Seasonal Dynamics of Organic Matter and Inorganic Nitrogen in Surface Waters of Alaskan Arctic Streams and Rivers PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Seasonal Dynamics of Organic Matter and Inorganic Nitrogen in Surface Waters of Alaskan Arctic Streams and Rivers PDF full book. Access full book title Seasonal Dynamics of Organic Matter and Inorganic Nitrogen in Surface Waters of Alaskan Arctic Streams and Rivers by Matthew Solomon Khosh. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Matthew Solomon Khosh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
Climate-linked changes in hydrology and biogeochemical processes within Arctic watersheds are likely already affecting fluvial export of waterborne materials, including organic matter (OM) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). Our understanding of Arctic watershed OM and DIN export response to climate change is hampered by a lack of contemporary baselines, as well as a dearth of seasonally comprehensive studies. This work focuses on characterizing OM and DIN concentrations and sources in six streams/rivers on the North Slope of Alaska during the entirety of the hydrologic year (May through October) in 2009 and 2010. The highest OM concentrations occurred during spring snowmelt, with results indicating that terrestrial vegetation leachates are the major source of dissolved OM, while particulate OM originates from a degraded soil source. Over the hydrologic year, soils became a progressively increasing source of dissolved OM, while autochthonous production made up a sizeable proportion of particulate OM during base flow conditions. DIN concentrations were low throughout the spring and summer and increased markedly during the late summer and fall. Our findings suggest that penetration of water into thawed mineral soils, and a reduction in nitrogen assimilation relative to remineralization, may increase DIN export from Arctic watersheds during the late summer and fall. Although recent studies of Arctic rivers have emphasized the importance of the spring thaw period on OM export, our understanding of the mechanisms that control water chemistry observations during this time are still lacking. Experimental leaching results, from experiments conducted in 2014, suggest that aboveground plant biomass is a major source of dissolved OM in Arctic catchments during the spring, and that the timing of freezing and drying conditions during the fall may impact dissolved OM leaching dynamics on that same material the following snowmelt. Improved knowledge of OM and DIN temporal trends and the mechanisms that control seasonal concentrations is essential for understanding export dynamics of these water constituents in Arctic river systems. Perhaps more importantly, increased understanding of the seasonal controls on OM and DIN export in Arctic rivers is critical for predicting how these systems will respond under future climate change scenarios.
Author: Matthew Solomon Khosh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
Climate-linked changes in hydrology and biogeochemical processes within Arctic watersheds are likely already affecting fluvial export of waterborne materials, including organic matter (OM) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). Our understanding of Arctic watershed OM and DIN export response to climate change is hampered by a lack of contemporary baselines, as well as a dearth of seasonally comprehensive studies. This work focuses on characterizing OM and DIN concentrations and sources in six streams/rivers on the North Slope of Alaska during the entirety of the hydrologic year (May through October) in 2009 and 2010. The highest OM concentrations occurred during spring snowmelt, with results indicating that terrestrial vegetation leachates are the major source of dissolved OM, while particulate OM originates from a degraded soil source. Over the hydrologic year, soils became a progressively increasing source of dissolved OM, while autochthonous production made up a sizeable proportion of particulate OM during base flow conditions. DIN concentrations were low throughout the spring and summer and increased markedly during the late summer and fall. Our findings suggest that penetration of water into thawed mineral soils, and a reduction in nitrogen assimilation relative to remineralization, may increase DIN export from Arctic watersheds during the late summer and fall. Although recent studies of Arctic rivers have emphasized the importance of the spring thaw period on OM export, our understanding of the mechanisms that control water chemistry observations during this time are still lacking. Experimental leaching results, from experiments conducted in 2014, suggest that aboveground plant biomass is a major source of dissolved OM in Arctic catchments during the spring, and that the timing of freezing and drying conditions during the fall may impact dissolved OM leaching dynamics on that same material the following snowmelt. Improved knowledge of OM and DIN temporal trends and the mechanisms that control seasonal concentrations is essential for understanding export dynamics of these water constituents in Arctic river systems. Perhaps more importantly, increased understanding of the seasonal controls on OM and DIN export in Arctic rivers is critical for predicting how these systems will respond under future climate change scenarios.
Author: Thomas A. Douglas Publisher: ISBN: Category : Alaska Languages : en Pages : 20
Book Description
Predicting the response of dissolved nitrogen export from Arctic watersheds to climate change requires an improved understanding of seasonal nitrogen dynamics. Recent studies of Arctic rivers emphasize the importance of spring thaw as a time when large fluxes of nitrogen are exported from Arctic watersheds, but studies capturing the entire hydrologic year are rare. We examined the temporal variability of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations in six streams/rivers in Arctic Alaska from spring melt to fall freezeup (May through October) in 2009 and 2010. DON concentrations were generally high during snowmelt and declined as runoff decreased. DIN concentrations were low through the spring and summer and increased markedly during the late summer and fall, primarily due to an increase in nitrate. The high DIN concentrations were observed to occur when seasonal soil thaw depths were near maximum extents. Concurrent increases in DIN and DIN‐to‐chloride ratios suggest that net increases from nitrogen sources contributed to these elevated DIN concentrations. Our stream chemistry data, combined with soil thermistor data, suggest that downward penetration of water into seasonally thawed mineral soils, and reduction in biological nitrogen assimilation relative to remineralization, may increase DIN export from Arctic watersheds during the late summer and fall. While this is part of a natural cycle, improved understanding of seasonal nitrogen dynamics is particularly important now because warmer temperatures in the Arctic are causing earlier spring snowmelt and later fall freezeup in many regions.
Author: Charles R. Goldman Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118470613 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 481
Book Description
Effects of global warming on the physical, chemical, ecological structure and function and biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems are not well understood and there are many opinions on how to adapt aquatic environments to global warming in order to minimize the negative effects of climate change. Climatic Change and Global Warming of Inland Waters presents a synthesis of the latest research on a whole range of inland water habitats – lakes, running water, wetlands – and offers novel and timely suggestions for future research, monitoring and adaptation strategies. A global approach, offered in this book, encompasses systems from the arctic to the Antarctic, including warm-water systems in the tropics and subtropics and presents a unique and useful source for all those looking for contemporary case studies and presentation of the latest research findings and discussion of mitigation and adaptation throughout the world. Edited by three of the leading limnologists in the field this book represents the latest developments with a focus not only on the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems but also offers a framework and suggestions for future management strategies and how these can be implemented in the future. Limnologists, Climate change biologists, fresh water ecologists, palaeoclimatologists and students taking relevant courses within the earth and environmental sciences will find this book invaluable. The book will also be of interest to planners, catchment managers and engineers looking for solutions to broader environmental problems but who need to consider freshwater ecology.
Author: Rüdiger Stein Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642189121 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
The flux, preservation, and accumulation of organic carbon in marine systems are controlled by various mechanisms including primary p- duction of the surface water, supply of terrigenous organic matter from the surrounding continents, biogeochemical processes in the water column and at the seafloor, and sedimentation rate. For the world's oceans, phytoplankton productivity is by far the largest organic carbon 9 source, estimated to be about 30 to 50 Gt (10 tonnes) per year (Berger et al. 1989; Hedges and Keil 1995). By comparison, rivers contribute -1 about 0. 15 to 0. 23 Gt y of particulate organi.
Author: Paula G. Coble Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521764610 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Author: Warwick F. Vincent Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199213887 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
This book provides an overview of the ecology of high latitude lakes, rivers and glacial environments in both the North and South polar regions. It describes each ecosystem type, the remarkable aquatic life that thrives in these extreme habitats, and the similarities and differences between Arctic and Antarctic waters.
Author: Craig Thomas Connolly Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
Arctic warming is already affecting the movement of freshwater and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from watersheds to the coastal ocean in the Arctic. Improved understanding of DOM in freshwater sources and linkages to DOM characteristics in Arctic coastal waters is needed to assess responses to and feedbacks with climate change. This work focuses on DOM characteristics that couple watershed and coastal systems in the Arctic, with specific considerations of river and groundwater inputs to lagoon ecosystems along the eastern Alaska Beaufort Sea coast. We found that spring and summer river-borne concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC and DON) are strongly linked to variations in watershed slope and soil organic matter coverage across space and scale in the Arctic. The quantities and composition of DOM in lagoons of the eastern Alaska Beaufort Sea coast vary markedly between seasons. Specifically, lagoons experience a shift from high to low DOC and DON concentrations between the late spring sea ice break-up and winter ice-covered periods, but these concentrations are more variable during the summer open water period. Distinct seasonal transitions in ice coverage, runoff from land, and water exchange with the Beaufort Sea strongly influence the availability of lagoon DOM. During the summer, concentrations of DOC and DON in supra-permafrost groundwater (SPGW) inputs to lagoons are much higher than those found in local rivers and lagoons. Late-summer fluxes of SPGW DOM to the northern Alaska coastline are substantial and may be the principal source of DOM to lagoons without river inputs. This SPGW DOM is sourced from readily leachable organic matter in surface soils and deeper soil horizons that likely extend into thawing permafrost. SPGW DOM contains aromatic carbon compounds that are largely resistant to microbial degradation on the order of days to months. While nearby river and lagoon water DOM has a similar composition and degradability, SPGW contains a portion of bioavailable and reactive DOM that is not present in river and lagoon waters. Inputs of SPGW DOM provide a potentially important source of energy for lagoon food webs along the Alaskan Beaufort Sea coast during the late summer
Author: Thibault Datry Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128039043 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers
Author: Matthew Solomon Khosh
Author: Matthew Solomon Khosh
Author: Thomas A. Douglas
Author: Charles R. Goldman
Author: Rüdiger Stein
Author: Paula G. Coble
Author: 
Author: Warwick F. Vincent
Author: Craig Thomas Connolly
Author: Thibault Datry
Author: Kristin Eulene Judd