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Author: M. Griggs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
The ability to measure atmospheric aerosols over ocean surfaces has been demonstrated using several different satellite sensors. Landat data originally showed that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness. Analysis of NOAA-6 AVHRR data obtained at several different locations, in coincidence with ground truth measurements, show that the Channel 1 (0.65 micron) radiances can be used to determine the aerosol optical thickness. The good agreement between the results at different locations suggests that the technique could be used in an operational system. A technique using channel 1 and Channel 2 (0.86 micron) radiances to determine the aerosol size distribution is discussed, and, in spite of uncertainties in the satellite and ground truth data, a preliminary analysis shows that useful estimates of the size distribution can be obtained. (Author).
Author: M. Griggs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
The ability to measure atmospheric aerosols over ocean surfaces has been demonstrated using several different satellite sensors. Landat data originally showed that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness. Analysis of NOAA-6 AVHRR data obtained at several different locations, in coincidence with ground truth measurements, show that the Channel 1 (0.65 micron) radiances can be used to determine the aerosol optical thickness. The good agreement between the results at different locations suggests that the technique could be used in an operational system. A technique using channel 1 and Channel 2 (0.86 micron) radiances to determine the aerosol size distribution is discussed, and, in spite of uncertainties in the satellite and ground truth data, a preliminary analysis shows that useful estimates of the size distribution can be obtained. (Author).
Author: Susan K. Runco Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aerosols Languages : en Pages : 88
Book Description
Multichannel sea surface temperatures (MCSST) computed from NOAA 7 AVHRR channels 4 and 5 are compared to sea surface temperatures measured by an aircraft radiometer (PRT-5). This data set was collected in Fall, 1982 off the southern Californian coast. The MCSST was warmer by 0.82 degrees in the area aerosol effects did not offset increasing radiance due to vertically warming air temperature. As aerosols were able to offset the temperature contribution to radiance, the difference between MCSST and PRT-5 SST measurements decreased. Aerosol effects on infrared radiance were qualitatively examined using an atmospheric transmittance model (LOWTRAN 6). Comparing the model and PRT-5 results indicates that below the marine boundary layer, high aerosol extinction caused significant cooling. Above the boundary layer, aerosols scattered and emitted energy, generally decreasing the measured radiance. The emission moderated the decrease by increasing the radiance slightly.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
Analysis of the Midway data set shows that the aerosol content determined with the two-channel technique is less accurate than with the one-channel method. An error analysis indicates that the main error sources affecting the use of the two-channel technique are the unknown atmospheric ozone and water vapor contents and the AVHRR sensor noise; if it is assumed that the ozone and water vapor contents would be known in operational use of the technique, then only the AVHRR sensor noise is of concern. (Author).
Author: Alexander A. Kokhanovsky Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540693971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Aerosols have a significant influence on the Earth's radiation budget, but there is considerable uncertainty about the magnitude of their effect on the Earth's climate. Currently, satellite remote sensing is being increasingly utilized to improve our understanding of the effect of atmospheric aerosols on the climate system. Satellite Aerosol Remote Sensing Over Land is the only book that brings together in one volume the most up-to-date research and advances in this discipline. As well as describing the current academic theory, the book presents practical applications, utilizing state-of-the-art instrumentation, invaluable to the work of environmental scientists. With contributions by an international group of experts and leaders of correspondent aerosol retrieval groups, the book is an essential tool for all those working in the field of climate change.
Author: Tanvir Islam Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128104384 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation compiles recent advances in aerosol, cloud, and precipitation remote sensing from new satellite observations. The book examines a wide range of measurements from microwave (both active and passive), visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum. Contributors are experts conducting state-of-the-art research in atmospheric remote sensing using space, airborne, and ground-based datasets, focusing on supporting earth observation satellite missions for aerosol, cloud, and precipitation studies. A handy reference for scientists working in remote sensing, earth science, electromagnetics, climate physics, and space engineering. Valuable for operational forecasters, meteorologists, geospatial experts, modelers, and policymakers alike. Presents new approaches in the field, along with further research opportunities, based on the latest satellite data Focuses on how remote sensing systems can be designed/developed to solve outstanding problems in earth and atmospheric sciences Edited by a dynamic team of editors with a mixture of highly skilled and qualified authors offering world-leading expertise in the field
Author: M. Griggs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 17
Book Description
Landsat data were originally used to demonstrate that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness (essentially all of this thickness is in the troposphere) over oceans. Since that time similar relationships have been shown to exist for sensors on the GOES and NOAA-5 satellites. A global scale ground truth experiment using Tiros-N data is planned and will investigate the variability of the linear relationship at different sites around the globe. A comparison of the results for the different satellites is presented, together with a discussion of the requirements for routine satellite monitoring of tropospheric aerosols on a global scale. (Author).
Author: David Antoine Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889635007 Category : Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
Earth’s atmosphere and oceans play individual and interconnected roles in regulating climate and the hydrological system, supporting organisms and ecosystems, and contributing to the well-being of human communities and economies. Recognizing the importance of these two geophysical fluids, NASA designed the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud and ocean Ecosystems (PACE) mission to bring cutting edge technology to space borne measurements of the atmosphere and ocean. PACE will carry the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI), a radiometer with hyperspectral capability from the ultraviolet through the near-infrared, plus eight discreet shortwave infrared bands. Thus, OCI will measure the broadest solar spectrum of any NASA instrument, to date. PACE’s second instrument will be a Multi-Angle Polarimeter (MAP). MAP will be NASA’s first imaging polarimeter on board a comprehensive Earth science mission. These instruments bring new capability to the science community, but also new challenges. Fundamentals, such as basic radiative transfer models, require review, enhancements and benchmarking in order to meet the needs of the atmosphereocean communities in the PACE era. Both OCI and MAP will bring opportunities to continue heritage climate data records of aerosols and clouds and to advance characterization of these atmospheric constituents with new macrophysical and microphysical parameters. The ability to better characterize atmospheric constituents is a necessity to better separate ocean and atmosphere signals in order to fully realize the potential of PACE measurements for oceanic observations. Atmospheric correction in the PACE era must address the expanded wavelength range and resolution of OCI images, requiring new approaches that go beyond heritage algorithms. This Research Topic encompasses fundamental radiative transfer studies, with application to the atmosphere, ocean or coupled atmosphere-ocean system. It includes remote sensing of aerosols, clouds and trace gases, over ocean or over land, but with particular focus on algorithms that take advantage of OCI’s new capabilities or multi-angle polarimetry. The Research Topic embraces studies of atmospheric correction over ocean including addressing issues of aerosols, cloud masking, foam, bubbles, ice etc., as well as ocean bio-optics and biogeochemical studies taking advantage of the PACE and polarization spectral capabilities.
Author: Srishti Dasarathy Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Tropospheric marine aerosol presence in the western Antarctic is coupled to physical and biological processes. These aerosols may be biogenic, formed from the activity of primary producers, and can be associated with seasonal dynamics of sea ice melt and phytoplankton blooms. These aerosols may also influence local environments of polar regions by absorbing and scattering solar radiation and by initiating cloud formation. To study tropospheric marine aerosol in the remote marine Bellingshausen Sea environment, we used a specialized instrument onboard the NASA Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) capable of detecting the presence of aerosols at altitudes close to the sea surface. We termed this measurement marine aerosol optical depth (MAOD). To further support these observations, we also examined coarse-mode aerosol optical depth (AODC), often used as a proxy for sea spray aerosol (SSA). We used MAOD and AODC to examine trends in marine tropospheric aerosol and undertook a multi-year remote sensing analysis in the Bellingshausen Sea from 2006-2018. Across open ocean to coastal regions, daily fluctuations in nighttime and daytime winds, respectively, drove increasing MAOD and AODC. MAOD depicted strong correlations with wind speed across the open ocean and weak correlations in coastal regions, suggesting that daily fluxes in wind speed drive the production of SSA. In the open ocean, we further observed that warmer SST enhanced AODC and the associated production of SSA, supporting prior studies. We also observed seasonal increases in MAOD alongside a seasonal increase in chl-a and the melt of sea ice; these patterns suggest that biological activity of primary producers likely contributed towards magnitudes of marine tropospheric aerosol. This work is also the first to distinguish a late winter to early spring temporal MAOD signal, likely tied to an aerosol source from either venting of biogenic aerosol from breaks in sea ice or to the production of SSA resulting from pulses in wind speed. Our work extends upon previous findings of marine aerosol in polar environments and more fully characterizes interactions during polar winter.
Author: Victoriya P. Yurchnik Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN: 1443830887 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 115
Book Description
Atmosphere Aerosol, Phytoplankton and its Influence on Climate Forming in the Pacific Ocean: Measurement New Methods is a collection of new articles by young academics, students and PhD students who participated in the 1st International Sailing Conference of Climate Forcing, held on the board the Sailing Training Ship Nadezhda in the Sea of Japan and the Okhtosk Sea in August 2010. The collection presents a vivid overview of current problems in the research fields of atmosphere aerosol, phytoplankton communities, volcanic activities and hydroacoastics in order to investigate climate change’s influence on phytoplankton communities. This collection of articles will be of interest to researchers and specialists in the fields of atmosphere and ocean monitoring, and climate forcing.
Author: M. Griggs
Author: M. Griggs
Author: Susan K. Runco
Author: M. Griggs
Author: 
Author: Alexander A. Kokhanovsky
Author: Tanvir Islam
Author: M. Griggs
Author: David Antoine
Author: Srishti Dasarathy
Author: Victoriya P. Yurchnik