Perspectives of Law and Culture on the End-of-life Legislations in France, Germany, India, Italy and United Kingdom PDF Download

Author: Stéphanie Rohlfing-Dijoux
Publisher: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft
ISBN: 9783848754922
Category : Advance directives (Medical care)
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Présentation de l'éditeur : "The interactions between law and culture in addressing the legal problems at the end of a life are currently being discussed in many countries. The discourse on this issue should be multidisciplinary, taking into account its legal, medical, ethical, philosophical and anthropological aspects. The concepts designed to manage the legal problems that occur when a life comes to an end are closely linked to the culture of each country. For this reason, countries with different cultural backgrounds have been selected for this comparative end-of-life study. In France, Germany and Italy, which have a continental legal system, the United Kingdom, which has a common law system, and India, the various religions and cultures exert an important influence on the modernisation of the legislation in this respect. The book deals with recent legislative changes and developments in the countries surveyed."

Author: IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 536

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Evaluates the carcinogenic risks to humans posed by the use of four antiretroviral agents four DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors used in the treatment of cancer and an additional three pharmaceutical agents (hydroxyures phenolphthalein and vitamin K substances). The volume marks the first IARC evaluation of nucleoside analogs that act as antiviral agents. The evaluation responds in part to recent findings that zidovudine (AZT) an effective antiretroviral agent now being given to pregnant HIV-infected women to prevent maternal-to-fetal transmission of the virus is a transplacental carcinogen in mice. The opening monograph evaluates the carcinogenicity to humans of the antiretroviral nucleoside analogs zidovudine (AZT) zalcitabine (ddC) and didanosine (ddI) and the antiherpesvirus drug aciclovir. Of these aciclovir and didanosine could not be classified on the basis of available data. For zidovudine transplacental administration to mice resulted in an increased incidence and multiplicity of lung and liver tumours and in an increased incidence of female reproductive tract tumours in one study but not in another involving treatment at a lower dose. Despite observation of toxic effects in some studies of humans human carcinogenicity data were judged to provide inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Zidovudine was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Similar weaknesses in human carcinogenicity data for zalcitabine which consistently induces thymic lymphomas in mice resulted in its classification as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The second monograph evaluates four DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors: etoposide teniposide mitoxantrone and amsacrine. Of these etoposide - one of the most widely used and effective cytotoxic drugs in combination therapy - was classified as probably carcinogenic to humans and etoposide in combination with cisplatin and bleomycin was judged to be carcinogenic to humans. Teniposide was classified as probably carcinogenic to humans and mitoxantrone and amsacrine were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Of the three pharmaceutical agents evaluated in the final monograph hydroxyurea which is widely used in cancer treatment and increasingly in combination with didanosine in HIV infection could not be classified. Phenolphthalein a widely used laxative now being withdrawn from the market in many countries because of toxicological concerns was classified as possibly carcinogenic. Vitamin K substances could not be classified on the basis of available evidence.

Author: Ross Smith Stagg
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780646477770
Category : Spitfire (Fighter plane)
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Spitfire pilot Ross Smith Stagg was one of 33 Allied airmen to defend Darwin against Japanese invasion on May 2, 1943. As one of 14 pilots shot down or experience mechanical failure in the ensuing battle, he parachuted into the sea 18 km from land, 100 km southwest of Darwin in the Fogg Bay area. He reached the shore in a dinghy. For the next 15 days he trudged through inhospitable country in a futile attempt to return to Strauss airbase. What should have been a few days walk turned into his worst possible nightmare as he stumbled aimlessly through mosquito and crocodile infested swamps. "It was almost six days I'd been without sleep, apart from a short period of unconsciousness and those few moments before I fell out of that tree," he said. " I became demented by the cavalcade of mosquitoes and hallucinating badly". His experience was only to worsen - he waded halfway across a tidal river to be confronted by a large saltie. Darwin historian John Haslett help Stagg map the original route by retracing his steps, even managing to relocate an American Kittyhawk Stagg found crashed in the middle of nowhere.

Author: Hippocrates
Publisher: ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN: 1425001084
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 122

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Book Description