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Author: Anupama Narayan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Goal (Psychology) Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of individual difference factors, i.e., core self evaluations, cognitive ability, and task specific self-efficacy, on self-set goals and whether those effects were moderated by an assigned team goal in a pre-team context. It was hypothesized that the relationship between individual difference factors and self-set goals for potential team members would be differentially affected by the difficulty of the assigned team goal. I assessed these relationships for individual performance and individual satisfaction. In addition, I examined whether gender, task type, and team composition interacted in their effects on self-set goals. A total of 836 university students (404 males and 434 females) participated in this study. Team assigned goal (easy or difficult), team task type (quantitative or verbal) and team composition (all males, all females, and cross-balanced) were manipulated to create 12 experimental conditions. The task was to generate a high school level knowledge test by selecting, solving, and categorizing items from a predetermined test bank that was created for the purposes of this study. To accomplish this, participants set a goal for their projected contribution to the team after they were assigned the team goal. They worked individually and independently to prepare for the team task in a pre-team context. The study included measures of core self evaluations, cognitive ability, task specific self-efficacy, and self-set goals at the individual level. Results of this study provide initial evidence of the importance of accounting for variance at both the individual and team levels in self-set goals, individual performance and individual satisfaction. Further, the knowledge of an assigned team goal prior to team interaction does affect individual self-set goals, individual performance, and individual satisfaction. This study was an initial effort to understand the joint effects of dispositional and situational factors at the individual and team level on individual motivation and performance in a pre-team context. Future multilevel research is needed to explore other team level factors such as task type, team size, team structure, and team composition and other individual level factors such as conscientiousness and cognitive styles. Most importantly, research simultaneously examining individual and team level factors is required if we are to increase our understanding of the functioning of individuals in pre-team and within team contexts.
Author: Anupama Narayan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Goal (Psychology) Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of individual difference factors, i.e., core self evaluations, cognitive ability, and task specific self-efficacy, on self-set goals and whether those effects were moderated by an assigned team goal in a pre-team context. It was hypothesized that the relationship between individual difference factors and self-set goals for potential team members would be differentially affected by the difficulty of the assigned team goal. I assessed these relationships for individual performance and individual satisfaction. In addition, I examined whether gender, task type, and team composition interacted in their effects on self-set goals. A total of 836 university students (404 males and 434 females) participated in this study. Team assigned goal (easy or difficult), team task type (quantitative or verbal) and team composition (all males, all females, and cross-balanced) were manipulated to create 12 experimental conditions. The task was to generate a high school level knowledge test by selecting, solving, and categorizing items from a predetermined test bank that was created for the purposes of this study. To accomplish this, participants set a goal for their projected contribution to the team after they were assigned the team goal. They worked individually and independently to prepare for the team task in a pre-team context. The study included measures of core self evaluations, cognitive ability, task specific self-efficacy, and self-set goals at the individual level. Results of this study provide initial evidence of the importance of accounting for variance at both the individual and team levels in self-set goals, individual performance and individual satisfaction. Further, the knowledge of an assigned team goal prior to team interaction does affect individual self-set goals, individual performance, and individual satisfaction. This study was an initial effort to understand the joint effects of dispositional and situational factors at the individual and team level on individual motivation and performance in a pre-team context. Future multilevel research is needed to explore other team level factors such as task type, team size, team structure, and team composition and other individual level factors such as conscientiousness and cognitive styles. Most importantly, research simultaneously examining individual and team level factors is required if we are to increase our understanding of the functioning of individuals in pre-team and within team contexts.
Author: Charles Clarke Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118486153 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1096
Book Description
Neurology: A Queen Square Textbook, second edition, is a fully revised and updated companion that demonstrates the rapid pace of advancement within clinical neurology and applied neurosciences A comprehensive and practical overview of current developments within clinical neurology, synthesising clinical neurology with translational research Expertly edited and written by neurologists, neuroscientists and neurosurgeons working at Queen Square, advised by an distinguished International Editor team to present a global perspective Introductory chapters summarise the basic sciences underpinning the practice of clinical neurology, including genetics, channelopathies, immunology, neurophysiology and neuropathology All chapters fully revised and updated to reflect the increasing role of neurologists in acute care Includes new contributions concerning major developments in the care of; stroke, epilepsy, dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, neuromuscular disease, headache, infections, spinal disease, cranial nerve disease, neuropsychiatry, neurogenetics, neuro-oncology, uroneurology, neuro-otology, neuro-ophthalmology, pain medicine, sleep medicine, metabolic disease, drugs and toxins, autonomic disease, systemic disease, and neurorehabilitationfor dementia, epilepsy, headaches, neuro-genetics and many more
Author: James F. Graham Publisher: ISBN: Category : Management Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
"Goal theory has existed for many years. It has received wide study in academia and has become a large part of practitioner efforts to improve organizational performance. In all cases, goal setting has resulted in better organizational performance than its counter philosophy of "do your best". With the demands on organizations to compete globally and be competitive in an uncertain environment, it has never been more important for organizations to focus their efforts in the most effective way possible. Much research has been devoted to the many aspects of goal theory: self-set versus assigned, hard versus easy, group versus individual. One aspect that has not received much attention has been the effect of past experience on a group or individual's acceptance of the goal and repetitive goal usage. Given the prevalence of repetitive--daily, weekly, monthly, or annual goals--in the workplace, this issue is of critical importance. Using archival production records from a mid-west manufacturing firm, regression analysis was used to test hypotheses for effects of goal difficulty and past experience as well as their interaction on current performance. All models were found to be statistically significant, explaining up to 68% of the variance in current performance. As previously tested and supported in other research, difficult goals are positively associated with task performance. Contrary to previous testing, past experience was not a significant predictor of current performance. While the interaction of goal difficulty and past experience was statistically significant, the result was in a direction opposite to prediction, failing to support the initial hypothesis. These failures are attributed to statistical difficulties in the analysis arising from several factors encountered with the field study and the use of archival data. These included the measuring of goal difficulty, accounting for the use of repetitive goals prior to the period of this study's observation, and the potential effect of streamlined operations through lean manufacturing principles in combination with repetitive goal setting which possibly created a ceiling effect on impact of setting hard goals. These challenges and statistical results are discussed. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are presented."-- Abstract.
Author: Jef J.J. van den Hout Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030278719 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This book presents a series of studies that conceptualize, test, and monitor team flow experiences in professional organizations to perform autonomously and successfully. It analyses the processes by which team flow emerges by exemplifying case studies, and introduces a protocol to spark team flow in professional organizations.
Author: Claude Fabinyi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Applications of goal setting theory yield numerous beneficial performance outcomes (Locke & Latham, 1990). However, recent findings suggest that goal setting is not unconditionally positive (e.g., Schweitzer, Ordez, & Douma, 2004). Goal setting may cause self-regulation depletion, or a decreased ability to regulate oneself (Welsh & Ordez, 2014), but prior research has not addressed the role of individual differences in the relationship between goals and depletion. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether motivational traits, such as action/state orientation, result in some individuals being more or less depleted by goal setting. Action/state orientation, a trait-level response to goal-striving intentions and behaviors, was found to significantly moderate the relationship between goal structure and self-regulation depletion, such that individuals with a strong action orientation were less depleted than individuals with a state orientation in the high goal condition. These findings suggest that action/state orientation serves as a boundary condition in understanding the dark side of goal setting and its relationship to self-regulation depletion.
Author: Maria Carmela Annosi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Previous research has shown the importance of individual learning goal orientation for both job and task performance and consequently organizational performance. Despite its importance, knowledge on the antecedents of learning goal orientation remains scarce, especially in the context of self-managing team-based organizations. In fact, most of the research on goal orientation antecedents has been focused on individual characteristics, belief, and ability, while the contextual factors that might influence them remain unspecified. We build on and further extend earlier studies by jointly exploring the role of individual and contextual factors affecting individual learning orientation. In particular, this study combines individual informal social network, self-efficacy, performance feedbacks, and team identification into a model that explains individuals' learning goal orientation within self-managing team-based organizations. The model was empirically tested on a sample of 104 individuals belonging to an R&D organization relying on self-managing teams. Results show that performance feedback has a negative direct effect, while team identification has a positive direct effect on individual learning goal orientation. In addition, we found that individual self-efficacy is a mediator of the relationships between performance feedback and brokerage in the advice network and individual learning goal orientation. Finally, we did not find a relationship between centrality in the friendship network and individual learning goal orientation.
Author: Anupama Narayan
Author: Anupama Narayan
Author: Charles Clarke
Author: 
Author: Sherilyn Miyuki Kam
Author: James F. Graham
Author: Edwin A. Locke
Author: 
Author: Jef J.J. van den Hout
Author: Claude Fabinyi
Author: Maria Carmela Annosi