School District Local Operating Revenue PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download School District Local Operating Revenue PDF full book. Access full book title School District Local Operating Revenue by Brian Hoffmeister. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Brian Hoffmeister Publisher: ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The primary local funding source for schools is locally voted property taxes, which account for approximately 94% of local operating revenue, excluding the portion of property taxes paid by the state (property tax rollbacks and homestead exemption). The other 6% comes from school district income taxes. In tax year (TY) 2022, school districts levied a total of $13.27 billion in property tax, mostly for operating expenses. In the same year, joint vocational school districts levied an additional $529.0 million in property tax. Of the total taxes charged, the state paid $1.17 billion through property tax rollbacks and reimbursements for the homestead exemption. School district income taxes totaled $684.0 million in FY 2023.
Author: Brian Hoffmeister Publisher: ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The primary local funding source for schools is locally voted property taxes, which account for approximately 94% of local operating revenue, excluding the portion of property taxes paid by the state (property tax rollbacks and homestead exemption). The other 6% comes from school district income taxes. In tax year (TY) 2022, school districts levied a total of $13.27 billion in property tax, mostly for operating expenses. In the same year, joint vocational school districts levied an additional $529.0 million in property tax. Of the total taxes charged, the state paid $1.17 billion through property tax rollbacks and reimbursements for the homestead exemption. School district income taxes totaled $684.0 million in FY 2023.
Author: Douglas M. Busch Publisher: ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 169
Book Description
As school district revenues are reduced by state allocating agencies, local school district administrators and school boards frequently evaluate alternative sources of possible revenue. One emerging source of revenue that many school districts explore is a local education foundation. Local education foundations are 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations that are affiliated with their local public school district. This study seeks to understand the problem that local school district leaders face when dealing with the complex issues that shape the success, impact, and viability of local education foundations. This mixed methods study used a cultural and symbolic framework to analyze local education foundations and the affiliated districts they support. A quantitative dataset was built for the study using Internal Revenue Service reporting documents and school district demographic data from the Michigan Department of Education. A statewide survey was distributed to superintendents with a local education foundation operating in their district as a source of data for the study. Finally, purposefully selected superintendents and local education foundation officials participated in follow up semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative data. The data were analyzed using a variety of descriptive statistical techniques. An analysis of the data revealed that 28.5% of Michigan public school districts have an affiliated local education foundation. Local education foundations contributed an average of $13.61 per student to their affiliated district during the 2008-09 school year. Additional statistical analysis indicated that local education foundations were located in districts with lower poverty levels than those without a foundation, thus contributing to inequity among districts. The majority of local education foundations employ an embedded governance model with district representation in a voting or ex officio capacity as described by McCormick, Bauer, & Ferguson (2001). The study produced several summative findings. First, local education foundations in Michigan cannot be considered a source to replace reduced state appropriations. Second, local education foundations have a non-financial benefit of improving community relations. Third, local education foundations may begin to investigate moving from a volunteer model to a professional model as an operational model to maximize their benefit to their affiliated school district.
Author: Rekha Balu Publisher: Stanford University ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 206
Book Description
Much of the school finance literature has focused on the distribution or equality of resources across school districts. Such literature compares levels of spending between school districts or states. But it has ignored the variability and unpredictability of those revenues within school districts over time. Meanwhile, public finance literature has focused on states or counties, and disregarded school districts as a unit of analysis for responses to fiscal stress. This dissertation addresses these gaps. First, drawing from techniques both within and outside of public finance, I contribute a new measure of fiscal stress based on unpredictability of state revenues. Second, I explicitly assess policy and tax mechanisms that may aggravate revenue instability for school districts and to what extent instability changes over time. Finally, I examine school districts response to chronic unpredictability in state revenues. Despite states' increasing reliance on more volatile sales and income taxes to fund public education, I find that unpredictability in state revenues to districts has declined by one-fourth of a standard deviation over time. In states that shifted to the more volatile sales and income tax base while also centralizing school finance as part of efforts to equalize school funding, unpredictability in state revenues to districts declined by a full standard deviation. In effect, centralization and more equal distribution of funding appears to trump the effects of a volatile tax base, as states have a greater ability to buffer against shocks than local education agencies do. Yet districts still face uncertain and unstable revenues from the states, aggravated by economic downturns. With primary and secondary data, I study the case of California where districts face uncertain cuts to their allocations during the year and between years. I use three key fiscal health measures: average revenue instability over time, whether revenues declined in the prior period, and the experience of the budget officer. I find that highly unstable districts are more likely to raise local revenues, but that cost-cutting is more prevalent that revenue-raising. Experienced budget officers use a greater variety of policy instruments to cope with instability, pointing to the under-explored role of management in the fiscal health of a district. These findings as a whole suggest that revenue instability merits further attention in the school finance literature in particular and public management in general. Unpredictability in states revenues is a phenomenon that concerns school districts, one that changes over time, but one to which they may adapt.
Author: William T. Hartman Publisher: R&L Education ISBN: 1461653932 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 281
Book Description
A unique resource for both academics and practitioners, School District Budgeting provides a comprehensive look at the resource allocation process, from developing planning guidelines to reporting the results of financial operations. An all-inclusive guide, the book provides theoretical and practical treatments of the entire budget process.
Author: Brian Hoffmeister
Author: Brian Hoffmeister
Author: 
Author: Marsha Gronseth
Author: Douglas M. Busch
Author: Susan Perkins Weston
Author: 
Author: Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State
Author: Rekha Balu
Author: Kentucky. Department of Education. Division of Local School District Finance
Author: William T. Hartman