Roles of Sleep Disruption and Circadian Rhythm Alterations on Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s Disease PDF Download

Author: Marilyn J. Duncan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889715388
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Author: Paula Adler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Aging-associated cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) have profound global consequences, including significant health, social, and economic impacts. Rational therapeutic interventions that can effectively address sleep disturbances and memory impairment in people with AD, as well as the complex etiopathogenesis of the disease, remain major unmet clinical needs. The circadian clock represents a new potential therapeutic target for AD, given that its dysfunction may contribute to the development and clinical manifestations of the disease through regulation of sleep, hippocampal function, and neurodegeneration. Moreover, the identification of age-related changes in the circadian regulation of processes underlying memory function in the hippocampus may open new avenues to correct dysregulated rhythms and thereby prevent or reverse cognitive decline. In the first part of this thesis, young and middle-aged non-transgenic mice were compared using quantitative mass spectrometry in order to perform a proteome-wide screen for proteins with rhythmic abundances in the hippocampus and dissect changes in the temporal orchestration of biological pathways during aging. Aging disrupted circadian regulation of the hippocampal proteome and altered the daily expression profiles of proteins implicated in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and hallmarks of aging, suggesting that aging-induced changes in rhythmic physiology may play important roles in cognitive decline and aging-associated brain disorders such as AD. In the second part of this thesis, the therapeutic potential of a small molecule circadian clock modifier (PF-670462) was evaluated in 3xTg-AD mice using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses as well as cognitive and behavioural testing. PF-670462 reversed hippocampal proteomic alterations in several AD-related and clock-regulated pathways, rescued working memory deficits, and normalized behavioural circadian rhythm disturbances in 3xTg-AD mice. This study provides in vivo proof of concept for the efficacy of direct circadian clock modulation in a transgenic mouse model of AD. Together, these studies highlight emerging roles for the circadian clock in hippocampal aging and as a therapeutic target for AD.

Author: R. Robert Auger
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030438031
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 251

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This book resolves to bridge the communication gap between research and clinical practice for circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders. Beginning with a scientific background on biological timekeeping, opening chapters describe the crucial nature of maintaining delicate temporal organization of physiological and molecular events within the body. Following this are discussions on circadian physiology and methods of circadian assessments. Subsequent chapters then relay comprehensive information regarding the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-defined circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs), specifically discussing etiology and epidemiology, but focusing on evidence-based treatment data. Concluding discussions provide guidance for the application of light therapy and discuss future roles for optimized lighting environments. Nuanced and market-demanded, Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: An Evidence-Based Guide for Clinicians and Investigators is an invaluable resource for Sleep Medicine clinicians, circadian researchers, and other interested parties.

Author: Olivia Engmann
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030811476
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 193

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In this book, leading experts in the field review how circadian rhythms impact the brain. An essential function of mammalian life is the exploitation of the regularities provided by the 24-hour cycle of day and night. The development and evolution of circadian clock mechanisms have allowed us to optimally adapt our behavior and physiology to the external world. Not surprisingly, a growing body of evidence links the disruption of circadian rhythms by genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors to illnesses of the brain. In the first section of the book, readers will learn about the molecular and anatomic architecture of circadian function in mammals. The ways in which environmental disruptions and misalignments can influence such mechanisms and therefore impair brain function and health status are also addressed. In the second part, the focus shifts to those brain regions responsible for brain function and the body-wide regulation of circadian function. Amongst others, special attention is paid to the role of astrocytes and the brain’s reward and hyprocretin / orexin systems. The book concludes with an extensive discussion on the consequences of circadian rhythm dysfunction. Several chapters present the latest findings on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, drug abuse and mood disorders. Written by auhorities in the field, the book provides a state-of-the-art review of the latest findings on circadian clocks in the brain and highlights their potentially far-reaching impacts on our health and well-being. As such, it is essential reading for all neuroscientists and clinicians seeking to understand the intricate connections between circadian rhythms and brain health and illness.

Author: M.A. Steiner
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3318068446
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 165

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The orexin system, discovered in 1998, has emerged as a crucial player in regulating the sleep and wake balance inside our brain. This discovery has sparked a burst of novel and dynamic research on the physiology and pathology of sleep. The Orexin System: Basic Science and Role in Sleep Pathology honors this research and the authors share their ideas and perspectives on the novel developments within the field. The book examines the intricate role of the orexin system in regulating sleep and wake, and its interaction with other wake-regulating systems. The orexin system is dissected at the cellular and molecular level to explore the diversity of the orexin-producing neurons, their projections, and their signaling pathways. Additionally, the book discusses the diseases which are associated with a dysfunctional orexin system, such as narcolepsy, insomnia, substance abuse, and Alzheimer’s disease, and explores the new potential therapeutic applications derived from the burst of research around this fascinating system. This publication is essential reading for neurobiologists, neurologists, psychopharmacologists, sleep researchers, and other researchers and clinical scientists interested in sleep, sleep research, insomnia, and medicine in general.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309101115
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 425

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Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.

Author: Bruce L. Miller
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107077206
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 491

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Distils the most valuable discoveries in dementia research into clear, insightful chapters written by international experts.

Author: S. R. Pandi-Perumal
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521896703
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 471

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This is a concise and comprehensive review of geriatric sleep medicine from a multidisciplinary viewpoint.

Author: P. H. Redfern
Publisher: Pharmaceutical Press
ISBN: 9780853694885
Category : Biological rhythms
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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In nature, many physical processes are governed by the passage of time. The study of these processes - chronobiology - reveals rhythmic patterns which may be yearly, monthly, daily or more frequent. Novel drug delivery systems are currently being delivered that will release varying quantities of a drug at optimum times to coincide with these rhythmic patterns.Chronotherapeutics considers the pharmaceutical and therapeutic implications associated with biological clocks. The book presents a comprehensive discussion of specific diseases that are time dependent, and the drugs and new drug formulations that can be used as treatments.Written by leading international experts in the field, Chronotherapeutics provides up-to-date information on chronobiology for non-chronobiologists in pharmaceutical and medical sciences. Peter Redfern is Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Bath, UK.

Author: Karim Fifel
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783659845499
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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