PDF/Textbook Ritual Of The Ladies Of The Maccabees Of The World Full Download

Ritual of the Ladies of the Maccabees of the World

Author: Ladies of the Maccabees. Supreme Hive. Supreme Board of Trustees
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Women
Languages : en
Pages : 134

Book Description

Secret Ritual and Manhood in Victorian America

Author: Mark Christopher Carnes
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 9780300051469
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 242

Book Description
In this study of American 19th-century secret orders, the author argues that religious practices and gender roles became increasingly feminized in Victorian America and that secret societies, such as the Freemasons, offered men and boys an alternative, male counterculture.

From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State

Author: David T. Beito
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN: 0807860557
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 337

Book Description
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, more Americans belonged to fraternal societies than to any other kind of voluntary association, with the possible exception of churches. Despite the stereotypical image of the lodge as the exclusive domain of white men, fraternalism cut across race, class, and gender lines to include women, African Americans, and immigrants. Exploring the history and impact of fraternal societies in the United States, David Beito uncovers the vital importance they had in the social and fiscal lives of millions of American families. Much more than a means of addressing deep-seated cultural, psychological, and gender needs, fraternal societies gave Americans a way to provide themselves with social-welfare services that would otherwise have been inaccessible, Beito argues. In addition to creating vast social and mutual aid networks among the poor and in the working class, they made affordable life and health insurance available to their members and established hospitals, orphanages, and homes for the elderly. Fraternal societies continued their commitment to mutual aid even into the early years of the Great Depression, Beito says, but changing cultural attitudes and the expanding welfare state eventually propelled their decline.