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Author: Keith W. Little Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439887969 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 247
Book Description
Environmental Fate and Transport Analysis with Compartment Modeling explains how to use the powerful, highly flexible, and intuitive compartment approach to estimate the distribution of chemical contaminants in environmental media in time and space. Add this Easy-to-Use Approach to Your Environmental Modeling Toolbox This numerical technique enables readers to easily develop the equations that describe complex environmental problems by assembling the equations out of compartmental building blocks. The compartments may describe spatial subunits of single- or multi-environmental media, and the way one hooks them together implicitly provides the dimensionality of the problem. With this approach, assembling the equations to describe chemical fate and transport in a three-dimensional, multimedia system is fundamentally no more challenging than a one-dimensional, single-medium problem. Go Beyond "Black Box" Modeling with the Flexible GEM Software The book includes access to the Generic Environmental Model (GEM), a new software package developed by the author. This software implements the compartment approach based on user-prepared input files and solves the resulting mathematical equations. It allows readers to solve linear, nonlinear, and steady-state problems and offers four methods for solving dynamic problems. Each solution technique is reviewed, along with the error properties and the criteria for avoiding or minimizing numerical errors. The book also describes solution techniques and the underlying mathematical theory for solving nonlinear systems. Compartment Modeling from the Ground Up, Made Accessible to Non-Mathematicians A user-friendly introduction to environmental compartment modeling for the beginning modeler, this is also a useful resource for the experienced modeler. It combines a reference on compartment modeling with a user’s guide to the GEM. Throughout, the GEM is used to illustrate the theory with numerous examples, while the theoretical discussions illuminate the GEM’s functionality.
Author: Keith W. Little Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439887969 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 247
Book Description
Environmental Fate and Transport Analysis with Compartment Modeling explains how to use the powerful, highly flexible, and intuitive compartment approach to estimate the distribution of chemical contaminants in environmental media in time and space. Add this Easy-to-Use Approach to Your Environmental Modeling Toolbox This numerical technique enables readers to easily develop the equations that describe complex environmental problems by assembling the equations out of compartmental building blocks. The compartments may describe spatial subunits of single- or multi-environmental media, and the way one hooks them together implicitly provides the dimensionality of the problem. With this approach, assembling the equations to describe chemical fate and transport in a three-dimensional, multimedia system is fundamentally no more challenging than a one-dimensional, single-medium problem. Go Beyond "Black Box" Modeling with the Flexible GEM Software The book includes access to the Generic Environmental Model (GEM), a new software package developed by the author. This software implements the compartment approach based on user-prepared input files and solves the resulting mathematical equations. It allows readers to solve linear, nonlinear, and steady-state problems and offers four methods for solving dynamic problems. Each solution technique is reviewed, along with the error properties and the criteria for avoiding or minimizing numerical errors. The book also describes solution techniques and the underlying mathematical theory for solving nonlinear systems. Compartment Modeling from the Ground Up, Made Accessible to Non-Mathematicians A user-friendly introduction to environmental compartment modeling for the beginning modeler, this is also a useful resource for the experienced modeler. It combines a reference on compartment modeling with a user’s guide to the GEM. Throughout, the GEM is used to illustrate the theory with numerous examples, while the theoretical discussions illuminate the GEM’s functionality.
Author: Yogeshwari F Patel Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000629562 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 307
Book Description
This book is an invaluable resource for applied researchers to find the analytical solution of differential equations describing the dynamical system with less computational effort and time. It describes the basic concepts of the differential transform method and solution of various real-world problems described by simple to complicated differential equations. It provides a computational technique that is not only conceptually simple and easy to use but also readily adaptable for computer coding. Different chapters of the book deal with the basic differential equations involved in the physical phenomena as well as a complicated system of differential equations described by the mathematical model. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including Basic concepts and fundamental properties of the proposed technique with proof The solution of linear, nonlinear, homogeneous, and nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs) The initial and boundary value problems Real-world ODE and PDE problems are also discussed Applications of Differential Transform to Real World Problems is primarily aimed at undergraduates, graduates, and researchers studying differential equations. Scientists dealing with complicated differential equations or systems of differential equations will also find this book useful.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309162475 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
Over 3 million U.S. military personnel were sent to Southeast Asia to fight in the Vietnam War. Since the end of the Vietnam War, veterans have reported numerous health effects. Herbicides used in Vietnam, in particular Agent Orange have been associated with a variety of cancers and other long term health problems from Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes to heart disease. Prior to 1997 laws safeguarded all service men and women deployed to Vietnam including members of the Blue Navy. Since then, the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) has established that Vietnam veterans are automatically eligible for disability benefits should they develop any disease associated with Agent Orange exposure, however, veterans who served on deep sea vessels in Vietnam are not included. These "Blue Water Navy" veterans must prove they were exposed to Agent Orange before they can claim benefits. At the request of the VA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined whether Blue Water Navy veterans had similar exposures to Agent Orange as other Vietnam veterans. Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure comprehensively examines whether Vietnam veterans in the Blue Water Navy experienced exposures to herbicides and their contaminants by reviewing historical reports, relevant legislation, key personnel insights, and chemical analysis to resolve current debate on this issue.
Author: Stephen de Mora Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108422373 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
A comprehensive, global review of the impact ships have on the environment, covering pollutant discharges, non-pollutant impacts and international legislation.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309308933 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 110
Book Description
From 1972 to 1982, approximately 1,500-2,100 US Air Force Reserve personnel trained and worked on C-123 aircraft that had formerly been used to spray herbicides in Vietnam as part of Operation Ranch Hand. After becoming aware that some of the aircraft on which they had worked had previously served this purpose, some of these AF Reservists applied to the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for compensatory coverage under the Agent Orange Act of 1991. The Act provides health care and disability coverage for health conditions that have been deemed presumptively service-related for herbicide exposure during the Vietnam War. The VA denied the applications on the basis that these veterans were ineligible because as non-Vietnam-era veterans or as Vietnam-era veterans without "boots on the ground" service in Vietnam, they were not covered. However, with the knowledge that some air and wipe samples taken between 1979 and 2009 from some of the C-123s used in Operation Ranch Hand showed the presence of agent orange residues, representatives of the C-123 Veterans Association began a concerted effort to reverse VA's position and obtain coverage. At the request of the VA, Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure in Agent Orange-Contaminated C-123 Aircraft evaluates whether or not service in these C-123s could have plausibly resulted in exposures detrimental to the health of these Air Force Reservists. The Institute of Medicine assembled an expert committee to address this question qualitatively, but in a scientific and evidence-based fashion. This report evaluates the reliability of the available information for establishing exposure and addresses and places in context whether any documented residues represent potentially harmful exposure by characterizing the amounts available and the degree to which absorption might be expected. Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure rejects the idea that the dioxin residues detected on interior surfaces of the C-123s were immobile and effectively inaccessible to the Reservists as a source of exposure. Accordingly, this report states with confidence that the Air Force Reservists were exposed when working in the Operation Ranch Hand C-123s and so experienced some increase in their risk of a variety of adverse responses.
Author: Willy Herbst Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527604065 Category : Science Languages : de Pages : 678
Book Description
'Everything there is to know about organic pigments' Revised and updated, this highly acclaimed work, now in its third edition, remains the most comprehensive source of information available on synthetic organic pigments. The book provides up-to-date information on synthesis, reaction mechanisms, physical and chemical properties, test methods, and applications of all industrially produced organic pigments of the world market. Standardized methods have been used to obtain the data thus facilitating comparison between pigments. Chemists, engineers, colorists, and technicians are sure to find this book invaluable. 'Presentation throughout is of the highest quality and the volume must now become the standard reference text in this important area of colouring matters.' Dyes and Pigments 'This is a very wide-ranging reference work ... it would be difficult to find a topic in this field not covered by this book.' Ecochem
Author: Keith W. Little
Author: Keith W. Little
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Author: Yogeshwari F Patel
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Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Stephen de Mora
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Ameer Abdulla
Author: Willy Herbst
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