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Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Children who live in low socioeconomic neighborhoods tend to suffer from environmental health inequalities. Often they live in environments that do not support a healthy consumption of nutrients as evidenced by vast amounts of fast food restaurants, markets that offer convenient low cost and low nutrient rich foods and high priced organic fruits and vegetables. This qualitative study focuses on how Latina mothers specifically in the San Fernando Valley navigate their environment and busy lives to ensure that they provide nutritious meals to their children despite the numerous barriers that they may face such as busy work schedules, distant food retailers, and limited funds. By interviewing Latina mothers who have children between the ages of 1-10 years of age this study shows how mothers with a Latino cultural background are instilling healthy eating habits among their children. Participants in the study describe their healthy food practices living in a neighborhood environment that may not be the most supportive towards healthy food consumption. Results show that community navigation, food preparation and time management, open communication and commitment to their children's food literacy are key factors to ensure that children receive the proper nutrition they need and deserve to flourish into healthy beings. vi The role that mothers play in the lives of their children in regards to proper nutrition education is crucially important to prevent malnutrition and obesity in the future. Good eating habits are first learned in the home. Healthy nutrition that starts in the home can significantly decrease the expenses in healthcare, therefore, more programs centered on health and nutrition should be integrated into wellness programs in mental health.
Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Children who live in low socioeconomic neighborhoods tend to suffer from environmental health inequalities. Often they live in environments that do not support a healthy consumption of nutrients as evidenced by vast amounts of fast food restaurants, markets that offer convenient low cost and low nutrient rich foods and high priced organic fruits and vegetables. This qualitative study focuses on how Latina mothers specifically in the San Fernando Valley navigate their environment and busy lives to ensure that they provide nutritious meals to their children despite the numerous barriers that they may face such as busy work schedules, distant food retailers, and limited funds. By interviewing Latina mothers who have children between the ages of 1-10 years of age this study shows how mothers with a Latino cultural background are instilling healthy eating habits among their children. Participants in the study describe their healthy food practices living in a neighborhood environment that may not be the most supportive towards healthy food consumption. Results show that community navigation, food preparation and time management, open communication and commitment to their children's food literacy are key factors to ensure that children receive the proper nutrition they need and deserve to flourish into healthy beings. vi The role that mothers play in the lives of their children in regards to proper nutrition education is crucially important to prevent malnutrition and obesity in the future. Good eating habits are first learned in the home. Healthy nutrition that starts in the home can significantly decrease the expenses in healthcare, therefore, more programs centered on health and nutrition should be integrated into wellness programs in mental health.
Author: Sandra Hyatt Soto Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 164
Book Description
Background: Many adult Latinos are not meeting guidelines for healthy eating. Theory posits the important role of family and family members on individuals' health behaviors (e.g., diet). However, few studies examine how children impact their parents' diet. Furthermore, empirical evidence shows that acculturation is an important predictor of diet among Latino adults. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the role of children, families, and acculturation on mothers' dietary intake and related behaviors. Methods: Chapters 1 and 2 used secondary data from mother-child dyads enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and Chapter 3 used primary data collected from mother-child dyads. Chapter 1 used baseline survey data from 314 Latino mother-child dyads to test how children's acculturation and the mother-child acculturation gap was associated with mothers' dietary intake and related behaviors. Building on the results from Chapter 1, in Chapter 2, longitudinal data from 162 dyads enrolled in delayed treatment group of the RCT were used to test the temporal relations of the family environment on traditional mothers' dietary intake and behaviors, and whether these relations differed between mothers of assimilated versus bicultural children. Finally, Chapter 3 used qualitative interview data from mothers and their bicultural (n=11) or assimilated (n=10) children and quantitative data from mothers to explore how children influenced their mothers' dietary intake and behaviors. Results: Chapter 1 provided evidence that accounting for mothers' acculturation, having an assimilated versus a bicultural child was negatively associated with mothers' vegetable intake and positively associated with mothers' sugary beverage intake, percent of calories from fat, and frequency of away-from-home eating. The most at-risk dyads for lower quality diet among mothers were traditional mothers of assimilated children. Chapter 2 found that less positive family interactions around food at baseline predicted more frequent away-from-home eating four months later among mothers of assimilated children. Additionally, more family expressiveness at four months predicted more dollars spent on fruits and vegetables at ten months among mothers of bicultural children. In Chapter 3, participants described how mothers' feeding styles shaped children's food preferences and in return, children's food preferences influenced mothers' dietary intake and behaviors. Discussion: This dissertation found evidence for the important role of children and families on mothers' dietary intake and related behaviors. The findings presented here support the theoretical notion that individuals' health behaviors are directly and indirectly influenced by family-level factors. Further, this dissertation extends previous research on the important role of mothers on their children's dietary outcomes by building evidence for the reciprocating influence of children on their mothers' dietary intake and behaviors.
Author: Doratriz Equihua Publisher: ISBN: 9781124251714 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
Abstract: Research indicates that parental involvement in their children's education is beneficial to children, families, schools, and communities. Some research has suggested that Latinos may be less involved in their children's education, especially on school campuses, while other studies have found that Latinos are involved in their children's education in different, less traditional ways. This study investigated the relationships among mental health, family factors, and parental involvement in children's education among 43 Latina mothers of elementary school children. The findings suggested somewhat low involvement in their children's education but the most involvement occurred in home-related activities. These women showed little indication of stress and depression and these items were not significantly related to their involvement. Mothers' age and number of children were negatively related to some types of parental involvement while length of time in the United States was somewhat positively related to involvement in school-site activities. Implications for social work practice and future research are discussed.
Author: Guadalupe Gloria Ramos Publisher: ISBN: Category : Hispanic American children Languages : en Pages : 125
Book Description
Latino youth are exposed to a number of stressors that can overwhelm their coping abilities. Learning and strengthening coping skills from an early age is thus critical for this population. Parents play a significant role in their children's coping; consequently, culturally appropriate programs that help Latino parents help their children cope with stress are needed. A multi-site randomized controlled trial (RCT) with pre- and post-assessments was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a program to help Latina mothers help their children cope with stress. Mothers in the intervention condition participated in a seven-week program that focused on improving mothers' abilities to help their children cope, teaching mothers positive scaffolding techniques to help their children manage stressful situations, and enhancing emotion coaching skills. Consistent with the hypotheses, the results indicated that there were significant increases in mothers' self-efficacy in helping their children cope with stress, in the number of strategies mothers generated to help their children cope, and in developing more positive scaffolding behaviors as well as having improved emotion coaching abilities from pre- to post-test. These findings imply that Latina mothers are receptive to and benefit from culturally sensitive parenting programs that focus on improving their skills so that they can better assist their children in coping with stress. This population can greatly benefit from evidence-based programs such as the one in this study that empower parents to take an active role in ensuring their children's healthy socioemotional development.
Author: Michelle Danit Lesar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Health and Behavior Among Latina Women and Their Children: Associations with Social Support, Perception of Safety, and Neighborhood Disorder By Michelle Danit Lesar Doctor of Philosophy in Epidemiology University of California, Berkeley Professor (Emeritus) Sherman L. Syme, Chair Social epidemiology focuses on the health effects of the social and physical environment and includes research on a broad range of topics, including social support and neighborhoods. The three chapters in this dissertation investigate social support, perception of neighborhood, and neighborhood physical disorder as they relate to maternal and child health. The study population consists of women and their children who are participants in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) project, a study on the health effects of pesticide and allergen exposure in the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region in California. The data used in this dissertation come from primarily immigrant Latinos, an important yet understudied population. In chapter one, I assessed the association between social support during pregnancy and the odds for cesarean delivery among Medi-Cal eligible Latinas living in the Salinas Valley. Although cesarean sections can be life-saving for women and infants in some situations, the proportion of births currently delivered via cesarean is unnecessarily high. The presence of a delivery companion is associated with lower cesarean frequency, and there is some evidence for an association between social support during pregnancy and reduced cesarean frequency. I analyzed data from 511 women who participated in the CHAMACOS project to test for an association between higher social support and lower odds for cesarean delivery. I measured social support via structural (marital status, number of close friends, church attendance, and living arrangement) and functional (Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire and perceived partner support) types of support, and controlled for body mass index, socioeconomic position, acculturation, and alcohol, cigarette, or drug use. I used multiple logistic regression models with robust standard errors to assess the relationship between social support variables and the natural log odds of cesarean delivery. I did not find statistical evidence for an association between social support and the odds for cesarean delivery, as all 95 percent confidence intervals included the null value. However, some point estimates were large enough to suggest an association might exist, albeit in the opposite direction of what I hypothesized. Although my findings did not suggest an association between social support during pregnancy and cesarean delivery, I believe future observational and intervention studies are needed to shed further light on the relationship between social support and cesarean delivery among Latinas. In chapter two, I explored maternal perception of neighborhood safety and its relationship to hours of television viewing among three-and-a-half-year-old Latino children from the CHAMACOS project. Due to its association with negative health outcomes (e.g., obesity), national guidelines support limiting children's time with entertainment media to no more than one to two hours per day. Parents who perceive their neighborhoods to be less safe may choose to keep their children entertained indoors with television, whereas parents who are less concerned about neighborhood safety may allow their children to play outdoors. I tested two hypotheses related to maternal perception of safety and children's television-viewing behavior: (1) children whose mothers perceive their current neighborhoods to be safer for outdoor play will watch less television than children of women who rate their current neighborhoods as less safe, and (2) there will be effect modification of the association in the first hypothesis by the child's sex, with the association being stronger for girls than boys. My study population consisted of 328 mother-child dyads. Television viewing was analyzed dichotomously based on national guidelines: two hours or less per day of television versus more than two hours per day. In addition to using overall daily television-viewing information, I also tested my hypotheses for weekend and weekday viewing. I assessed maternal perception of neighborhood safety for child outdoor play via a likert scale (ranging from "very safe" to "very unsafe"); I used the four-category variable in analyses when interaction was not present and a dichotomous version of the variable ("very safe" versus all other responses) when interaction was present. As in chapter one, I used multiple logistic regression models and robust standard errors to test my hypotheses. I controlled for the confounding effects of socioeconomic position; maternal body mass index, employment status, marital status, and depression; whether or not the child lives with one or more siblings; and time of year. I found that mothers who perceived their neighborhoods to be less safe were more likely to have sons who watched television more than two hours per day, both in general and on the weekends, than mothers who thought their neighborhoods were very safe. The proportion of daughters who watched television more than two hours per day on an average day or on a weekend day did not differ by maternal perception of neighborhood safety. Also, maternal perception of neighborhood safety was associated with weekday television viewing habits among children, but there was no trend and this association did not vary by sex. Finally, in chapter three I assessed whether or not neighborhoods with more symbols of physical disorder would have a higher proportion of five-year-old children spending more than two hours per day with entertainment media. As in chapter two, I explored the possibility of effect modification by sex. I analyzed data from 311 Latino children from the CHAMACOS project using a dichotomous variable for screen time: children who spent more than two hours per day watching television or videos or playing video or computer games versus children whose screen time was two hours or less per day. I used three outcome variables: overall (a weighted average of weekday and weekend) screen time, weekend screen time, and weekday screen time. To measure physical symbols of neighborhood disorder, I included objective information (via block-face observations) on cars, garbage and litter, cigarettes and cigars, graffiti, odors, the condition of residential buildings, yards and gardens, and "for rent" and "for sale" signs. I used a principal components analysis on a polychoric correlation matrix to create one summary variable from twelve original variables that categorized neighborhoods as "low", "somewhat low", "somewhat high", and "very high" with respect to physical disorder. I also used multiple logistic regression models with robust standard errors to test my hypotheses. The covariates I included in my final models were the child's sex and age, family income and home ownership, maternal body mass index, parental emotional problem, whether or not the child lives with a sibling, parent-rated child's health, the time of year of data collection, acculturation, and whether the neighborhood is urban, suburban, or rural. In the overall and weekend screen time analyses, I did not find statistical support for effect modification by sex nor did I find support for main effects. However, I did find evidence of interaction in the weekday screen time analyses; there was a main effect for girls, but not boys. For girls, the main effect appeared to be due solely to the odds ratio comparing the "somewhat high" and "very high" neighborhood disorder groups and was in the opposite direction of what I expected. I hypothesized that higher neighborhood physical disorder would be associated with more screen time, but it appears that neighborhoods with "somewhat high" physical disorder had a higher proportion of girls who spent more than two hours per weekday with entertainment media than did neighborhoods with "very high" physical disorder. As my findings appear to suggest a possible negative association for girls with respect to weekdays, and no other significant findings, I believe future research is needed to fully explore the potentially complex relationship between physical symbols of neighborhood disorder and screen time among five-year-old Latino children. This dissertation focused on two social epidemiologic research topics, social support and neighborhoods, using data from a primarily immigrant, Latina population. Although I did not find evidence to suggest that an association between social support during pregnancy and cesarean delivery exists, I believe there may be an association, perhaps only for certain subgroups of Latinas, and this needs to be further explored in future research endeavors. With respect to neighborhood, my findings from chapters two and three appear to be inconsistent, with the results from chapter two suggesting that mothers who perceived their neighborhoods to be less safe have three-and-a-half-year-old sons who watch more than two hours per day of television on average and on the weekends, and chapter three providing weak support for an association between higher neighborhood physical disorder and less weekday screen time among five-year-old girls. Thus, the nature of the association between neighborhood and screen time may be complex and vary according to the day of the week, gender, and age. Future research should be conducted to better understand these relationships, with attention paid to how children spend their indoor leisure time.
Author: Melissa Renee Donovick Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to examine Latino cultural values of familismo and respeto and parenting to understand their relationship to child mental health among a community sample of Spanish-speaking Latino families primarily of Mexican origin. Literature suggests that familismo and respeto are unique and important Latino values, they have the most evidence to support their existence, and they are noted to be related to parenting and child outcomes. Research indicates that child behavioral problems can be improved by focusing on cultural values within the context of parenting. Very little attention, however, has been given to Latino cultural values among family processes. While the emergent literature has brought forth useful information, lack of consistency among findings and reliance on self-report methodology lead to many unanswered questions. To address this issue, we conducted a multi-method investigation involving a parent-child behavioral observation of parenting practices that were coded (i.e., warmth, supportive demandingness, nonsupportive demandingness, and autonomy granting) and parental self-report surveys of cultural values and child mental health. Participants included 87 families primarily of Mexican origin with a child between 4 and 9 years. Participants in the study were enrolled in phase 1 of a larger study to culturally adapt a parenting intervention. Overall, research demonstrated that cultural values impact parenting, and parenting impacts child mental health. Cultural values did not predict child mental health. Latino families reported high familismo and medium high levels of respeto and they were positively correlated. Latino families were observed to engage in high supportive demandingness, medium high levels of warmth and autonomy granting, and low levels of nonsupportive demandingness. For Latina mothers, nonsupportive demandingness and familismo demonstrated a statistically significant positive relationship. Results indicated that among Latina mothers autonomy granting evidenced a significant relationship with child externalizing behavioral problems. Implications for preventative methods and clinical interventions for Latino families as well as directions for future research endeavors are discussed.
Author: Natasha J. Cabrera Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: 0313382972 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 537
Book Description
A team of expert academics and practitioners examines the life circumstances that impact Latino/a youth growing up in two cultures—their native culture and that of the United States. What effect does growing up in an ethnic minority and perhaps in an immigrant family have on development? That is the overarching question Latina and Latino Children's Mental Health sets out to answer. The work examines all of the myriad physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors that undermine or support healthy development in Latino American children, from biology to economics to public policy. The first volume of this two-volume set focuses on early-life experiences and the second on youth/adolescent issues, treating such topics as children's development of a sense of self, development of linguistic skills, peer relationships, sexual orientation, and physical development. The work analyzes familial relationships, often an important resource that helps young people build resilience despite the stresses of migration. And it looks at patterns of behavior, social status, and social-goal orientations that differentiate Latino/a children and adolescents from their African American and European American peers.
Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez
Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez
Author: Sandra Hyatt Soto
Author: Doratriz Equihua
Author: Robert P. Moreno
Author: Elizabeth Lujan
Author: Guadalupe Gloria Ramos
Author: Luz Marina Robledo
Author: Michelle Danit Lesar
Author: Melissa Renee Donovick
Author: Natasha J. Cabrera