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Author: Anthony A. Churchill Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
The application of the principles of pricing of road user services to Central America is described. If the maximum net benefit from the highway network is to be achieved, the correct price to be charged users is a price equal to the cost of the resources used up when the journey is made. An attempt is made to estimate the variable maintenance costs generated by vehicles using uncongested highways. Current charges are in considerable excess of the economic costs of using uncongested highways. A high degree of congestion exists in all major Central American cities. Failure to reflect this congestion in the costs of using urban streets is rapidly leading to an intolerable situation. A general recommendation is made that road user charges be reduced in rural areas and increased in urban areas. Gasoline taxes, import duties, and general license fees could be lowered at the same time as urban congestion charges and diesel taxes are raised. Excessive border crossing procedures should be eliminated. Data that should be collected in order to facilitate transport decision making should include traffic counts, velocity studies, freight rates, maintenance costs for select road sections, and post investment studies.
Author: Anthony A. Churchill Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
The application of the principles of pricing of road user services to Central America is described. If the maximum net benefit from the highway network is to be achieved, the correct price to be charged users is a price equal to the cost of the resources used up when the journey is made. An attempt is made to estimate the variable maintenance costs generated by vehicles using uncongested highways. Current charges are in considerable excess of the economic costs of using uncongested highways. A high degree of congestion exists in all major Central American cities. Failure to reflect this congestion in the costs of using urban streets is rapidly leading to an intolerable situation. A general recommendation is made that road user charges be reduced in rural areas and increased in urban areas. Gasoline taxes, import duties, and general license fees could be lowered at the same time as urban congestion charges and diesel taxes are raised. Excessive border crossing procedures should be eliminated. Data that should be collected in order to facilitate transport decision making should include traffic counts, velocity studies, freight rates, maintenance costs for select road sections, and post investment studies.
Author: Royce Q. Shaw Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429726767 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 310
Book Description
This study challenges several widely held assumptions about Central American economic integration, arguing that the key to understanding the failure of the integration program lies in neither advanced economic nor regional integration theory, but in the domestic politics of the states involved. Thus, the author contends that the Common Market was not the cause of the balance-of-payments and balanced-growth crises in Central America; rather, domestic political forces were the major factor in the collapse of the market and the subsequent attempts at restructuring. Professor Shaw disputes the standard interpretations of the role of the technocrats in the integration process and demonstrates that the domestic political elites played an important role throughout. He also challenges the assumption that economic integration is always a force for conciliation, pointing out that the Common Market aggravated some of the conflicts that led to war between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969. Nor are integration programs among less developed countries necessarily instruments of political and social change, according to this analysis; on the contrary, political elites used the Common Market to bypass the internal economic reforms necessary for national development. This study incorporates new material—interview data and other primary source material—on events of the past eight years.
Author: Asian Development Bank Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 9292699733 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 161
Book Description
This publication explores how roads are financed in five Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program countries and outlines lessons and best practices to help build a robust road network throughout the region. The publication details how road funds are managed in Azerbaijan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Pakistan, and Uzbekistan, and explains how earmarked road user charges help finance maintenance and repair. It recommends countries create road asset management systems to prioritize roads with the highest economic returns, boost data collection, and increase the efficiency and transparency of road fund financing.
Author: David Leonard Lewis Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 9780309068222 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency planners; design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and administrators, managers, economists, and other decisionmakers involved in programming highway pavement projects. This synthesis describes current practice with regard to road user and mitigation costs in highway pavement projects. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying U.S. and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search of both domestic and foreign publications. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides detailed information on the various methods employed by transportation agencies to estimate user costs. The advantages and disadvantages of each are reported. Information on the various components of user costs (that is, time related, vehicle operating, safety, and environmental costs) is also included. In addition, the study reports on the various mitigation strategies available to agencies to reduce user costs. Information is also provided on how user costs and mitigation strategies have been applied to evaluate different alternatives; and how uncertainties, political considerations, and quality control contribute to the decisionmaking process.
Author: Anthony A. Churchill
Author: Anthony A. Churchill
Author: Anthony Churchill
Author: Anthony Churchill
Author: Anthony A. Churchill
Author: Royce Q. Shaw
Author: Asian Development Bank
Author: Don R. Hoy
Author: Timothy Doe-Kwong Hau
Author: David Leonard Lewis
Author: