying experience to successfully treat complex colorectal problems. However, it also goes beyond the technical aspects of colorectal surgery and includes special sections highlighting the essence of a surgeon; covering aspects involving the medical-legal, ethical, and economic challenges confronting surgeons. Throughout the text, each author provides an ongoing narrative of his/her individual surgical techniques along with illustrations and diagrams to “personally” take the reader through the crucial steps of the procedure, and key points of patient care inherent to that topic. Additionally, where appropriate, links to online videos give the reader an up-front look into technical aspects of colorectal surgery.
Out of Operating Room Anesthesia
Author: Basavana G. Goudra
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331939150X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 467
Book Description
This book covers all aspects of out of operating room anesthesia and deep sedation practice. The practical aspects of anesthesia are emphasized, with particular stress on management of un-anticipated adverse events. A concise, yet comprehensive description of relevant basic sciences is also included. Although the contributors are predominantly North American, essential elements of out of OR practice in countries other than the USA are incorporated. Situations like those that contributed to the death of Joan Rivers are addressed with particular emphasis on their recognition, prevention and management. The importance of safety as the key element in providing anesthesia in remote or unfamiliar areas is highlighted and discussed. A lack of accurate documentation is a major drawback in out of OR anesthesia practice and the reader is drawn to the importance of documentation, both from a practical and medico legal standpoint. A separate chapter deals with research and future directions in out of OR anesthesia. Out of Operating Room Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review, is primarily aimed at all anesthesia providers: anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and residents. Specific chapters such as dental anesthesia, anesthesia for ER procedures and sedation for cosmetic procedures will be useful as a reference guide to physicians exposed to brief training in anesthesia during their non-anesthesia residency program.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331939150X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 467
Book Description
This book covers all aspects of out of operating room anesthesia and deep sedation practice. The practical aspects of anesthesia are emphasized, with particular stress on management of un-anticipated adverse events. A concise, yet comprehensive description of relevant basic sciences is also included. Although the contributors are predominantly North American, essential elements of out of OR practice in countries other than the USA are incorporated. Situations like those that contributed to the death of Joan Rivers are addressed with particular emphasis on their recognition, prevention and management. The importance of safety as the key element in providing anesthesia in remote or unfamiliar areas is highlighted and discussed. A lack of accurate documentation is a major drawback in out of OR anesthesia practice and the reader is drawn to the importance of documentation, both from a practical and medico legal standpoint. A separate chapter deals with research and future directions in out of OR anesthesia. Out of Operating Room Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review, is primarily aimed at all anesthesia providers: anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and residents. Specific chapters such as dental anesthesia, anesthesia for ER procedures and sedation for cosmetic procedures will be useful as a reference guide to physicians exposed to brief training in anesthesia during their non-anesthesia residency program.
ERCP
Author: Peter B. Cotton
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119601061
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 432
Book Description
Provides the comprehensive knowledge required to perform ERCP safely and effectively Authored by the very best in the field, this “how-to” guide to mastering the crucial yet complex gastrointestinal procedure called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) covers the entire range of both standard and advanced techniques, using a highly practical approach. It also places a strong emphasis on patient education, safety, and minimizing risks, offering “tips and tricks” and key points throughout to aid rapid understanding. The book is filled with over 250 illustrations Covering ERCP preparation, techniques, clinical applications, and quality and safety, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition begins with chapters on “getting prepared,” including training and competence; facilities and equipment; risk assessment and reduction; sedation, anesthesia, and medications. It then covers “what can be done,” describing standard devices and techniques; intraductal therapies; ampullectomy; and reporting and documentation. Next it has chapters on “what should be done,” clinical applications of ERCP in acute cholangitis; peri-cholecystectomy; difficult bile duct stones; biliary pain; and numerous forms of pancreatitis. The book finishes with coverage of adverse events and how to ensure competent practice. Teaches all of the standard and advanced ERCP techniques Focuses on patient safety/comfort throughout Brilliantly-illustrated with endoscopic, EUS and radiologic images, and anatomical drawings Offers a step-by-step, practical approach to ERCP—highlighting potential technical and anatomical hazards Packed with tips and tricks boxes and key points boxes to assist comprehension 20 high-definition videos of ERCP performed by the experts, perfect to improve clinical technique Full reference to the very latest ASGE, ACG, ASG and UEGW guidelines throughout Brought to you by world pioneers in endoscopy, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition is an essential purchase for gastroenterologists and endoscopists of all levels.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119601061
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 432
Book Description
Provides the comprehensive knowledge required to perform ERCP safely and effectively Authored by the very best in the field, this “how-to” guide to mastering the crucial yet complex gastrointestinal procedure called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) covers the entire range of both standard and advanced techniques, using a highly practical approach. It also places a strong emphasis on patient education, safety, and minimizing risks, offering “tips and tricks” and key points throughout to aid rapid understanding. The book is filled with over 250 illustrations Covering ERCP preparation, techniques, clinical applications, and quality and safety, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition begins with chapters on “getting prepared,” including training and competence; facilities and equipment; risk assessment and reduction; sedation, anesthesia, and medications. It then covers “what can be done,” describing standard devices and techniques; intraductal therapies; ampullectomy; and reporting and documentation. Next it has chapters on “what should be done,” clinical applications of ERCP in acute cholangitis; peri-cholecystectomy; difficult bile duct stones; biliary pain; and numerous forms of pancreatitis. The book finishes with coverage of adverse events and how to ensure competent practice. Teaches all of the standard and advanced ERCP techniques Focuses on patient safety/comfort throughout Brilliantly-illustrated with endoscopic, EUS and radiologic images, and anatomical drawings Offers a step-by-step, practical approach to ERCP—highlighting potential technical and anatomical hazards Packed with tips and tricks boxes and key points boxes to assist comprehension 20 high-definition videos of ERCP performed by the experts, perfect to improve clinical technique Full reference to the very latest ASGE, ACG, ASG and UEGW guidelines throughout Brought to you by world pioneers in endoscopy, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition is an essential purchase for gastroenterologists and endoscopists of all levels.
Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Author: Peter B. Cotton
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405140682
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is now mainstream and the focus is nowchanging from developing new techniques to enhancing the efficiencyand quality of fundamental techniques. There are three elements tothis agenda: initial training, continuous quality improvement andpatient empowerment. For the first time, the book is accompanied by two CD-ROMs -featuring video and animation of how to perform the techniques. Thefirst CD-ROM covers the upper GI tract and consists of twosections: (1) the background to instruments and how to get set up,and (2) how to perform diagnostic techniques. The second CD-ROMcovers diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in colonoscopy. Cotton and Williams' book has evolved with each new edition toreflect developments in the field of endoscopy over the last 20years. This fifth edition draws on the vast experience of the authorsand heralds current changes in both endoscopy and publishing. The emerging 'back to basics' attitude of endoscopy opinionformers with regard to the teaching of endoscopy has resulted in amore focused table of contents specifically targeted at newcomersto this specialty.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405140682
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is now mainstream and the focus is nowchanging from developing new techniques to enhancing the efficiencyand quality of fundamental techniques. There are three elements tothis agenda: initial training, continuous quality improvement andpatient empowerment. For the first time, the book is accompanied by two CD-ROMs -featuring video and animation of how to perform the techniques. Thefirst CD-ROM covers the upper GI tract and consists of twosections: (1) the background to instruments and how to get set up,and (2) how to perform diagnostic techniques. The second CD-ROMcovers diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in colonoscopy. Cotton and Williams' book has evolved with each new edition toreflect developments in the field of endoscopy over the last 20years. This fifth edition draws on the vast experience of the authorsand heralds current changes in both endoscopy and publishing. The emerging 'back to basics' attitude of endoscopy opinionformers with regard to the teaching of endoscopy has resulted in amore focused table of contents specifically targeted at newcomersto this specialty.